| Green Brigade | |
|---|---|
 Green Brigadetifo display on 13 August 2011 | |
| Founded | 2006 |
| Type | Ultras group, football supporters group |
| Club | Celtic F.C. |
| Location | Glasgow,Scotland |
| Arena | Celtic Park |
| Stand | North Curve, Lisbon Lions |
| Membership | 1000[1] |
| Colors | |
TheGreen Brigade are aCeltic F.C. supporterultra group formed in 2006. They are situated in the North Curve corner section ofCeltic Park.
At a match againstDundee United in November 2010, there was serious disorder in the section occupied by the Green Brigade when a supporter was being ejected by stewards.[2] Supporters charged at the security guards and one was left with a bloody lip after a coin was reportedly thrown.[2]
In April 2011 at theScottish Cup semi-final againstAberdeen, police officers attempted to remove a supporter who had set off aflare inside the stadium.[3] Police were unable to remove the supporter because other fans held onto him.[3] Four supporters were later held by police in connection with the incident.[3] More than 100 Green Brigade members walked out of the stadium in protest at the arrests.[3]
In April 2011 some members of the Green Brigade were not sent season ticket renewal forms after the club threatened to disperse the group around other sections of the stadium.[3][4]
UEFA head of communicationsWilliam Gaillard, when talking about the matter in 2006, said that chants related to the IRA were notsectarian, and was anationalist issue – similar to fans of other clubs, such asFC Barcelona andAthletic Bilbao, who support nationalist movements in their own countries. He also stated that inBalkan countries, some fans show support for political organisations that had engaged inethnic cleansing, which is a different situation because those organisations are by their nature discriminatory. He said that in his opinion this did not apply to theIrish Republican Army (IRA).[5] Former Celtic managerDavid Hay has called for singing of IRA anthems to be banned,[citation needed] while another former Celtic managerNeil Lennon has also repeatedly said that the chants embarrass the club.[6]
During a match atCeltic Park betweenCeltic F.C. andSt Mirren F.C. on 11 February 2023, the Green Brigade displayed a banner reading "VAR decision:Douglas Ross is a cunt," targeting assistant referee Douglas Ross, who is also aMSP and former leader of theScottish Conservatives.[7][8]
At a match againstAberdeen in November 2010, the Green Brigade unfurled twobanners with the words "Your deeds would shame all the devils in Hell. Ireland, Iraq, Afghanistan. No bloostained [sic] poppy on our Hoops."[9][10][11] This protest was against the placing of theremembrance poppy on Celtic's shirt for the match againstSt Mirren on 11 November 2010.[12][13] Celtic expressed disapproval of these protests, saying they were damaging to the image of the club and its fans, and pledged to ban those involved.[13]
TheGlasgow Herald reported that in the weeks leading up to the incident, the Green Brigade had stepped up pro-IRA chants.[14] Celtic have been investigated byUEFA in the past for alleged sectarian behaviour, including pro-IRA chants.[15] In 2011, UEFA and theScottish Premier League (SPL) investigated Celtic over pro-IRA chants by fans at different games. UEFA fined Celtic £12,700, while the SPL took no action, as the club had taken all reasonable action to prevent the chants.[16]
In response to the murder ofGeorge Floyd, the Green Brigade supported theBlack Lives Matter movement and changed a number of streets signs in Glasgow - renaming them after prominent black civil rights leaders and activists.[17]
On Celtic's last game of the2011–12 season, the Green Brigade organised a display of solidarity withPalestinian prisoners on hunger strike. This featured a banner reading "Dignity is More Precious than Food" alongsidePalestinian flags. A spokesman for the Brigade stated: "We did this in solidarity, to raise awareness and because it's the right thing to do. We want Palestinians to know we are thinking about them and encourage Scottish civil society to look at the injustice in Palestine."[18]
Celtic were fined £8,619 by UEFA for supporters flying Palestinian flags at an August 2016UEFA Champions League qualifying match againstHapoel Be'er Sheva at Celtic Park. The Green Brigadecrowdfunded £176,000 in response, the balance of which it donated to Palestinian charities.[citation needed] Criticism from the wider club was again directed at the Green Brigade for displaying a banner reading 'Victory to the Resistance' accompanied with Palestinian flags during a match. The Green Brigade released a statement on 11 October standing by their decision to display the banner and criticised the club for what they saw as hypocrisy.
