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German submarineU-352

Coordinates:34°13.67′N76°33.89′W / 34.22783°N 76.56483°W /34.22783; -76.56483
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
German World War II submarine

Kapitänleutnant Rathke painted thiswatercolor ofU-352 while held as aPOW.
History
Nazi Germany
NameU-352
Ordered9 October 1939
BuilderFlensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft,Flensburg
Yard number471
Laid down11 March 1940
Launched7 May 1941
Commissioned28 August 1941
FateSunk on 9 May 1942
General characteristics
Class & typeType VIICsubmarine
Displacement
Length
Beam
  • 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in) o/a
  • 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) pressure hull
Height9.60 m (31 ft 6 in)
Draught4.74 m (15 ft 7 in)
Installed power
  • 2,800–3,200 PS (2,100–2,400 kW; 2,800–3,200 bhp) (diesels)
  • 750 PS (550 kW; 740 shp) (electric)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) surfaced
  • 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph) submerged
Range
  • 8,500 nmi (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) surfaced
  • 80 nmi (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth
  • 230 m (750 ft)
  • Crush depth: 250–295 m (820–968 ft)
Complement4 officers, 40–56 enlisted
Armament
Service record[1][2]
Part of:
Identification codes:M 00 518
Commanders:
  • Kptlt. Hellmut Rathke
  • 28 August 1941 – 9 May 1942
Operations:
  • 2 patrols:
  • 1st patrol:
  • a. 15 – 19 January 1942
  • b. 20 January – 26 February 1942
  • 2nd patrol:
  • 7 April – 9 May 1942
Victories:None
U-352 (submarine) shipwreck and remains
Nearest cityBeaufort, North Carolina
MPSWorld War II Shipwrecks along the East Coast and Gulf of Mexico MPS
NRHP reference No.15000804
Added to NRHP12 November 2015

German submarineU-352 was aType VIICU-boat ofNazi Germany'sKriegsmarine duringWorld War II. The submarine waslaid down on 11 March 1940, at theFlensburger Schiffbau-Gesellschaft yard atFlensburg,launched on 7 May 1941, andcommissioned on 28 August 1941, under the command ofKapitänleutnant Hellmut Rathke. She was part of the3rd U-boat Flotilla, and was ready for front-line service by 1 January 1942.[1]

Design

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German Type VIIC submarines were preceded by the shorterType VIIB submarines.U-352 had a displacement of 769 tonnes (757 long tons) when at the surface and 871 tonnes (857 long tons) while submerged.[3] She had a total length of 67.10 m (220 ft 2 in), apressure hull length of 50.50 m (165 ft 8 in), abeam of 6.20 m (20 ft 4 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and adraught of 4.74 m (15 ft 7 in). The submarine was powered by twoGermaniawerft F46 four-stroke, six-cylindersuperchargeddiesel engines producing a total of 2,800 to 3,200 metric horsepower (2,060 to 2,350 kW; 2,760 to 3,160 shp) for use while surfaced, twoAEG GU 460/8–27double-acting electric motors producing a total of 750 metric horsepower (550 kW; 740 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.23 m (4 ft)propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[3]

The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 17.7 knots (32.8 km/h; 20.4 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.6 knots (14.1 km/h; 8.7 mph).[3] When submerged, the boat could operate for 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 8,500 nautical miles (15,700 km; 9,800 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph).U-352 was fitted with five 53.3 cm (21 in)torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and one at the stern), fourteentorpedoes, one8.8 cm (3.46 in) SK C/35 naval gun, 220 rounds, and a2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had acomplement of between forty-four and sixty.[3]

Service history

[edit]

First patrol

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U-352 leftKiel on 15 January 1942, and arrived atBergen, in Norway, on 19 January.[2] She left the next day and patrolled south ofIceland, without success, before sailing to her new home port atSaint-Nazaire, in France, by 26 February.[4]

Second patrol

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U-352 left St. Nazaire, on 7 April 1942, and sailed across the Atlantic to the north-eastern coast of the United States.[5] There on 9 May 1942, she was sunk bydepth charges from the U.S. Coast Guard cutterIcarus, south ofMorehead City, North Carolina, in position34°13.67′N76°33.89′W / 34.22783°N 76.56483°W /34.22783; -76.56483.[1][6] The crew of theIcarus machine gunned the German submarine when it surfaced, preventing the German crew from manning the deck guns.[7] One survivor, radio operator Kurt Krueger, reported in 1999 thatIcarus departed and then returned 45 minutes later to pick up survivors.[8][9] Fifteen of the crew were lost, but 33 survived and spent the remainder of the war asprisoners.[1]

Wolfpacks

[edit]

U-352 took part in onewolfpack, namely:

  • Hecht (27 January – 4 February 1942)

Dive site

[edit]
Wreck diving on theU-352 in 2008.

The wreck ofU-352 was discovered 26 mi (42 km) south of Morehead City, in 1975, by George Purifoy.[10] She lies in about 115 feet (35 m) of water, and sits at a 45-degree list to starboard. The wreck scatter is within a 100 m (330 ft) radius of location above on a sand bottom.[6] This wreck has become anartificial reef that is heavily populated withHemanthias vivanus.[6] The site was listed on theNational Register of Historic Places in 2015. It is a popular scuba diving spot for advanced divers. A replica of the wreck is on display at theNorth Carolina Aquarium at Pine Knoll Shores.[10]

In media

[edit]
  • "Reunion," a 1992 episode of thePBS television seriesReturn to the Sea, tells the story of the sinking ofU-352, includes footage of her wreck and 1992 interviews with crewmen fromU-352 andIcarus, and documents a memorial service for the crew ofU-352 over the site of her wreck on May 9, 1992, the 50th anniversary of her sinking.

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcdHelgason, Guðmundur."The Type VIIC U-boatU-352".German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved1 June 2010.
  2. ^abHelgason, Guðmundur."War Patrols by German U-boatU-352".German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved1 June 2010.
  3. ^abcdGröner 1991, pp. 43–46.
  4. ^Helgason, Guðmundur."Patrol of U-boatU-352 from 20 Jan 1942 to 26 Feb 1942".German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved1 June 2010.
  5. ^Helgason, Guðmundur."Patrol of U-boatU-352 from 7 Apr 1942 to 9 May 1942".German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved1 June 2010.
  6. ^abcHoyt, JC (2009)."2008 Battle of the Atlantic Survey Methodology".In: Pollock NW, ed. Diving for Science 2009. Proceedings of the American Academy of Underwater Sciences 28th Symposium. Dauphin Island, AL: AAUS; 2009. Archived from the original on 16 April 2013. Retrieved8 March 2013.
  7. ^"U-boat Archive : FINAL REPORT OF INTERROGATION OF SURVIVORS FROM U-352 SUNK BY U.S.C.G.ICARUS ON MAY 9, 1942".uboatarchive.net. Archived fromthe original on 8 November 2007. Retrieved7 October 2007.
  8. ^"German sub sank near U.S." The Augusta Chronicle. Archived fromthe original on 2 March 2017. Retrieved11 August 2015.
  9. ^"DIVELOG 1.12 - WWII German UBoats".YouTube/RickAllen NP. Nautilus Productions. 25 February 2012. Retrieved10 May 2023.
  10. ^abMyers, Robby (22 October 2017)."History of North Carolina's U-352 Shipwreck". Retrieved30 June 2018.

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999).German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press.ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999).Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler.ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
  • Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991).German Warships 1815–1945, U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press.ISBN 0-85177-593-4.

External links

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