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Gregory Tsamblak

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Bulgarian scholar

Gregory Tsamblak (Bulgarian:Григорий Цамблак;Greek:Γκρέγκορι Τζαμπλάκων;Romanian:Grigorie Țamblac;Serbian Cyrillic:Григорије Цамблак;Ukrainian:Григорій Цамблак;c. 1365 – c. 1420), member of theTzamplakon family, was a writer and cleric active inBulgaria,Moldavia,Serbia,Grand Duchy of Lithuania, and thePrincipality of Kiev.

Biography

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Early life

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He was born into theTzamplakon family in the Bulgarian capital ofTarnovo around 1364/1365.[1]

Serbia

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During his sojourn in Serbia he wrote a biography ofStephen Uroš III, a hymn for the church service honoringStefan of Dečani, and a report on the transfer of the remnants ofSaint Paraskeva to Serbia, for which he also rewrote the service.[2]

Grand Duchy of Lithuania

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Gregory Tsamblak (left) at theCouncil of Constance

In 1414, Grand DukeVytautas attempted to re-establish the Metropolis of Lithuania. He arranged for a synod of bishops to elect Gregory as the Metropolitan of Lithuania.[3] The consecration took place without the consent of PatriarchEuthymius II of Constantinople who deposed and anathematized him and who confirmed the same in letters to Metropolitan Photius of Kiev, EmperorManuel II Palaeologos and Grand Prince Vasily I. After Gregory’s death in the winter of 1419–1420, Photius made peace with Vytautas. As a result, the entire Metropolis of Kiev and all Rus', including Halych, was unified under Photius until his death in 1431.[4]

The rivalry betweenVilnius and Moscow effectively ended in 1448 when Moscow began selecting the metropolitans independently without approval from the Ecumenical Patriachate, which collapsed in 1453.[5][4]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ name=Stankova>"Radoslava Stankova — 'Gregory Tsamblak — ca 1364/1365 – ca 1419/1420 — Metropolitan of Kiev, diplomat, father superior of several monasteries, writer in Bulgarian, Serbian, Moldovan and Russian literature. Author of works in all medieval genres – oratory, prose, hagiography, and hymnography. Representative of the Tarnovo Literary School.'".SESDiva.eu. Archived fromthe original on 2023-01-14.
  2. ^Đorđe Radojičić (1971). Živan Milisavac (ed.).Jugoslovenski književni leksikon [Yugoslav Literary Lexicon] (in Serbo-Croatian).Novi Sad (SAP Vojvodina,SR Serbia):Matica srpska. p. 57.
  3. ^Rowell 1994, p. 168.
  4. ^abCite error: The named referenceStankova was invoked but never defined (see thehelp page).
  5. ^Rowell 1994, p. 169.

Works cited

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External links

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Preceded by
Roman
Metropolitan of Lithuania
(Not recognised by the Ecumenical Patriarchate)

1414–1420
Succeeded by
Abolished
(If it ever existed)
Metropolitans of Kiev and all Rus' in theEcumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople
Metropolis of Kiev and all Rus'
(988–1281)
Partition of the metropolis
(1283–1378)
Metropolis of Kiev and all Rus'
(episcopal seat inMoscow since 1325)
Metropolis of Halych
  • Niphont (1303–1305)
  • sede vacante (1305–1326)
  • Gabriel (1326–1329)
  • Theodore (1337–1347)
  • Antoniy (1370–1391) (Metropolitan of those Halych eparchies within Poland)
Metropolis of Lithuania
(since 1355 'Lithuania-Volhynia')
  • Theophilus (c. 1317–1330)
  • sede vacante (1330–1355)
  • Roman (1355–1362) (merged metropolises of Lithuania and Halych)
  • Administered byAlexius (1362–1378)
  • Metropolis disestablished. Territory reunited to the Metropolis of Kiev and all Rus'
  • Gregory Tsamblak (1414–1420 in pretense)u
Reunited Metropolis
(1378–1441)
  • Cyprian (restored 12 February 1378–1406)
  • Photius (1408–1431)
  • Gerasimus (1431–1437)
  • Isidore (1437–1441) Later, as theuniate Metropolitan (1441–1458)b
Parallel successions
(1441–1596)
Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Rus'
(1441 - 1596)
(Recognised by Constantinople)
Metropolis of Moscow and all Rus'
(Not recognised by Constantinople)
Parallel successions
(1596–1805)
Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Ruthenia
(Ruthenian Uniate Church)
(In communion with the Holy See)
Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Rus'
(1620–1686)
(Recognised as an exarchate by Constantinople)
Metropolis today
c Recognised by Rome alone;b Recognised by both Rome and Constantinople;u Not recognised by Constantinople
International
National
People
Other
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