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Georgy Yakovlevich Sedov (Russian:Гео́ргий Я́ковлевич Седо́в; 5 May [O.S. 23 April] 1877 – 5 March [O.S. 20 February] 1914) was a RussianArctic explorer.
Sedov was born in the village of Krivaya Kosa ofTaganrog district (nowNovoazovskyi Raion,Donetsk Oblast) to a fisherman's family. In 1898, he finished navigation courses inRostov-on-Don and acquired the rank of long voyagenavigator. In 1901, he took an external degree at a naval college, passed all the exams, and was promoted to the rank oflieutenant.
From 1902 to 1903, Sedov participated in ahydrographic expedition in theArctic Ocean. In 1905, during theRusso-Japanese War, he was in charge of atorpedo boat. In 1909, he led the expedition that would later describe the mouth of theKolyma River. The following year, Sedov explored the Krestovaya Bay onNovaya Zemlya.
In 1912, he proposed asleigh expedition for reaching theNorth Pole. TheTsarist government refused to finance this project and the expedition was organized with help from independent sources. On August 14 (27), 1912, Sedov's shipSvyatoy Muchenik Foka (Saint Phocas the Martyr) leftArkhangelsk and had to stay for the winter near Novaya Zemlya because of impassable ice. The expedition reachedFranz Josef Land only in August 1913; however, it had to stay for the second winter in theTikhaya Bay due to lack of coal.
On February 2 (15), 1914, Sedov (already sick withscurvy) and his accompanying seamen G. Linnik and A. Pustotniy set off for the North Pole with their draft dogs. Before reachingRudolf Island, Sedov died at sea and was buried at Cape Auk on the island. On the way back, at Franz Josef Land, theSvyatoy Foka rescued two survivors of theBrusilov expedition, includingValerian Albanov. As part of the search for the Sedov expedition,Jan Nagórski made the first airplane flights over the Arctic, gaining valuable experience for later aeronautical expeditions to the region.
Twogulfs and apeak on Novaya Zemlya, aglacier and a cape on Franz Josef Land, an island in theBarents Sea, and a cape inAntarctica bear Sedov's name. There was also a steamicebreakerGeorgy Sedov. Today, the sail trainingbarqueSTS Sedov bears his name.
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