TheGlobal Rights Index (GRI) is a world-wide assessment oftrade union andhuman rights by country. Updated annually in a report issued by theInternational Trade Union Confederation, the index rates countries on a scale from 1 (best) through to 5+ (worst). Ratings are based on 97 indicators derived from thelabour standards of theInternational Labour Organization.[1] The annual index reports on violations of trade union rights, such as limitations oncollective bargaining and theright to strike,inhibiting trade union membership, state surveillance, violence and killings against trade unionists and restrictions onfreedom of speech.[2]
The ITUC debuted the index in 2014.[3] It uses the following rating system to indicate the extent of trade union rights violations:
| Rating | Meaning |
|---|---|
| 5+ | No guarantee of rights due to the breakdown of the rule of law |
| 5 | No guarantee of rights |
| 4 | Systematic violations of rights |
| 3 | Regular violations of rights |
| 2 | Repeated violations of rights |
| 1 | Sporadic violations of rights |
According to data collected from 2023 across 149 countries, in terms of violations of trade union rights, the ITUC rated the following as the worst for working people:[4]
Source:[5]
The 2025 index is the 12th Index theITUC has created. In the report, it surveyed 151 countries and noted that, "In 2025, average country ratings deteriorated in three out of five global regions, withEurope andthe Americas recording their worst scores since the Index’s inception in 2014."[5] The report, reported that the worst region forrights in the world was theMiddle East andNorth Africa.
In 2025, the report noted thatArgentina,Costa Rica,Georgia,Italy,Mauritania,Niger, andPanama recorded a worse rating than in 2024. However,Australia,Mexico andOman improved on their rating.
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