Hưng Yên province | |
|---|---|
     Some typical locations. | |
 Seal | |
| Nickname: "Hiến Street" (Phố Hiến) | |
| Motto: "Charm From Viet Spirit" (Nét duyên hồn Việt) | |
 Location of Hưng Yên within Vietnam | |
 Interactive map of Hưng Yên province | |
| Coordinates:20°50′N106°5′E / 20.833°N 106.083°E /20.833; 106.083 | |
| Country |  Vietnam |
| Region | Red River Delta |
| Central hall | No.10, Chùa Chuông road, Phố Hiến ward |
| Subdivision | 11 wards, 93 communes |
| Government | |
| • Type | Provincial People's Committee |
| • Body | Provincial People's Council |
| • People Council's Chairman | Trần Quốc Văn |
| • People Committee's Chairman | Trần Quốc Toản |
| Area | |
• Total | 2,514.81 km2 (970.97 sq mi) |
| Population (2025)[1] | |
• Total | 3,567,943 |
| • Density | 1,418.77/km2 (3,674.60/sq mi) |
| Ethnic groups | |
| • Kinh | 99.15% |
| • Tày | 0.23% |
| • Thái | 0.23% |
| • Mường | 0.2% |
| • Others | 0.2% |
| GDP[2] | |
| • Province | VND 65.746 trillion US$ 2.855 billion |
| Time zone | UTC+07:00 (ICT) |
| Area codes | 221 |
| ISO 3166 code | VN-66 |
| License plate | 89 |
| HDI (2020) |  0.768[3](10th) |
| Climate | Cwa |
| Website | Hungyen.gov.vn Hungyen.dcs.vn |
Hưng Yên (/hɨŋ˧˧:iən˧˧/) is aprovince in theRed River Delta ofNorthern Vietnam.
The area of the province of Hưng Yên has been inhabited for millennia. Under theNgô dynasty, it was calledDang Chau. It was then renamed Thái Bình prefecture under theEarly Lê dynasty, Dang Chau and Khoái Châu phủ under theLý dynasty and Long Hưng garrison andKhoái lo under the Trần Dynasty. Under theLater Lê dynasty, Hưng Yên belonged to Sơn Nam and then divided into Sơn Nam Thượng and Sơn Nam Hạ garrisons.
TheNguyễn dynasty implemented administrative reforms in 1831 to dismantle thetrấn administrative units and establish provinces. Five districts of Đông Yên,Kim Động, Thiên Thi,Phù Cừ andTiên Lữ were separated fromKhoái Châuphủ of Sơn Nam Thượngtrấn and three districts of Thần Khê, Hưng Nhân and Duyên Hà were separated from Tiên Hưng phủ ofNam Định trấn of lower Sơn Nam town to establish Hưng Yên Province. The initial centre of the province was located inAn Vu andLuong Dien communes and then moved toNhi Tan ofXích Đằng commune (now Hưng Yên city).
This area has favourable transport conditions with communes and markets lying side by side, enabling trading activities to be busier and busier. TheChronicle of Hưng Yên Province stated: "The streets are very busy and bustle, crowded with vehicles; the old images ofPhổ Hiến in Sơn Nam can be seen now in this land".
The name Hưng Yên officially appeared in the directory of the country in 1831. For that reason, prior to theFrench occupation of Vietnam, Hưng Yên was a province located on both sides of theLuộc River. Since its establishment, the province's territory has changed many times.
On March 27, 1833, French troops led by CaptainHenri Rivière moved along theRed River fromHanoi and defeated Nam Định citadel. He then demanded Sub lieutenantEdgard de Trentinian to lead a unit of troops to attack Hưng Yên citadel. After occupying Hưng Yên, they made many efforts to strengthen their puppet government and establish various troop stations on one hand, while speeding up the measuring and mapping work for deep involvement into communes and hamlets. However, they met many difficulties, confronting resistance by theBãi Sậy uprising.
In 1890, the French set up the Bãi Sậy area consisting of Yên Mỹ, Yen Hao, Văn Lâm and Cam Luong districts for the purpose of easier suppression of revolts. After the failure of the Bãi Sậy rebellion, they merged Van Lam, Yên Mỹ and Yen Hao districts into Hưng Yên province and returned Cam Luong district (nowCẩm Giàng) toHải Dương province.
Also in 1890, the French split Thần Khê district from Tiên Hưng phủ of Hưng Yên province and Thái Bình phủ andKiến Xương phủ from Nam Định province and set up a new province calledThái Bình. Afterwards, they went on to cut Hưng Nhân and Duyen Ha districts and transferredTiên Lữ district (formerly belonging to Tiên Hưng) to merge intoKhoái Châu phủ. Ever since, the Luộc River has served as the natural border between Hưng Yên and Thái Bình. This period lasted from French colonization to theAugust Revolution in 1945.
