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Gerabronn developed from a village, which was supposedly founded in the 10th century. Originally namedGerhiltebrunnen (well of Gerhilt), it was also called Gerolzbrunn, Geroldbrunn, Gerltbrunn or Gerhartsbrunn, until in the 17th century the current name became common. The village was first mentioned in a 1226feud letter, when the area came under the control of the Bishop ofWürzburg.
Until the 19th century Gerabronn was only a village; thereafter it became a town (Oberamtsstadt) in 1811 it was responsible for the administration of the surrounding area. Industrialization and a connection to the railway further helped the growth of the town. In 1938 theAmt was dissolved and became part of the county of Crailsheim, which in 1972 was included into the county of Schwäbisch Hall. In 1972–75, the previously independent municipalities of Amlishagen, Dünsbach and Michelbach/Heide, as well as Ober- and Unterweiler from the municipality of Wittenweiler, were included into the town.
From 1972 until 1975, the municipalities ofAmlishagen,Dünsbach and Michelbach/Heide as well as Oberweiler und Unterweiler from themunicipality of Wittenweiler were annexed following the municipal reform.
The coat of arms shows the quartered black-and-white shield of theHohenzollern family, who were the Viscounts of Nürnberg when the coat of arms was granted to the town in 1545. To distinguish the coats of arms of the family and the town two vaulting horses were added, as horse breeding was popular in the town historically. Originally the horses were displayed on the black quarters, but in 1902 they were placed on the silver quarters, the design being made official in 1953.