Gershwin Theatre

Uris Theatre, George Gershwin Theatre
Interactive map of Gershwin Theatre
Former names	Uris Theatre
Address	222 West 51st Street Manhattan, New York United States
Coordinates	40°45′45″N73°59′06″W / 40.76250°N 73.98500°W /40.76250; -73.98500
Owner	Paramount Group
Operator	Nederlander Organization
Type	Broadway
Capacity	1,933[a]
Production	Wicked
Construction
Opened	November 28, 1972 (52 years ago) (1972-11-28)
Architect	Ralph Alswang
Website
[1]

TheGershwin Theatre (originally theUris Theatre) is aBroadway theater at 222 West51st Street, on the second floor of theParamount Plaza office building, in theMidtown Manhattan neighborhood ofNew York City, New York, U.S. Opened in 1972, it is operated by theNederlander Organization and is named after brothersGeorge andIra Gershwin, who wrote several Broadway musicals. The Gershwin is Broadway's largest theater, with approximately 1,933 seats^[a] across two levels. Over the years, it has hostedmusicals,dance companies, andconcerts.

The Gershwin was designed byRalph Alswang. It was one of the first theaters constructed under the Special Theater District amendment of 1967. The theater's main entrances are from a midblock passageway that runs between50th and 51st Streets. There are escalators leading from the ground floor to the second-story lobby and rotundas. TheAmerican Theater Hall of Fame, which contains inscriptions of the names of over 500 notable theatrical personalities, is placed within the lobby and rotundas. The Gershwin's orchestra level, which has about 1,300 seats, is more than double the size of the mezzanine level, which has about 600 seats.

TheUris Buildings Corporation built the theater within the Uris Building, now Paramount Plaza, in the 1960s in exchange for several additional floors of office space. The Uris opened on November 28, 1972, with a performance of the musicalVia Galactica. Following severalflops, the theater was rented out for concerts and dance specials in the 1970s. The musicalsThe King and I andSweeney Todd had relatively long runs at the end of the decade. The theater was renamed the Gershwin during the37th Tony Awards in 1983, the first of sixTony Awards ceremonies to be hosted there. In the 1980s, the theater hosted concerts; its firststraight plays; and musicals such asSingin' in the Rain andStarlight Express. The theater continued to host concert appearances in the early 1990s, as well as musicals such asShow Boat, and was renovated in 1993. The Gershwin has staged the musicalWicked since 2003.

The Gershwin Theatre is on the second floor ofParamount Plaza, also known as 1633Broadway, north ofTimes Square in theMidtown Manhattan neighborhood ofNew York City, New York, U.S.^[1]Ralph Alswang designed the theater, which opened in 1972 as the Uris Theatre,^[2][3] whileEmery Roth and Sons designed Paramount Plaza.^[4] It is one of two theaters in Paramount Plaza; the other is theCircle in the Square Theatre in the building's basement.^[5][6] The Gershwin, Circle in the Square,Minskoff, andAmerican Place theaters were all constructed under the Special Theater District amendment of 1967 as a way to give their respective developers additional floor area.^[7]

The Gershwin was decorated in what Alswang described as anArt Nouveau style.^[2][8] The theater covers 50,000 sq ft (4,600 m²) and has bronzevelour decorations throughout its major public spaces.^[9] Originally decorated in white and gold, the Gershwin was redecorated in a blue-and-white color scheme in 1993.^[10] The theater is operated by theNederlander Organization.^[11][12]

At the base of Paramount Plaza is a promenade that connects50th and51st Streets, providing entry to the Gershwin and Circle in the Square theaters.^[7][13] There aremarquees for the theaters' entrances on both 50th and 51st Streets.^[9] Thebox office is at ground level.^[14] Escalators lead from the ground floor to the Gershwin Theater.^[2][15][14] The names of 90 celebrities who were active between 1860 and 1930 are inscribed in bronze-gold lettering along the escalators.^[15]

