Golubac Голубац (Serbian) | |
|---|---|
 Town Center | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of the municipality of Golubac within Serbia | |
| Coordinates:44°39′N21°38′E / 44.650°N 21.633°E /44.650; 21.633 | |
| Country |  Serbia |
| Region | Southern and Eastern Serbia |
| District | Braničevo |
| Settlements | 24 |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Nebojša Miović (SNS) |
| Area | |
| • Town | 41.74 km2 (16.12 sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 367.29 km2 (141.81 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 72 m (236 ft) |
| Population (2022 census)[2] | |
| • Town | 1,445 |
| • Town density | 35/km2 (90/sq mi) |
| • Municipality | 6,599 |
| • Municipality density | 18/km2 (47/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 12223 |
| Area code | +381(0)12 |
| Car plates | PO |
| Climate | Cfb |
| Website | www |
Golubac (Serbian Cyrillic:Голубац,pronounced[ɡǒlubats];Romanian:Golubăț) is a village and municipality located in theBraničevo District ofeastern Serbia. Situated on the right side of theDanube river, it is bordered byRomania to the east,Veliko Gradište to the west andKučevo to the south. The population of the village is 1,445 and the population of the municipality is 6,599. Due to many nearbyarcheological sites and theĐerdapnational park, the village is a popular tourist, fishing and sailing destination.
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InSerbian, the town is known asGolubac (Голубац), derived fromgolub ("pigeon" or "dove") and is therefore often translated as "the town of doves." Other names:Romanian:Golubăț (also known asGolumbacu Mare orColumbacu),Hungarian:Galambóc,German:Taubenberg andTurkish:Güvercinlik meaning "dovecote."
Historically, it was known asColumbria inLatin, a contraction of (castrum) Columbaria meaning "city of pigeons" (Latin: Columba, Greek: kòlymbos), and as a city derived from Cuppae during pre-Roman times.
It was a stronghold calledCuppae during Roman and Early Byzantine times (1-6th century) and turned into a city (Columbria) in 554/5 AD.[3]
Archeological sites include the remnants of one ofRomanEmperorTrajan's tables nearTrajan's Bridge, found along his road through the Danube'sIron Gates; and theRoman fortress Diana.Golubac fortress, 4 km downstream, is from the 14th century and also of interest.
Charles I of Hungary conquered the castle in 1334.Lazar of Serbia besieged it and acquired it, possibly in 1382. The Turks occupied it for the first time following theBattle of Kosovo in 1389, lost it to the Hungarian captain Péter Perényi in 1391, then recaptured it later the same year.King Sigismund of Hungary took over the fortress in 1392. When Lazar's sonStefan Lazarević became a Hungarian vassal in 1403–04, he received large possessions from King Sigismund, including the important fortresses ofBelgrade and Golubac. A contract between King Sigismund and Stefan in 1426 stipulated that the king was to receive Golubac back on Stefan's death, but its Serbian captain, Jeremija, sold it to theTurks for twelve thousand golden coins. Sigismund besieged the fortress in spring 1428 in response, but the siege was a failure, and the King himself was almost killed by the advancing troops of the Ottoman sultanMurad II. The Polish knightZawisza Czarny was captured and executed by the Turks. Golubac remained in Ottoman hands until thePeace of Szeged in 1444, when it was ceded to the Serbian despotĐurađ Branković. In 1458, it was reclaimed by the Turks. KingMatthias Corvinus of Hungary tried to recapture it, but the siege was interrupted byHungarian internal conflicts. When Matthias finally succeeded in taking over the fortress in 1481, he evacuated it soon thereafter. It remained under Ottoman rule until the 19th century, with few interruptions (notably,HabsburgAustrian rule in 1688–1690). By the 18th century, the civilian settlement associated with the fortress was described as a prosperous town.
Modern Serbia definitively acquired Golubac from the Ottoman Empire in 1868. From 1929 to 1941, Golubac was part of theMorava Banovina of theKingdom of Yugoslavia.
According to the 2011 census results, the municipality of Golubac has a population of 8,331 inhabitants.
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1948 | 14,844 | — |
| 1953 | 15,166 | +0.43% |
| 1961 | 15,320 | +0.13% |
| 1971 | 14,178 | −0.77% |
| 1981 | 13,541 | −0.46% |
| 1991 | 12,513 | −0.79% |
| 2002 | 9,913 | −2.10% |
| 2011 | 8,331 | −1.91% |
| Source:[4] | ||
The ethnic composition of the municipality:[5]
| Ethnic group | Population | % |
|---|---|---|
| Serbs | 7,576 | 90.94% |
| Vlachs | 424 | 5.09% |
| Romani | 52 | 0.62% |
| Romanians | 47 | 0.56% |
| Yugoslavs | 13 | 0.16% |
| Montenegrins | 9 | 0.11% |
| Macedonians | 7 | 0.08% |
| Croats | 6 | 0.07% |
| Hungarians | 5 | 0.06% |
| Others | 192 | 2.30% |
| Total | 8,331 |
The following table gives a preview of total number of employed people per their core activity (as of 2017):[6]
| Activity | Total |
|---|---|
| Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 47 |
| Mining | 45 |
| Processing industry | 183 |
| Distribution of power, gas and water | 1 |
| Distribution of water and water waste management | 36 |
| Construction | 39 |
| Wholesale and retail, repair | 182 |
| Traffic, storage and communication | 30 |
| Hotels and restaurants | 90 |
| Media and telecommunications | 3 |
| Finance and insurance | 5 |
| Property stock and charter | - |
| Professional, scientific, innovative and technical activities | 38 |
| Administrative and other services | 39 |
| Administration and social assurance | 114 |
| Education | 116 |
| Healthcare and social work | 70 |
| Art, leisure and recreation | 25 |
| Other services | 30 |
| Total | 1,091 |
TheIron Gate national park is noted for its natural environment and its hunting grounds, as well as its hiking trails.[citation needed] The village'squay along theDanube river is popular for more relaxed hiking.[citation needed]
Golubac has become a well-known sailing site.[citation needed] The Sailing Center of theSailing Association of Serbia, which the Serbian National Team uses for ground preparations before major sailing events, is located in Golubac. One of the events is a sailingRegatta, which is traditionally held in August. During the summer, the Center holds an Optimist Class sailing camp, where beginners can learn from the best Serbian sailors and their international guests.[citation needed]
Castles, fortresses and palaces in Serbia | ||
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| Castles, fortresses &palaces |
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See also:Forts and Castles in Serbia,Palaces and Manor Houses in Serbia,Immovable Cultural Heritage of Serbia * is used for castles located in the disputed territory ofKosovo | ||
