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Gongbei (Chinese:拱北;pinyin:Gǒngběi; fromPersian:گنبدgonbad,[1] meaning "dome", "cupola"), is a term used by theHui andUyghurMuslim populations of China in theNorthwestern region to indicate anIslamic shrine complex centered on thegrave (qabr) of aṢūfī Muslimmurs̲h̲id ("master") orwalī ("saint"), typically the founder of amenhuan (aChinese Ṣūfīṭarīḳa, or "saintly lineage"). The grave itself usually is topped with adome.[1][2] Similar Islamic facilities with the same purpose, known asdargāh ortürbe, can be found in several other regions of theMuslim world.
Between 1958 and 1966, many Ṣūfī shrines and tombs inNingxia and throughout Northwestern China in general were destroyed, viewed by theChinese Communistgovernment and authorities as relics of the old "feudal" order and symbols which theChinese Communist Revolution (1946−1950) had attempted to eradicate through a series ofatheistic and anti-religious campaigns, as well as for practical reasons ("wasting valuable farmland"). Once the right tofreedom of religion became recognized once again in the 1980s, and much of the land reverted to the control of individual farmers, destroyedgongbei were often rebuilt once again.[3]
In Ningxia, the nearly 70 existinggongbei are divided into three groups.[4]
When a site has as mosque, instructional hall, and agongbei, thegongbei is set apart from the other two.[4]
Media related toGongbei at Wikimedia Commons
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