The second floor contains theAmerican Theater Hall of Fame, where the names of notable theatrical personalities are inscribed in gold letters.^[15][16] Eligible inductees have had a career in American theater for at least 25 years and at least five major Broadway production credits.^[17][18] The lobby contains a white wall behind the orchestra seats and measures 220 ft (67 m) wide.^[9] The Hall of Fame's names stretch across the four-story-high wall of the lobby.^[16] The theater also has two rotundas, one of which originally contained the music and theater collections of theMuseum of the City of New York.^[9][14] The hall's names stretch into the rotundas.^[14][19]

Playbill cites the theater as having 1,926 seats,^[11] whileThe Broadway League gives a figure of 1,933 seats.^[12][20] The Gershwin's seats are spread across two levels: an orchestra with about 1,300 seats and a smaller mezzanine with about 600 seats.^[2][21][b] This was based on Alswang's observation that most people wanted orchestra seats.^[2][8] The seats in the Gershwin are spaced 36 in (910 mm) apart from row to row, compared to in older theaters where each row was only 32 to 33 in (810 to 840 mm) apart.^[7][22] The balcony has 14 rows.^[22] Like traditional Broadway houses (and unlike the contemporary Minskoff Theatre), the theater had aisles in the center and along the sides.^[22][21] The orchestra level isADA-accessible via an elevator from the ground story.^[11][23]

The mezzanine level has protrusions on the side walls instead ofbox seats. Theproscenium arch is designed with dark panels that serve as light towers, which can be removed if necessary.^[2] The wall panels also contains panels that can be removed for the installation of speakers.^[22] The stage was also designed with a flexible layout in that it could be disassembled or extended forward.^[2][22] When the stage was extended forward, it basically functioned as athrust stage, covering theorchestra pit.^[21][22] With a 65 ft-wide (20 m) adjustableproscenium arch and an 80 ft-wide (24 m) stage, it is one of the largest Broadway stages, ideal for very large musical productions.^[24]

Unlike older theaters in New York City, the Minskoff and Gershwin theaters were subject to less stringent building codes. For example, the Gershwin was designed without fire curtains, since the city had allowed sprinkler systems to be installed in both theaters.^[22] The theater also used Hydra-Float, a computerized rigging system.^[2][8][25] This made it the first commercial theater in the U.S. to be completely automated.^[21][25] Backstage, there were eight large dressing suites for lead performers, which were equipped with air conditioning, green rooms, and private bathrooms.^[26]

In September 1967,Uris Buildings Corporation leased the site of theCapitol Theatre on Broadway, between 50th and 51st Streets, for 100 years. Uris announced it would build an office tower and a Broadway theater on the site.^[27] The Broadway theater would have 1,500 to 2,000 seats.^[27][28] In October 1967, theNew York City Planning Commission (CPC) proposed the Special Theater District Zoning Amendment, which gave zoning bonuses to office-building developers who included theaters.^[29][30][31] The proposed legislation would directly allow theaters inOne Astor Plaza and the Uris Building,^[32][33] which would be the first completely new Broadway theaters since theMark Hellinger Theatre was completed in 1930.^[34][35][c] The CPC approved the theater amendment that November,^[32][37] and theNew York City Board of Estimate gave final approval to the proposal the next month.^[38][39] A second theater, which subsequently became the Circle in the Square, was announced in February 1968.^[40][41]

In April 1968, the CPC scheduled a public hearing to determine whether the Astor and Uris theater permits should be approved.^[39] Six parties testified in favor;the Shubert Organization, the largest operator of Broadway theaters, was the only dissenting speaker.^[42] The CPC approved the theaters over the Shuberts' objections,^[35][43] as did the Board of Estimate.^[44] That September, Uris Buildings Corporation made a tentative deal withJames M. Nederlander and Gerard Oestricher to operate the larger of the building's two theaters.^[4][45] The larger venue was renamed forPercy Uris, head of the Uris Buildings Corporation, in 1971.^[46] TheNew York Daily News subsequently said that the Uris family's decision to name the theater for themselves "became an object of ridicule in theatrical circles".^[47]

Meanwhile, civic group Broadway Association had proposed constructing a theatrical hall of fame in amedian island of Broadway several blocks north.^[48] Earl Blackwell then suggested that the Nederlanders include a theatrical hall of fame at the Uris Theatre.^[2] Plans for the hall were announced in March 1972, as the building and theater were being completed.^[15][49] The first names were inducted that October, just before the theater opened.^[19]

