Movatterモバイル変換

German submarineU-437

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

German World War II submarine

History

Nazi Germany
Name	U-437
Ordered	16 October 1939
Builder	Schichau-Werke,Danzig
Yard number	1479
Laid down	16 April 1940
Launched	26 July 1941
Commissioned	25 October 1941
Fate	Damaged by British bombs in Norway on 4 October 1944 Stricken on 5 October 1944 Broken up in 1946
General characteristics
Class & type	Type VIIC submarine
Displacement	769tonnes (757long tons) surfaced 871 t (857 long tons) submerged
Length	67.10 m (220 ft 2 in)o/a 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in)pressure hull
Beam	6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Height	9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught	4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Installed power	2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels) 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric)
Propulsion	2 shafts 2 ×diesel engines 2 ×electric motors
Speed	17.7knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range	8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth	230 m (750 ft) Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement	4 officers, 40–56 enlisted
Armament	5 × 53.3 cm (21 in)torpedo tubes (four bow, one stern) 14 ×torpedoes 1 ×8.8 cm (3.46 in) deck gun (220 rounds) 1 x2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 AA gun
Service record^[1]
Part of:	6th U-boat Flotilla 25 October 1941 – 5 October 1944
Identification codes:	M 36 400
Commanders:	Kptlt. Werner-Karl Schultz 25 October 1941 – 20 December 1942 Kptlt. Hermann Lanby 21 December 1942 – 5 October 1944
Operations:	11 patrols: 1st patrol: 4 – 16 April 1942 2nd patrol: 29 April – 18 May 1942 3rd patrol: 6 June – 12 August 1942 4th patrol: 17 September – 15 November 1942 5th patrol: 4 February – 5 March 1943 6th patrol: 26 – 30 April 1943 7th patrol a. 24 – 25 July 1943 b. 1 – 3 August 1943 c. 18 – 19 September 1943 d. 23 – 25 September 1943 e. 26 September – 19 November 1943 8th patrol: a. 20 – 22 January 1943 b. 29 – 31 January 1944 c. 2 February – 3 April 1944 9th patrol: 6 – 15 June 1944 10th patrol: 9 – 13 August 1944 11th patrol: 23 August – 21 September 1944
Victories:	None

German submarineU-437 was aType VIIC U-boat ofNazi Germany'sKriegsmarine duringWorld War II. She carried out eleven patrols, but sank no ships. She was a member of sixteenwolfpacks. She was damaged by British bombs in Norway on 4 October 1944 and stricken; she wasbroken up in 1946.

Design

[edit]

German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorterType VIIB submarines.U-437 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.^[2] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), apressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), abeam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and adraught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by twoGermaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylindersupercharged diesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, twoAEG GU 460/8–27double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft)propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).^[2]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).^[2] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).U-437 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in)torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteentorpedoes, one8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and a2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had acomplement of between forty-four and sixty.^[2]

Service history

[edit]

The submarine waslaid down on 16 April 1940 atSchichau-Werke inDanzig (now Gdansk) as yard number 1479,launched on 26 July 1941 andcommissioned on 25 October under the command ofKapitänleutnant Werner-Karl Schultze.

She served with the6th U-boat Flotilla from 25 October 1941 for training and stayed with that organization from 1 April 1942 until 5 October 1944.

First patrol

[edit]

U-436's first patrol was fromKiel in Germany and took in the Atlantic Ocean, which she reached via thegap separating theFaroe andShetland Islands. She arrived atSt. Nazaire in occupied France on 16 April 1942. (She would continue to use this port for almost the rest of her career).

Second, third, fourth and fifth patrols

[edit]

The boat's second sortie was as far as northwest of theAzores, but produced no results.

Her third foray took her to theCaribbean Sea and at 68 days, was her longest.

Patrol number four was relatively uneventful. It terminated at St. Nazaire on 15 November 1942.

U-436's fifth patrol was north of the Azores.

