Grim Natwick | |
|---|---|
 Natwick in November 1969 | |
| Born | Myron Nordveig[1] (1890-08-16)August 16, 1890 |
| Died | October 7, 1990(1990-10-07) (aged 100) Los Angeles, California, U.S. |
| Education | Academy of Fine Arts Vienna |
| Occupations |
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| Spouses | |
| Children | 1 |
| Relatives | Mildred Natwick (first cousin) |
| Awards | Inkpot Award (1978)[3] |
| Signature | |
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Myron "Grim"Natwick (néNordveig; August 16, 1890 – October 7, 1990)[1] was an Americanartist,cartoonist,animator, andfilm director. Natwick is best known for drawing theFleischer Studios' most popular character,Betty Boop.[4]
Born inWisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, Natwick studied at the School of theArt Institute of Chicago and had five brothers and two sisters. Natwick's parents, James and Henrietta (Lyon), owned a furniture store. His grandfather, Ole, was one of the earliest Norwegian immigrants to the United States arriving in Wisconsin in 1847 (Ole was born on April 8, 1826, to Ole Torkjellson Natvig and Anna at Sagi Natvig, Ardal, Sogn, Norway). He had eleven children in Grand Rapids, Wisconsin (now part of Wisconsin Rapids), including James W., Grim's father, and Joseph, who was the father ofMildred Natwick, Grim's first cousin.
Natwick had his nickname since before high school as a takeoff on his "anything but Grim" personality. He was well known even in high school for his artwork and his poetry. Although never published, many pages of his poetry were displayed in the summer of 2011 at the South Wood County Historical Museum in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, where there was a permanent exhibit of Natwick's works.[5] His brother Frank was reputedly one of the first Wisconsin athletes to be invited to theOlympics in 1908. He was a high hurdler for theUniversity of Wisconsin–Madison where he was president of his class.[6]
After studying at the Art Institute of Chicago, he went to theNational Academy of Design.[7]
Natwick's artistic career started with cover designs forsheet music, initially for a friend who worked at a music publishing company. Natwick found that he was good at this type of work and contacted other publishers in Chicago, eventually illustrating the covers for many song sheets, usually in no more than two colors. A former school friend,Gregory La Cava convinced him to try animation atWilliam Randolph Hearst Studio, which only animated their comic strip properties. Natwick stated, "I was having lunch with LaCava one day and he said, 'Why don't you try this thing?' He found it very hard to get artists to do this; nobody knew how to animate. They would come in and see somebody drawing a hundred drawings a day and it would frighten them. We knew each other well, and I had apparently shown a knack of drawing humorous drawings, so he persuaded me to try it for a couple of weeks. That lasted about fifty years."[8] The studio was under the direction ofGregory La Cava. In 1925, after one year at the studio, he took his savings and sailed to theVienna National Academy, where he mostly drew anatomy of women. Natwick was influenced byEgon Schiele andGustav Klimt. He graduated in late summer of 1928, moving back to New York.[7] Natwick is best known for creating theFleischer Studio's most popular character,Betty Boop, under the direction ofMax Fleischer.[9] Although legal ownership of the Betty Boop character remained with the studio (as Natwick was an employee), Grim created the original design of Betty Boop at the request of studio head Max Fleischer, who requested a girlfriend for his then-star character, an anthropomorphic dog named "Bimbo". Natwick would remain one the primary animators of Betty Boop from "Dizzy Dishes" (1930) to "Bimbo's Initiation" (1931), his last cartoon forFleischer's before moving to the West Coast.