The Uris Theatre was dedicated on November 19, 1972,^[9][50] and hosted its first show on November 28, a performance of the musicalVia Galactica starringRaul Julia.^[51][52] The theater was cited as having 1,840,^[53] 1,870,^[54][55] 1,900,^[2][3] or 1,940 seats when it was completed.^[56] Alswang estimated the theater's total cost at $12.5 million.^[2][56] Despite a top ticket price of $12.75 (lower than the typical top price of $15),^[53][56] itflopped with seven performances^[3][57] and was the first Broadway show to lose a million dollars.^[58] The next show wasCy Coleman andDorothy Fields's musicalSeesaw, which opened in March 1973^[59][60] and transferred to the Hellinger that August, ultimately running for 296 performances.^[61] A revival of theSigmund Romberg operettaThe Desert Song premiered at the Uris in September 1973^[62][63] but closed after only 15 performances.^[64][65] This was followed that November by theLerner and Loewe musicalGigi,^[66][67] which lasted 103 performances.^[68] For the most part, the Uris lost money during its first two seasons, since it was dark most of the time.^[69] The Uris also hosted annual ceremonies when people were inducted into the Theatrical Hall of Fame. Due to a lack of money, there were no new inductions between 1973 and 1979.^[70]

There were no newlegitimate shows in 1974.^[3][71] After singerSammy Davis Jr. had a highly profitable concert that May, James M. Nederlander decided to book concerts at the theater for the remainder of the year, citing its acoustic qualities. Nederlander said the theater could also be used for musicals if there was demand in the future.^[69][72] ANew York Times critic said the Uris Building, which had just gone into foreclosure, might be a "monument to its mortality" instead of "a leader in the revitalization of Broadway".^[73] Musicians who appeared in 1974 includedMott the Hoople (performing withQueen^[74]);Enrico Macias and his La Fete Orientale Co.;Andy Williams withMichel Legrand;Anthony Newley withHenry Mancini;Johnny Mathis and the Miracles;The 5th Dimension; andRaphael.^[71] The17th Annual Grammy Awards were presented at the Uris in March 1975,^[75] and the Dance Theatre of Harlem performed at the theater that May.^[76]Frank Sinatra,Ella Fitzgerald, andCount Basie had a limited concert appearance that September,^[77][78] and the Houston Grand Opera Association presented the operaTreemonisha the next month.^[79][80] This was followed by performances from ballet dancersMargot Fonteyn andRudolf Nureyev, singer-songwriterPaul Anka, and theAmerican Ballet Theatre.^[71]

The Dance Theatre of Harlem returned to the theater in March 1976.^[81] TheD'Oyly Carte Opera Company presented threeGilbert and Sullivan operettas at the Uris that May,^[82] followed the next month by a concert appearance fromAl Green andAshford & Simpson.^[83][84] That October, the Houston Grand Opera presented the musicalPorgy and Bess.^[85][86] The theater went back to hosting concerts, with appearances byBing Crosby andBarry Manilow in December 1976.^[71] The Dance Theatre of Harlem canceled a planned 1977 season at the Uris due to a financial deficit.^[87] Instead, Nureyev returned in March 1977 for a ballet performance,^[88][89] andBéjart: Ballet of the Twentieth Century performed the same month.^[90][91] The musicalThe King and I, withYul Brynner andConstance Towers, opened in May 1977^[92][93] and ran for 719 performances, becoming the theater's longest-running show.^[94] Another long-lasting show wasStephen Sondheim andHugh Wheeler's musicalSweeney Todd withAngela Lansbury, which opened in March 1979^[94][95] and ran for 557 performances over the next year.^[96]