Sixth patrol

[edit]

Her sixth effort was marked by an attack by aLeigh Light equippedVickers Wellington ofNo. 172 Squadron RAF in theBay of Biscay on 23 April 1943. Damage was extensive enough thatU-437 was assisted back to base byU-455.

Seventh patrol

[edit]

U-437's seventh patrol was divided into a series of short voyages, with the exception of the last part; but success continued to elude her.

Eighth patrol

[edit]

It was a similar story for her eighth outing.

Ninth and tenth patrols

[edit]

For the boat's ninth patrol, she did not leave the Bay of Biscay.

Following the Allied advance afterD-Day,U-437 moved toBordeaux after her tenth sortie.

Eleventh patrol

[edit]

Reversing the course of her first patrol, including the Iceland/Faroes 'gap', the submarine arrived atBergen in Norway on 21 September 1944.

Fate

[edit]

U-437 was damaged by British bombs in Bergen on 4 October 1944; she was stricken a day later. She wasbroken up in 1946.

Wolfpacks

[edit]

U-437 took part in 16wolfpacks, namely:

Endrass (12 – 17 June 1942)
Blitz (22 – 26 September 1942)
Tiger (26 – 30 September 1942)
Luchs (1 – 6 October 1942)
Panther (6 – 12 October 1942)
Leopard (12 – 19 October 1942)
Veilchen (27 October – 4 November 1942)
Robbe (16 – 20 February 1943)
Rossbach (6 – 9 October 1943)
Schlieffen (14 – 22 October 1943)
Siegfried (22 – 27 October 1943)
Siegfried 2 (27 – 30 October 1943)
Jahn (30 October – 2 November 1943)
Igel 2 (15 – 17 February 1944)
Hai 1 (17 – 22 February 1944)
Preussen (22 February – 22 March 1944

References

[edit]

^Helgason, Guðmundur."The Type VIIC boat U-437".German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved20 September 2012.
^^a ^b ^c ^dGröner 1991, pp. 43–46.

Bibliography

[edit]

Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999).German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press.ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999).Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler.ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991).U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press.ISBN 0-85177-593-4.

External links

[edit]

Helgason, Guðmundur."The Type VIIC boat U-437".German U-boats of WWII – uboat.net. Retrieved26 December 2014.

