Grangemouth
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.jpg) A view over Grangemouth from Dumyat, December 2013 | |
  Grangemouth Location within Falkirk Council area Show map of Falkirk Grangemouth Location within Scotland Show map of Scotland Grangemouth Location within Europe Show map of Europe | |
| Area | 4.12 sq mi (10.7 km2) |
| Population | 16,120 (2022)[2] |
| • Density | 3,913/sq mi (1,511/km2) |
| Demonym | Portonian |
| OS grid reference | NS935815 |
| • Edinburgh | 21.0 mi (33.8 km)SE |
| • London | 345 mi (555 km)SSE |
| Council area | |
| Lieutenancy area | |
| Country | Scotland |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | GRANGEMOUTH |
| Postcode district | FK3 |
| Dialling code | 01324 |
| Police | Scotland |
| Fire | Scottish |
| Ambulance | Scottish |
| UK Parliament | |
| Scottish Parliament | |
| Website | falkirk.gov.uk/search/?q=grangemouth |
| 56°00′43″N3°43′01″W / 56.012°N 3.717°W /56.012; -3.717 | |
Grangemouth (Scots:Grangemooth;Scottish Gaelic:Inbhir Ghrainnse,pronounced[ˈiɲɪɾʲˈɣɾaiɲʃə]) is a town in theFalkirk council area in the central belt of Scotland. Historically part of thecounty ofStirlingshire, the town lies in theForth Valley, on the banks of theFirth of Forth, 3 miles (4.8 km) east ofFalkirk, 5 miles (8.0 km) west ofBo'ness and 13 miles (20.9 km) south-east ofStirling. Grangemouth had a resident population of 17,906 according to the2001 Census.[2] Preliminary figures from the 2011 census reported the number as 17,373.
Grangemouth's original growth as a town relied mainly on its geographical location. Originally a bustling port, trade flowed through the town with the construction of theForth and Clyde Canal in the 18th century. Nowadays, the economy of Grangemouth is focused primarily on the largepetrochemical industry of the area which includes theoil refinery, owned byIneos, one of the largest of its kind in Europe. The town is twinned withLa Porte, Indiana, U.S.A.[3]
Residents of the town are known as Portonians.
Grangemouth was founded bySir Lawrence Dundas in 1768 as a result of the construction of theForth and Clyde Canal. Originally referred to asSealock by workers brought in to labour on the canal digging and lock constructions,[4] the name referred to the Forth and Clyde Canal connection to the sea and where it flowed into theRiver Forth.[5] After Dundas died in 1781 his sonThomas Dundas commissioned the architectHenry Holland to re-plan the town including the layout around the canal and its basin.[6] The settlement acquired the nameGrangeburnmouth and laterGrangemouth, referring to its situation at the mouth of the Grange Burn (which originally entered theCarron at Grangemouth Harbour, though it has since been diverted to flow straight into the Forth).
As canal and general shipping traffic came to the town the area became more prosperous. This was aided by the high tariffs at the port ofLeith which caused more traffic to pass through Grangemouth instead. Additionally, the dredging and a major re-alignment of the River Carron for deeper draught vessels and the founding of collieries to the North of the town saw the increase in trade to and from the Baltic States. Being downstream from the world-famousCarron Company also increased the volume of shipping to the town as cast iron products and armaments were transported around the globe. Until 1810, duties had to paid on cargoes through the customs house at Bo'ness which benefited from the duties paid and involved a journey of some four or five miles each way. With poor roading between the towns, ships captains and agents had to undertake multiple journeys by foot or by horse and cart to register cargoes and pay their duties in weathers fair and foul. After years of appealing Grangemouth was granted its own Customhouse and a fine three storied stone building was erected on the Northern side of the harbour.[7]
The 1830s saw 750 ships in port and over 3,000 trade journeys using the canal. The local shipyard had a graving or drydock built by theEarl of Zetland in 1811 and commenced building larger and larger vessels. The harbour and the river were unable to handle the volume of shipping and larger vessels had to rely completely on the tide to reach wharves on the river bank. A new dock was commissioned to be built and dredging and further re-alignment of the River Carron were undertaken. 200 men dug out what is now called the Old Dock and lock gates were built, allowing vessels to enter the port at any time and tide. A canal link to the south west was named Junction lock and it was also connected to the canal. This allowed timber logs from Scandinavia to be floated in rafts right up to the sawmills almost a mile inland.[8]
Over the next 50 years the docks would be increased in size fourfold or more with a major land reclamation in the late 1890s pushing the entrance of the docks to the River Forth and avoiding the Carron with its limited depth and width. There was alsoGrangemouth Dockyard Company established in 1885.Grangemouth Town Hall was designed by William Black and was completed the same year.[9]
In November 1914 the Admiralty requisitioned Grangemouth Docks and they were banned to merchant shipping for the remaining duration of theFirst World War. During this period the dock was referred to as HMSRameses in military circles.[10]
A 1936LMS advert said that the docks had 121 acres (49 ha) of water (excluding timber basins), direct access to the Forth and Clyde Canal ("giving through access to Glasgow and the Clyde") and handled 3,250,000 tons of goods a year.[11] The now re-opened canal no longer passes through the old part of Grangemouth, but joins the tidalRiver Carron.[12] TheMunicipal Buildings were designed by Robert Wilson and David Tait and completed in 1937.[13]
The original two townships were almost totally demolished in the 1960s as a result of poor planning decisions. The last vestiges of the original old town were the Queens Hotel and the Institute Building (built 1876) which were demolished at that time.[14]
Grangemouth Port is one of the main ports in the UK with the largest container terminal in Scotland, with 9 million tonnes of cargo handled through the dock facilities each year.[15] There are links to the inter-modal freight facilities elsewhere in the town which use the town's motorway connections.