In 1980, the Uris mostly hosted performances by ballet companies.^[97] The following January, theNew York Shakespeare Festival produced Gilbert & Sullivan'sThe Pirates of Penzance,^[98][99] which relocated to the Minskoff in August 1981.^[100] This was followed immediately afterward by a revival of Lerner and Loewe'sMy Fair Lady, withRex Harrison,^[97][101] which lasted 124 performances.^[102][103] That November, the musicalAnnie transferred to the Uris;^[97][104] it ran for over a year, concluding its run of 2,377 performances there.^[105][106] Next, Nureyev performed with theBoston Ballet in early 1983,^[97][107] and the Houston Grand Opera presentedJerome Kern andOscar Hammerstein II's musicalShow Boat that April.^[108][109] At that time,Tony Awards producerAlexander H. Cohen announced that the37th Tony Awards ceremony would be hosted there and that the Uris would be renamed after musical-writing brothersIra andGeorge Gershwin.^[110] During the ceremony on June 5, 1983, the theater was rededicated.^[111][112]Show Boat closed shortly thereafter^[113][114] and was followed in July byMame, featuring Lansbury.^[115][116]

The Gershwin hosted a memorial for Ira Gershwin after he died in August 1983, two months after the theater's renaming.^[117] The theater continued to face issues with booking extended runs of large musicals. In January 1984, Nederlander announced he would again use it as a concert hall for a year.^[118] This time, the theater hosted performances fromShirley MacLaine;^[119][120]Twyla Tharp;^[121][122] Rudolf Nureyev;^[123][124] andGladys Knight & the Pips withKashif.^[125][126] In addition, the theater hosted the38th Tony Awards in June 1984.^[127] TheRoyal Shakespeare Company presentedMuch Ado about Nothing andCyrano de Bergerac inrepertory for ten weeks starting in October 1984.^[97][128] The theater was acoustically modified for these plays, as it was the first time the theater had hostedstraight plays.^[128] This was followed in early 1985 by concert appearances fromPatti LaBelle^[129][130] andSmokey Robinson.^[131][132] Next, the musicalSingin' in the Rain opened in July 1985^[133][134] and ran for 367 performances over the next ten months.^[135][136]

AfterAndrew Lloyd Webber's musicalStarlight Express was announced for the theater in mid-1986,^[137] the theater was renovated to accommodate the technologically complex set.^[138]Starlight opened in March 1987^[139][140] and ran for two years,^[141] closing at a loss.^[142] Afterward, the Nederlanders announced plans to use the Gershwin as a concert hall for the 1989–1990 season. At the time, six of the Nederlanders' nine Broadway theaters were dark, and there was a shortage of new musicals.^[143] Only one live performance happened this time:^[144] a set of concerts by Barry Manilow in mid-1989.^[145][146] That November, the musical comedyMeet Me in St. Louis opened,^[147] running for 253 performances.^[148][149]

The concert specialBugs Bunny on Broadway appeared briefly in late 1990,^[150][151] followed by a revival of the musicalFiddler on the Roof.^[152][153] A special appearance by theMoscow Circus then opened at the Gershwin in late 1991.^[154][155] The musicalGrand Hotel moved to the Gershwin in February 1992,^[144][156] ending a run of over 1,000 performances there.^[157][158] The Gershwin hosted the46th Tony Awards in June 1992,^[159] and the theater hosted a $1 million launch party that October forWindows for Workgroups.^[160] This was followed by concert appearances fromTommy Tune in December 1992,^[161][162]Raffi in April 1993,^[163][164] andYanni in June 1993.^[165][166] The theater was renovated in mid-1993^[10] prior to its hosting the47th Tony Awards.^[167]

A revival of Lerner and Loewe'sCamelot opened in June 1993^[168][169] and ran for two months.^[170] The musicalThe Red Shoes opened that December,^[171][172] but it was one of Broadway's biggest flops, closing after three days at a loss of $8 million.^[173] By the mid-1990s, there was high competition for large Broadway houses.^[174] Less than a week afterThe Red Shoes closed, production companyLivent booked a revival ofShow Boat for the theater.^[175] The theater once again hosted the48th Tony Awards in 1994.^[176] The awards ceremonies subsequently relocated toRadio City Music Hall, as that theater was much larger (allowing the public to attend) and did not require shutting down Broadway productions.^[177]Show Boat opened in October 1994^[178][179] and ran for 949 performances over two years.^[180]