v t e Type VII submarines
Type VIIA	U-27 U-28 U-29 U-30 U-31 U-32 U-33 U-34 U-35 U-36
Type VIIB	U-45 U-46 U-47 U-48 U-49 U-50 U-51 U-52 U-53 U-54 U-55 U-73 U-74 U-75 U-76 U-83 U-84 U-85 U-86 U-87 U-99 U-100 U-101 U-102
Type VIIC	U-69 U-70 U-71 U-72 U-77 U-78 U-79 U-80 U-81 U-82 U-88 U-89 U-90 U-91 U-92 U-93 U-94 U-95 U-96 U-97 U-98 U-132 U-133 U-134 U-135 U-136 U-201 U-202 U-203 U-204 U-205 U-206 U-207 U-208 U-209 U-210 U-211 U-212 U-221 U-222 U-223 U-224 U-225 U-226 U-227 U-228 U-229 U-230 U-231 U-232 U-235 U-236 U-237 U-238 U-239 U-240 U-241 U-242 U-243 U-244 U-245 U-246 U-247 U-248 U-249 U-250 U-251 U-252 U-253 U-254 U-255 U-256 U-257 U-258 U-259 U-260 U-261 U-262 U-263 U-264 U-265 U-266 U-267 U-268 U-269 U-270 U-271 U-272 U-273 U-274 U-275 U-276 U-277 U-278 U-279 U-280 U-281 U-282 U-283 U-284 U-285 U-286 U-287 U-288 U-289 U-290 U-291 U-301 U-302 U-303 U-304 U-305 U-306 U-307 U-308 U-309 U-310 U-311 U-312 U-313 U-314 U-315 U-316 U-331 U-332 U-333 U-334 U-335 U-336 U-337 U-338 U-339 U-340 U-341 U-342 U-343 U-344 U-345 U-346 U-347 U-348 U-349 U-350 U-351 U-352 U-353 U-354 U-355 U-356 U-357 U-358 U-359 U-360 U-361 U-362 U-363 U-364 U-365 U-366 U-367 U-368 U-369 U-370 U-371 U-372 U-373 U-374 U-375 U-376 U-377 U-378 U-379 U-380 U-381 U-382 U-383 U-384 U-385 U-386 U-387 U-388 U-389 U-390 U-391 U-392 U-393 U-394 U-396 U-397 U-398 U-399 U-400 U-401 U-402 U-403 U-404 U-405 U-406 U-407 U-408 U-409 U-410 U-411 U-412 U-413 U-414 U-415 U-416 U-417 U-418 U-419 U-420 U-421 U-422 U-423 U-424 U-425 U-426 U-427 U-428 U-429 U-430 U-431 U-432 U-433 U-434 U-435 U-436 U-437 U-438 U-439 U-440 U-441 U-442 U-443 U-444 U-445 U-446 U-447 U-448 U-449 U-450 U-451 U-452 U-453 U-454 U-455 U-456 U-457 U-458 U-465 U-466 U-467 U-468 U-469 U-470 U-471 U-472 U-473 U-475 U-476 U-477 U-478 U-479 U-480 U-481 U-482 U-483 U-484 U-485 U-486 U-551 U-552 U-553 U-554 U-555 U-556 U-557 U-558 U-559 U-560 U-561 U-562 U-563 U-564 U-565 U-566 U-567 U-568 U-569 U-570 U-571 U-572 U-573 U-574 U-575 U-576 U-577 U-578 U-579 U-580 U-581 U-582 U-583 U-584 U-585 U-586 U-587 U-588 U-589 U-590 U-591 U-592 U-593 U-594 U-595 U-596 U-597 U-598 U-599 U-600 U-601 U-602 U-603 U-604 U-605 U-606 U-607 U-608 U-609 U-610 U-611 U-612 U-613 U-614 U-615 U-616 U-617 U-618 U-619 U-620 U-621 U-622 U-623 U-624 U-625 U-626 U-627 U-628 U-629 U-630 U-631 U-632 U-633 U-634 U-635 U-636 U-637 U-638 U-639 U-640 U-641 U-642 U-643 U-644 U-645 U-646 U-647 U-648 U-649 U-650 U-651 U-652 U-653 U-654 U-655 U-656 U-657 U-658 U-659 U-660 U-661 U-662 U-663 U-664 U-665 U-666 U-667 U-668 U-669 U-670 U-671 U-672 U-673 U-674 U-675 U-676 U-677 U-678 U-679 U-680 U-681 U-682 U-683 U-701 U-702 U-703 U-704 U-705 U-706 U-707 U-708 U-709 U-710 U-711 U-712 U-713 U-714 U-715 U-716 U-717 U-718 U-719 U-720 U-721 U-722 U-731 U-732 U-733 U-734 U-735 U-736 U-737 U-738 U-739 U-740 U-741 U-742 U-743 U-744 U-745 U-746 U-747 U-748 U-749 U-750 U-751 U-752 U-753 U-754 U-755 U-756 U-757 U-758 U-759 U-760 U-761 U-762 U-763 U-764 U-765 U-766 U-767 U-768 U-771 U-772 U-773 U-774 U-775 U-776 U-777 U-778 U-779 U-821 U-822 U-825 U-826 U-901 U-903 U-904 U-905 U-907 U-921 U-922 U-923 U-924 U-925 U-926 U-927 U-928 U-951 U-952 U-953 U-954 U-955 U-956 U-957 U-958 U-959 U-960 U-961 U-962 U-963 U-964 U-965 U-966 U-967 U-968 U-969 U-970 U-971 U-972 U-973 U-974 U-975 U-976 U-977 U-978 U-979 U-980 U-981 U-982 U-983 U-984 U-985 U-986 U-987 U-988 U-989 U-990 U-991 U-992 U-993 U-994 U-1051 U-1052 U-1053 U-1054 U-1055 U-1056 U-1057 U-1058 U-1101 U-1102 U-1131 U-1132 U-1161 U-1162 U-1191 U-1192 U-1193 U-1194 U-1195 U-1196 U-1197 U-1198 U-1199 U-1200 U-1201 U-1202 U-1203 U-1204 U-1205 U-1206 U-1207 U-1208 U-1209 U-1210
Type VIIC/41	U-292 U-293 U-294 U-295 U-296 U-297 U-298 U-299 U-300 U-317 U-318 U-319 U-320 U-321 U-322 U-323 U-324 U-325 U-326 U-327 U-328 U-691 U-827 U-828 U-929 U-930 U-995 U-997 U-998 U-999 U-1000 U-1001 U-1002 U-1003 U-1004 U-1005 U-1006 U-1007 U-1008 U-1009 U-1010 U-1011 U-1013 U-1014 U-1015 U-1016 U-1017 U-1018 U-1019 U-1020 U-1021 U-1022 U-1023 U-1024 U-1025 U-1063 U-1064 U-1065 U-1103 U-1104 U-1105 U-1106 U-1107 U-1108 U-1109 U-1110 U-1163 U-1164 U-1165 U-1166 U-1167 U-1168 U-1169 U-1170 U-1171 U-1172 U-1271 U-1272 U-1273 U-1274 U-1275 U-1276 U-1277 U-1278 U-1279 U-1301 U-1302 U-1303 U-1304 U-1305 U-1306 U-1307 U-1308
Type VIID	U-213 U-214 U-215 U-216 U-217 U-218
Type VIIF	U-1059 U-1060 U-1061 U-1062
Preceded by:Type II Followed by:Type IX List of U-boats of Germany