Natwick worked for a number of Americananimation studios, including theUb Iwerks studio,Walt Disney Animation Studios,Walter Lantz Productions,UPA, and theRichard Williams studio. Seeing Natwick's animation of Betty Boop in "The Bum Bandit" promoted Disney to make him an offer, but believing Iwerks to be the real creative force of the two he chose to work at the latter's studio.[10] At Iwerks, Natwick animated a number ofFlip the Frog cartoons and designedWille the Whopper.[11] More and more, Iwerks came to rely on Grim Natwick to supervise the actual production of his cartoons.[12] Natwick eventually wound up running the studio day-to-day, while Iwerks worked on mechanical improvements in the studio's basement.[13] At the studio Natwick would work along with many of the same young animators he had supervised at Fleischer.[10][14] Natwick was eventually offered partnership in the studio but declined in order to work atDisney.[15][16] Natwick heard about the studio's plans to develop the first fully animated feature-length film and stated, "An opportunity to work on the first animated feature intrigued me.Ted Sears, at that time, headed a Walt Disney story group. He was a good friend of mine. I asked Ted if he would intercede for me, pick a moment when Walt was in a good mood, and suggest that I would like to join the Disney staff. Two weeks later Ted telephoned and said, 'Walt will meet you after work next Monday.'"[17]
On November 12, 1934, Natwick was hired to work atWalt Disney Animation Studio. Natwick's first assignment at the studio would be doing the female lead inThe Cookie Carnival.[18] In his scenes Natwick brought an expertise to animating human characters which was lacking in Disney's previous effortThe Goddess of Spring. This along with Natwick's work on the blind girl doll in "Broken Toys"[19] reinforced Disney's intention to assign Natwick to the female lead in the upcoming feature.[20]
Natwick became a lead animator onSnow White and the Seven Dwarfs, and was the person chiefly responsible for animating itstitular heroine.[21] Natwick was given some of the studio's top assistants to work with including,Marc Davis,Lester Novros and Jack Campbell.[10] Regarding his scenes, Natwick did not rely heavily on rotoscoping, stating "We went way beyond rotoscope," and "I remember one scene I had where there were 101 rotoscoped tracings; that would mean that they traced every second frame on the film. I used drawing one and drawing one hundred and one, and I filled in the rest, because there wasn't enough in it to give us anything to animate."[21] By the end of the picture, he had animated over 120 scenes, with six assistants working under him.[10] Natwick was responsible for animating some of the most iconic scenes in the film, including the sequences where Snow White cleans the house to "Whistle While You Work", the scene where she dances with the dwarfs, and her singing "Someday My Prince Will Come".[10]
While working for the Fleischer studios in 1939, Natwick was in charge of drawing the Prince and the Princess forGulliver's Travels. He also helped to animateMickey Mouse inFantasia,Mr. Magoo,Popeye,Felix the Cat and many other 1940s and 1950s cartoon greats. Three of Natwick's former assistants includedWalter Lantz (Hearst),Chuck Jones (Iwerks) andMarc Davis (Disney).[22]
During the 1980s and 1990s, Natwick served on the advisory board of theNational Student Film Institute.[23][24]
There is evidence Natwick did some commercial work later in his long life. He appears to have contributed to the early images of Sonny & Gramps, according to then-contemporaries who collaborated with Natwick during his career. Sonny is the "cuckoo" animated mascot ofGeneral Mills'Cocoa Puffs.[25]
Natwick died on October 7, 1990, inLos Angeles, California, frompneumonia andheart disease, six weeks after turning 100, with a party with friends such asShamus Culhane.[26][27]
In 2010, the Wisconsin Historical Society erected a memorial plaque to Grim Natwick in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. The South Wood County Historical Museum in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin is home to an extensive Grim Natwick exhibit.[28]
Since 2010, theGrim Natwick Film Festival has been held annually over three days inWisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, featuring animators from across the state and beyond in panels and screenings of work.
Recently, Natwick's name is an inspiration to a character in the 2017 video gameCuphead, arun-and-gun game that has a style and tone of 1930s cartoons (mostly influenced by Fleischer Studios). His name was adapted to a dragon character named Grim Matchstick, who has a similar stutter and speech to that of Natwick himself.
As animators were often uncredited, many of the films featured below do not credit Natwick as animator. Similarly there may be other films on which he worked which have not yet been attributed to him.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link)Grim Natwick was directing the picture, which had been written by Bugs Hardaway, and Ub had drawn the layouts.
Iwerks was branching out and he more or less urged me to come in as a partner and I didn't think I was any part of a business man and I felt I loved animation, and so Walt was willing to put me on the staff, so I spent the next four or five years with Disney
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: publisher location (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link){{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)| International | |
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