Following this, in January 1997,John Gray performed a monologue of his bookMen Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus.^[181][182] Livent's revival of the operettaCandide opened that April.^[183][184] and ran for 103 performances.^[185][186] TheRoundabout Theatre Company then transferred the musical1776, its most popular production, to the Gershwin that November,^[187] where it ran until June 1998.^[188][189] The New York Shakespeare Festival's production of the musicalOn the Town opened at the Gershwin in November 1998,^[190][191] but it was unprofitable and closed after 65 performances.^[192][193] The Gershwin also hosted the53rd Tony Awards in 1999,^[194] since Radio City Music Hall was undergoing renovation.^[195][196] Also in 1999, the theater hosted the musicalsPeter Pan^[197] andTango Argentino.^[198][199]

The dance revueRiverdance on Broadway opened at the Gershwin in March 2000,^[200][201] running for 605 performances through the following August.^[202] AfterRiverdance closed, theRodgers and Hammerstein musicalOklahoma! was booked at the Gershwin.^[203] Additionally,Linda Eder performed at the theater at the end of 2001.^[204][205]Oklahoma! opened in March 2002^[206][207] and ran for 388 performances for the next year.^[208][209] ForOklahoma!, the first five rows of seats in the orchestra level were removed to make way for a temporary thrust stage.^[210] In June 2002, the theater hosted a party celebrating what would have been the 100th birthday ofRichard Rodgers, one of the composers ofOklahoma!.^[211]

The next production at the Gershwin Theatre wasStephen Schwartz's musicalWicked, which opened in October 2003.^[212][213]David Stone, one ofWicked's producers, was initially reluctant to book the Gershwin because of the theater's reputation for short-lived productions, as well as its size.^[214] Despite initial negative reviews,Wicked became so popular that it continued at the Gershwin indefinitely.^[215] The theater's large seating capacity also turned out to be suitable for the musical's popularity.^[214] As part of a settlement with theUnited States Department of Justice in 2014, the Nederlanders agreed to improve disabled access at their nine Broadway theaters, including the Gershwin.^[216][217]Wicked was still playing when the theaterclosed on March 12, 2020, due to theCOVID-19 pandemic.^[218] The theater reopened on September 14, 2021, with performances ofWicked.^[219][220]

Productions are listed by the year of their first performance.^[11][12]

WhenStarlight Express opened in 1987, it had the highest single-week gross of any show in both the Gershwin Theatre's history and Broadway history.Starlight Express broke this record several times,^[248] ultimately grossing $617,022 during the last week of 1987.^[142]Fiddler on the Roof set the record for the highest number of tickets sold for a Broadway production in a single week during the last week of 1990. From October 4 to 9, 1994,Show Boat sold $842,636 worth of tickets. This was the highest single-week ticket sale for any Broadway production, in terms of monetary profit, as well as the second-highest in number of tickets sold.^[249]

Wicked set the box office record for the Gershwin Theatre multiple times.^[250][251] In 2010, the musical became the first Broadway show to gross over $2 million in a single week.^[214]Wicked held the record for the highest single-week gross of any Broadway show from its opening until 2011, when the musicalSpider-Man: Turn Off the Dark earned $58 more during a single week (both shows had earned $1.5 million).^[252] The theater's current record was set in 2024, whenWicked grossed $5,037,392 over nine performances for the week ending December 29, 2024. This also marked the first time any Broadway show had ever grossed over $5 million in a single week.^[253][254]

• List of Broadway theaters

• Botto, Louis; Mitchell, Brian Stokes (2002).At This Theatre: 100 Years of Broadway Shows, Stories and Stars. New York; Milwaukee, WI: Applause Theatre & Cinema Books/Playbill.ISBN 978-1-55783-566-6.
• Bloom, Ken (2007).The Routledge Guide to Broadway (1st ed.). New York: Routledge.ISBN 978-0-415-97380-9.

• Official website
• Gershwin Theatre at theInternet Broadway Database

• 1972 establishments in New York City
• Art Nouveau architecture in New York City
• Art Nouveau theatres
• Broadway theatres
• Nederlander Organization
• Theatres completed in 1972

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