| Globigerinoidea | |
|---|---|
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| Rendering ofGlobigerina bulloides with defensive spines | |
Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Sar |
| Clade: | Rhizaria |
| Phylum: | Retaria |
| Subphylum: | Foraminifera |
| Class: | Globothalamea |
| Order: | Rotaliida |
| Suborder: | Globigerinina |
| Superfamily: | Globigerinoidea Carpenter et al., 1862 |
| Families | |
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Globigerinoidea is a superfamily of free-living, calcareous,planktonicforaminiferal protists that have lived in the open ocean since theEocene. It is part of the suborderGlobigerinina.[1]
Tests are trochospiral but later chambers may be enveloping. walls are perforate with numerous small pores or fewer larger ones and the surface may be covered with narrow elongate monocrystalline spines. Apertures vary in position from interiomarginal to equatorial and may be relatively large. Secondary apertures along the sutures may also be found. Two families are included, theGlobigerinidae andHastigerinidae.
The Globigerinacea, sensu Loeblich and Tappan, 1988, is essentially the Globigerinidae of Loeblich and Tappan, 1964, even though reduced in size. The Globigerinidae (L&T 1964) has a longer range, extending from the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) because of the inclusion ofGloborotalioides which has been moved to the Globorataliacea asEoglobiberina. Four subfamilies are included in the Globigerinidae (L&T 1964), the Globigerininae, Sphaeroidinellinae, Capsydracinae, and Obitoidinae. The Globigerinindae is now theGlobigerinidae as emended. The Sphaeroidinellinae have been incorporated into the Globigerininae, sensu Loeblich and Tappan 1988. The Capsydracinae and Obitoidinae have been removed to theGloborotaliacea, respectively as theCapsydrancidae andCandeinidae.