During the peak of the independent advocacy movement forVietnamese people, whileHải Dương andHải Phòng were considered as the bases ofVietnam Nationalist Party andDaiviet Nationalist Party,Hưng Yên was like thearea ofViệt Minh forces.Communists have continued to take advantage of the low humidterrain ofMỹ Hào district to operate secretly.[4][5]
During theDemocratic Republic of Vietnam,Bần Yên Nhân township (thị trấn Bần Yên Nhân) and its surroundingareas were almost placed in acurfew situation because ofmotor vehicle ambushes byViệt Minh guerrilla groups, when theIndochina War broke out. The accident became particularly serious in 1951, whenguerrillas strengthened sabotage activities to respond to theNorth-West Campaigns. TheCEFEO had to mobilize several airborne andtanks to deal with the hope of being able to keep thesecurity forHanoi.[6]
After war, when peace was restored in the North, district-level administrative units remained unchanged, except the changes in the administrative names of some wards and communes.
On January 26, 1968, the Standing Committee of theVietnam National Assembly approved a resolution on the unification ofHải Dương and Hưng Yên intoHải Hưng province. After that, on March 11, 1977, Văn Giang and Yên Mỹ districts were unified into Văn Yên district; Tiên Lữ and Phù Cừ districts were unified into Phù Tiên district; Văn Lâm and Mỹ Hào districts were unified into Văn Mỹ.
On February 24, 1979, Kim Động and Ân Thi districts were unified into Kim Thi district. Văn Yên and Văn Mỹ districts were unified into Mỹ Văn; Khoái Châu district and a part of Văn Giang district were unified into Châu Giang district.
On November 6, 1996, the National Assembly approved the division of Hải Hưng into Hải Dương and Hưng Yên. After that, the unified districts were split as the former administrative units.
On June 12, 2025, the National Assembly passed Resolution No. 202/2025/QH15,[7] which took effect the same day, mergingThái Bình Province into Hưng Yên Province.
Hưng Yên now has a total of 104 communes and wards.
Hưng Yên province covers an area of 930.20 km2 (359.15 sq mi),[8] comprising 1 city, 8 rural districts, and 1 district-leveled town, it had a population of 1,290,850 in 2022 with 250,000 people in urban areas and 1,040,850 people in rural areas. The province is a settlement along the banks of theRed River, bordered by 5 provinces and municipalities (Bắc Ninh province,Hải Dương province,Hà Nội,Thái Bình province,Hà Nam province).
The population of Hưng Yên is fully registered asKinh people.[9]
The natural population growth rate is 1% per year. Hưng Yên has 57,000 young and highly educated people of working age, representing 51% of the provincial population. The number of workers having attended training courses accounts for 25% of the population, mainly graduates from universities, colleges and high schools; and technical workers.
From 2024, the province is subdivided into 10 district-level sub-divisions, which are further subdivided into 161 commune-level sub-divisions.
| Subdivisions of Hưng Yên | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Hưng Yên province is located in the Northern region of Vietnam, situated in theRed River Delta. The terrain is relatively flat, consisting of low hills interspersed with plain.
The eastern gateway to Hanoi, Hưng Yên, has 23 km of the 5A National Highway and over 20 km of the Hanoi–Haiphong railway route. In addition, the national highways 39A and 38, which are prolonged from the National Highway 5, passes by Hưng Yên city, running to the National Highway 1A through Yên Lệnh Bridge and to the National Highway 10 through Triều Dương Bridge. This is an important transportation axis linking southwestern provinces in the Northern Delta (Hà Nam,Ninh Bình,Nam Định andThanh Hóa) withHải Dương, Haiphong andQuảng Ninh provinces.
Hưng Yên is close to Haiphong andCái Lân seaports andNoi Bai International Airport. It has borders with Hanoi and the provinces ofBắc Ninh,Hà Tây,Hà Nam, Thái Bình and Hải Dương.
Hưng Yên has the features of a delta province : Flat topography without hills and mountains. There are 61,037 hectares of agricultural land, of which 55,645 hectares (91%) are for yearly cultivation and the remainder are for cultivation of perennial plants, fish farming, specialized cultivation and other purposes. The area of unused natural land is about 7,471 hectares, which are all available for agricultural production and development.
Hưng Yên has a plentiful fresh water source because it is surrounded by theHồng River andLuộc River. Its underground water source is also bountiful with a huge reserve. In the area along the 5A National Highway, fromNhư Quỳnh toQuán Gỏi, there lie mammoth underground water mines with a reserve of millions of cubic metres, which not only can supply water for industrial development and urban daily consumption but also can supply a big water volume for neighbouring localities.