On Oct 7 2023, Celtic’s Green Brigade unfurled two huge banners declaring “Free Palestine” and “Victory to the Resistance”.On 25 October 2023, thousands of Celtic fans, including members of the Green Brigade, flew the Palestinian flag and banners in support of Palestine during aUEFA Champions League group stage match against Atletico Madrid.[19] Fans dedicated the song 'You'll Never Walk Alone' in solidarity with Palestinians in Gaza amidst theIsrael-Hamas War which resulted in thousands of civilian deaths.[20][21] On 31 October 2023, Celtic informed supporters by email that approximately 250 members of the Green Brigade would have their season tickets suspended after "serious issues" related to the Brigade's "unacceptable conduct".[22]
On 23 December 2023, following a resolution with the Celtic board, the fan group returned to Celtic Park with another display of solidarity with Palestine, with banners quoting 'A Prisoner's Christmas Song', expressing sorrow over the tragic death toll of Israel's war in Gaza which had resulted in over 20,000 Palestinians killed, including 8,000 children, at the time of the match.[23]
During a UEFA Champions League match againstBayern Munich in February 2025, fans raised a banner stating "Show 'Israel' the red card" to call for Israel to bebanned from FIFA competitions. The protest inspired similar protests at other clubs throughout the world.[24]
The Green Brigade expressed solidarity with Celtic manager Neil Lennon, who in 2011 had been attacked on the trackside by aHearts supporter atTynecastle and allegedly been sentletter bombs. After the last match of the 2011–12 season, Lennon 'presented' theScottish Premier League trophy to the Green Brigade by placing it in front of the section where they sit. He later said, "I just wanted to say thank you to them because they have, week in, week out, created a great atmosphere. They sing non-stop. They add colour. Sometimes they are a little bit controversial but in the main they have behaved themselves impeccably and they have changed the culture of the stadium. It's a fun place to come for the supporters and the atmosphere in the big games has been fantastic. They are the catalyst for all of that."[25]
In November 2012, the Green Brigade organised a full stadium pre-match card display againstBarcelona to celebrate Celtic's 125th anniversary.[26] The display featured aCeltic cross, green and white hoops and125 Celtic in written form, with supporters earning the praise of club chairmanPeter Lawwell.[27]
On 6 April 2013, the Green Brigade took part in a demonstration comprising 3,000 Celtic supporters as part of Fans Against Criminalisation, a body comprising the Green Brigade, theCeltic Trust,Celtic Supporters Association, the Affiliation of Registered Celtic Supporters Clubs and the Association of Irish Celtic Supporters Clubs. Although the march to Celtic Park after the demonstration had not been granted permission, raising concerns about dispersal amongst police, after the eventPolice Scotland said they were "delighted" by the conduct of the protesters.[28] The protest was organised after a previous march that had not received council permission was broken up by police on 16 March.[29]
The initial protest had been called over supporters receiving bans and what was described as "harassment by the police". The Green Brigade announced on its website that it would be holding a "corteo to Celtic Park to raise awareness and show support for the growing list of Celtic supporters receiving and facing bans from both the Club and the PF. It is no secret the level of harassment many fans receive at the hands ofStrathclyde Police nor is Celtic PLCs complicity able to be ignored. As such there is an ever growing list of fans being denied their passion of following their team."[30] Fans took to social media after the initial protest, posting pictures of mounted police and a group of supporters surrounded by police with batons being prevented from leaving the area.[30] Celtic fans felt that the initial demonstration had been improperly policed and turned out to show their support for those demonstrators.[28] TheOffensive Behaviour at Football and Threatening Communications (Scotland) Act 2012, which gave rise to the protests, was eventually repealed in April 2018.[citation needed]
Celtic made moves to disband the Green Brigade section at Parkhead after trouble at a match againstMotherwell atFir Park on 9 December 2013, where fans damaged the stadium seating and threw flares onto the pitch, causing around £10,000 worth of damage. Celtic had already issued a warning to the group after safety breaches in August 2013, and following the incident at Fir Park, Celtic issued "precautionary" suspensions to 128 supporters. 250 season-ticket holders in the group's adopted section of the Celtic Park, section 111, were moved to other parts of the ground, or given the option of a refund for the rest of the season.
"We will not allow the great name of Celtic to be damaged in this way – our supporters deserve more than this," said Celtic in a statement. The Green Brigade disputed the decision of the club and argued that its members were not responsible for the damage, but added it should have been more effective in self-policing.[31]
Between 2011 and 2017, Celtic were punished with substantial fines by UEFA ten times for "misconduct from supporters during European ties".[32]
In December 2013 UEFA issued the club with a €50,000 (£42,000) fine as a result of a banner unveiled by the Green Brigade at aUEFA Champions League match againstAC Milan which displayed a political message (UEFA rules prohibit the display of banners of a political or ideological nature). The banner attracted further controversy for the use of the image of IRA hunger strikerBobby Sands.
During the2017–18 season, thesecond qualifying round draw set up anall-United Kingdom clash withBelfast clubLinfield. In the leg held atWindsor Park, some Linfield supporters threw bottles and coins at Celtic players and sang sectarian songs.[33] During the return fixture, "illicit banner" displays were produced and UEFA charged Celtic again.[32] The banner "showed aparamilitary-type figure" next to an image ofBrendan Rodgers, theNorthern Irish manager of Celtic, under the words "Brendan's undefeated army"; theDaily Record accused the Green Brigade of designing the flags, and also claimed that the "undertones of the imagery were also clearly referring to the politics of Ireland while a section of Celtic fans were also heard singing pro-IRA songs during the powderkeg tie with the Belfast side. Linfield are seen as a ProtestantUnionist club in Northern Ireland and fans of both sides had earlier hurled abuse at each other as they made their way into the stadium".[34] Celtic elected to close off the zone that holds the Green Brigade for the following two matches.[35]