v t e Shipwrecks and maritime incidents in October 1944
Shipwrecks	3 Oct:I-177,USS Seawolf,USS Shelton 4 Oct:HMCS Chebogue,U-228,U-993 5 Oct:Sparviero 6 Oct:Cha-2,U-168 7 Oct:TA37 10 Oct:Ha-61,Ha-62,Ha-63,Ha-65,Ha-66,Ha-68,Kaii,Jingei,U-2331 12 Oct:Gyoun Maru 15 Oct:U-777,V 1605 Mosel 16 Oct:U-1006 17 Oct:Itsukushima 18 Oct:HMAS Geelong 19 Oct:Juan Casiano 23 Oct:Atago,Kimikawa Maru,Maya,V.5506 Zick 24 Oct:Arisan Maru,USS Darter,Musashi,USS Princeton,USS Shark,USS Sonoma,U-673,Wakaba 25 Oct:Akizuki,Asagumo,Chikuma,Chitose,Chiyoda,Chōkai,Fusō,USS Gambier Bay,Hakuyo Maru,Hatsuzuki,USS Hoel,USS Johnston,Michishio,Mogami,USS Samuel B. Roberts,HMCS Skeena,USS St. Lo,Suzuya,Tama,USS Tang,Wakaba,Yamagumo,Yamashiro,Zuihō,Zuikaku 26 Oct:Abukuma,Hayashimo,I-26,Kinu,Noshiro,Nowaki,Uranami 27 Oct:Fujinami,Shiranui,U-1060 29 Oct:I-45,USS Eversole Unknown date:USS Escolar,I-46,I-54,U-1226
Other incidents	3 Oct:USS Stingray 4 Oct:I-361,USS Mingo,U-92,U-437 8 Oct:HMCS Mulgrave 9 Oct:USS Cogswell,USS Flying Fish 11 Oct:USS Blower,USSPC-1145 12 Oct:HMS Loyal 14 Oct:HMCS Magog 15 Oct:Amazone,Leipzig 16 Oct:Externsteine 17 Oct:USS Montgomery 19 Oct:U-957 23 Oct:U-985 24 Oct:U-382 29 Oct:I-12 Late Oct:USS Crevalle
194319441945 September 1944November 1944

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_submarine_U-437&oldid=1219237057"

Categories:

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