The main industry of Grangemouth and the wider Falkirk council area is focused on theGrangemouth Refinery which employs a significant workforce and is one of the largest of its kind in Europe.
The Soap Works building which was used to manufacture soap and glycerine, and owned by the Scottish Co-operative Wholesale Society was established in 1897. This was the largest works of its kind in Scotland and employed a considerable number of local people. It was demolished in November 2005 to make way for a newWhyte & Mackay blending and bottling plant.
Grangemouth has anAir Training Corps Squadron, 1333 (Grangemouth) Squadron (located at the TA Centre in Central Avenue), an Army Cadet Detachment (also in Central Avenue) and a Sea and Marine cadet corps at Grangemouth Docks.
There are two general health practices, and a dentist's surgery in the town. The area is covered byNHS Forth Valley and with the recent downgrading of the Falkirk and Stirling Hospitals, all major services have been transferred to the newly built Forth Valley Royal Hospital in nearbyLarbert.
Grangemouth has four primary schools: Bowhouse Primary School, Beancross Primary School, Moray Primary School and Sacred Heart R.C. Primary School. The former three are within the catchment area of Grangemouth High School and the latter is a catchment primary school forSt. Mungo's High School. Grangemouth High School was recently rebuilt with new facilities such as an indoor swimming pool, dance studio, a gym, and an outdoor football pitch. For many years Grangemouth had a three-tier school system - the only area in Scotland to do so. This ended in 1988.
Grangemouth has access to three nearby railway stations:Falkirk High,Falkirk Grahamston andPolmont.
Situation of Grangemouth | |
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Grangemouth has an international-standard sports stadium and sports centre. Grangemouth Stadium was built in 1966 for the citizens of Grangemouth, partly funded byBP. The stadium has been extended to host a 150-metre running track, physio room, and weight-lifting. The stadium is used as the National Indoor Sports Stadium and for the Football Referees' Fitness Test for Stirlingshire. It was announced in August 2014 that the temporary running track used atHampden Park for the athletics programme at the2014 Commonwealth Games would be installed at Grangemouth Stadium. The Games legacy programme also agreed to donate £30,000 worth of sports equipment to Falkirk Community Trust, which runs the stadium.[16]
A number of parks exist in the town which are used for sports and recreational activities.Inchyra Park, which is situated close to the stadium, Rannoch Park in the Bowhouse area which is situated at the point where the Grange Burn flows into the town, andZetland Park in the centre of the town. Grangemouth Golf Club is actually located in the neighbouring village ofPolmont.
The town has many amateurfootball teams, including Zetland AFC and Bowhouse F.C.
Falkirk Juniors, who were established in 2011, played their home fixtures at the Grangemouth Stadium before folding in 2016. They competed in theScottish Junior Football Association, East Region.
Many churches are located in Grangemouth: three Church of Scotland, two Catholic Churches, one Episcopal Church and several mission-type churches including a Kingdom Hall of Jehovah's Witnesses. The nearest Mosque is Falkirk Islamic Centre.
The Kelpies andThe Helix both stand between Grangemouth and Falkirk.
Grangemouth is twinned withLa Porte, Indiana, US.[3]
Grangemouth Cemetery, officially calledGrandsable Cemetery lies south of the town, closer toPolmont.
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