Hưng Yên'slignite source, which is a part of the brown basin in the Red River Delta and has a 30-billion-tonne reserve, has not been exploited yet. However, there is big potential to develop the mining industry, meeting the energy demand in the domestic market and exports.
It is similar with other provinces in theRed River Delta, Hưng Yên is affected by the hot and damp tropicalmonsoon climate. Every year, there are two separate hot and cold seasons in the province. The sun shines on average 1,519 hours per year and the average number of sunny days per month is 24. The average temperature is 23.2 °C in the summer and 16 °C in the winter.
The average rainfall is between 1,450 millimetres (57 in) and 1,650 millimetres (65 in) and the rainfall from May to October accounts for up to 70% of the year's total. The average humidity in the air is 86%; the highest level of humidity is 92% while the lowest level is 79%.
| Climate data for Hưng Yên | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 32.0 (89.6) | 33.6 (92.5) | 37.6 (99.7) | 37.0 (98.6) | 40.5 (104.9) | 39.4 (102.9) | 40.5 (104.9) | 37.8 (100.0) | 36.4 (97.5) | 35.3 (95.5) | 34.5 (94.1) | 31.6 (88.9) | 40.5 (104.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 19.5 (67.1) | 19.7 (67.5) | 22.3 (72.1) | 26.7 (80.1) | 30.9 (87.6) | 32.4 (90.3) | 32.7 (90.9) | 31.7 (89.1) | 30.5 (86.9) | 28.3 (82.9) | 25.2 (77.4) | 21.7 (71.1) | 26.8 (80.2) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 16.2 (61.2) | 16.9 (62.4) | 19.6 (67.3) | 23.5 (74.3) | 27.0 (80.6) | 28.6 (83.5) | 29.0 (84.2) | 28.4 (83.1) | 27.1 (80.8) | 24.5 (76.1) | 21.1 (70.0) | 17.8 (64.0) | 23.3 (73.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 14.0 (57.2) | 15.0 (59.0) | 17.8 (64.0) | 21.4 (70.5) | 24.2 (75.6) | 25.8 (78.4) | 26.3 (79.3) | 25.8 (78.4) | 24.6 (76.3) | 21.8 (71.2) | 18.4 (65.1) | 15.1 (59.2) | 20.8 (69.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) | 5.3 (41.5) | 6.6 (43.9) | 12.2 (54.0) | 16.5 (61.7) | 19.4 (66.9) | 20.6 (69.1) | 21.8 (71.2) | 16.5 (61.7) | 12.5 (54.5) | 8.4 (47.1) | 4.8 (40.6) | 4.8 (40.6) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 26 (1.0) | 25 (1.0) | 48 (1.9) | 92 (3.6) | 172 (6.8) | 229 (9.0) | 219 (8.6) | 286 (11.3) | 261 (10.3) | 187 (7.4) | 75 (3.0) | 24 (0.9) | 1,644 (64.7) |
| Average precipitation days | 9.1 | 12.8 | 16.6 | 13.8 | 13.1 | 14.2 | 13.1 | 15.5 | 13.7 | 11.2 | 7.3 | 5.5 | 146.0 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 85.2 | 87.6 | 90.1 | 89.8 | 86.2 | 84.4 | 84.0 | 87.1 | 86.9 | 84.8 | 82.6 | 82.4 | 85.9 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 75 | 42 | 49 | 93 | 187 | 178 | 205 | 179 | 179 | 173 | 139 | 127 | 1,625 |
| Source: Vietnam Institute for Building Science and Technology[10] | |||||||||||||
There are many ancient historical and culturalrelics in thearea of Hưng Yên province, some of which are related to thelearning tradition of theVietnamese people.[11]
ThePVF People-Police Football Club (PVF-PP FC) based at PVF Stadium (or Vietnam Youth Football Training Center) inVăn Giang district. Its predecessor is Phố Hiến FC. Currently, this club is competing inV.League 2.
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Due to the special characteristics of an area that receives greatalluvial deposits from theRed River, Hưng Yên province is known as the "king of fruits"[12] or "the gift of heaven"[13] because of its richness infruit harvesting and processing.[14]
After theCOVID-19 pandemic passed, the province promoted an economic stimulus program with the ambition of becoming an elite green industrial zone (vùng công nghiệp xanh) in theRed River Delta.[15][16][17][18][19]
In 2024, representatives ofThe Trump Organization signed a co-operation and investment document worth 1,5 billionUSD in thereal estate sector in Hưng Yên province with the Kinh-Bac City Development Holding Corporation (Tổng công ty Phát triển Đô thị Kinh Bắc, KBC). This event caused a stir in the Vietnamese business community for a long time.[20][21]
Places adjacent to Hưng Yên province | |
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| International | |
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| National | |
| Geographic | |
| Other | |
