Severalbraille alphabets are used in Ghana. For English,Unified English Braille has been adopted. Four other languages have been written in braille:Akan (Twi),Ga,Ewe, andDagaare. All three alphabets are based on thebasic braille letter values of basic Latin alphabet:

Basic braille alphabet

a

b

c

d

e

f

g

h

i

j

k

l

m

n

o

p

q

r

s

t

u

v

w

x

y

z

The braille equivalents of print letters beyond these are described below. English Braille punctuation is used in both Ghana and (according to UNESCO 2013) Togo.

Braille is not in active use in Ghana for any language but English. However, there are some older publications in these braille alphabets.

Akan has one extra vowel letters.⠪ɔ could be expected frominternational/African norms;⠻ɛ is specific to Ghana.

ɔ

ɛ

Ga and Dagaare add a third extra letter,⠬ŋ.

ɔ

ɛ

ŋ

Ewe adds several additional consonants:⠫ɖ,⠹ƒ,⠣ɣ,⠮ʋ.

ɔ

ɛ

ŋ

ɖ

ƒ

ɣ

ʋ

Theɖ andɣ are theinternational/African norm (see alsoNigerian braille);ƒ andʋ are from the Englishth sounds, the closest approximation in that language afterf andv.

Ewe is the primary language ofTogo, and is evidently used in Togo with the same braille assignments as in Ghana. UNESCO (2013 [1990]) reports several additional Togolese alphabets it was unable to confirm, but which were designed in conjunction with the Ghanaian languages; they evidently use the Ghanaian Ewe assignments:

• Bassar andKonkomba are written inbasic braille plus Eweŋ, ɔ.
• Kabiye hasɖ ɛ ɣ ɩ ŋ ɔ ʊ. The lettersɩ andʊ follows international norms, and are equivalent to⠔ị and⠳ụ inIgbo Braille. (Unesco reportsu/ʊ braille values are exchanged from the norm, a likely copy error.^[1]) The other letters are as in Ewe.
• Moba hasɛ ɩ ŋ ɔ, with⠔ɩ as in Kabiye.
• Tem hasɖ ɛ ɩ ŋ ɔ υ, as in Kabiye.

In addition, UNESCO reports that various Togolese languages have⠡ fornasal vowels,⠸ for high tone,⠘ for mid tone, and⠰ for low tone.

All five of these languages are spoken in Ghana as well as Togo, but Unesco does not report on them being reduced to braille there.

• UNESCO (2013)World Braille Usage, 3rd edition.

• French-ordered braille alphabets
• Akan language

• Articles with short description
• Short description matches Wikidata