General Services Administration

Seal of the General Services Administration
Logo of the General Services Administration
Flag of the General Services Administration
Agency overview
Formed	July 1, 1949; 76 years ago (1949-07-01)[1]
Headquarters	GSA Building 1800 F Street NW,Washington, D.C., U.S.
Employees	12,000 (FY 2024)[2]
Annual budget	$61.1 billion (FY 2024)[2]
Agency executives	Michael Rigas, acting administrator Stephen Ehikian, deputy administrator[3]
Child agencies	Public Buildings Service[4] Federal Acquisition Service Staff Offices (12) Independent Offices (2)
Key document	Federal Property and Administrative Services Act of 1949
Website	www.gsa.gov

TheGeneral Services Administration (GSA) is anindependent agency of the United States government established in 1949 to help manage and support the basic functioning offederal agencies. The GSA supplies products and communications for U.S. government offices, provides transportation and office space to federal employees, and develops government-wide cost-minimizing policies and other management tasks.^[5]

The GSA employs about 12,000 federal workers. It has an annual operating budget of roughly $33 billion and oversees $66 billion of procurement annually. It contributes to the management of about $500 billion in U.S. federal property, divided chiefly among 8,397 owned and leased buildings (with a total of 363 million square feet of space)^[6] as well as a 215,000-vehiclemotor pool. Among the real estate assets it manages are theRonald Reagan Building and International Trade Center inWashington, D.C., which is the largest U.S. federal building afterthe Pentagon.

The GSA's business lines include the Federal Acquisition Service (FAS) and the Public Buildings Service (PBS), as well as several Staff Offices including the Office of Government-wide Policy, the Office of Small Business Utilization, and the Office of Mission Assurance. As part of FAS, GSA's Technology Transformation Services (TTS) helps federal agencies improve the delivery of information and services to the public.^[7] Initiatives include thePresidential Innovation Fellows program,18F,Login.gov, Cloud.gov,FedRAMP, theUSAGov platform (USA.gov,GobiernoUSA.gov),Data.gov, Challenge.gov, theU.S. Web Design System, and I.T. Modernization Centers of Excellence.

The GSA is a member of theProcurement G6, an informal group leading the use offramework agreements ande-procurement instruments inpublic procurement.

In 1947, PresidentHarry Truman asked former presidentHerbert Hoover to lead what became known as theHoover Commission to make recommendations to reorganize the operations of the federal government. One of the commission's recommendations was the establishment of an "Office of the General Services", to combine the responsibilities of the following organizations:^{[citation needed]}

• United States Department of the Treasury's Bureau of Federal Supply
• U.S. Treasury Department's Office of Contract Settlement
• National Archives Establishment
• All functions of theFederal Works Agency, including the Public Buildings Administration and the Public Roads Administration
• War Assets Administration

GSA became an independent agency on July 1, 1949, after the passage of theFederal Property and Administrative Services Act. GeneralJess Larson, administrator of theWar Assets Administration, was named GSA's first administrator.^{[citation needed]}

The first job awaiting Administrator Larson and the newly formed GSA was a complete renovation of theWhite House. The structure had fallen into such a state of disrepair by 1949 that one inspector said it was standing "purely from habit". Larson later explained the total renovation in depth by saying, "In order to make the White House structurally sound, it was necessary to completely dismantle, and I mean completely dismantle, everything from the White House except the four walls, which were constructed of stone. Everything, except the four walls without a roof, was finally stripped down, and that's where the work started." GSA worked closely with President Truman and First LadyBess Truman to ensure that the new agency's first major project would be a success. GSA completed the renovation in 1952.^[8]

In 1960, GSA created the Federal Telecommunications System, a government-wide intercity telephone system. In 1962 the Ad Hoc Committee on Federal Office Space created a new building program to address obsolete office buildings in Washington, D.C., resulting in the construction of many of the offices that now lineIndependence Avenue.^[9]

In 1970, the Nixon administration created the Consumer Product Information Coordinating Center, now part ofUSAGov. In 1974 the Federal Buildings Fund was initiated, allowing GSA to issue rent bills to federal agencies. In 1972 GSA established the Automated Data and Telecommunications Service, which later became the Office of Information Resources Management. In 1973 GSA created the Office of Federal Management Policy. GSA's Office of Acquisition Policy centralizedprocurement policy in 1978. GSA was initially responsible foremergency preparedness and stockpiling strategic materials to be used in wartime until those functions were transferred to the newly createdFederal Emergency Management Agency in 1979.^[9]

In 1984, GSA introduced the federal government to the use ofcharge cards, known as the GSA SmartPay system.^[10] The National Archives and Records Administration was spun off into an independent agency in 1985. The same year, GSA began providing government-wide policy oversight and guidance for federal real property management as a result of an executive order signed by PresidentRonald Reagan.^[9]

In 1986, GSA headquarters,U.S. General Services Administration Building, located atEighteenth and F Streets, NW, was listed on theNational Register of Historic Places, at the time serving as Interior Department offices.^[11]

In 2003, theFederal Protective Service, which secures GSA-managed (and other) buildings, was moved to theUnited States Department of Homeland Security. In 2005, GSA reorganized to merge the Federal Supply Service (FSS) and Federal Technology Service (FTS) business lines into the Federal Acquisition Service (FAS).^[12]

On April 3, 2009, PresidentBarack Obama nominatedMartha N. Johnson to serve as GSA Administrator. After a nine-month delay, theUnited States Senate confirmed her nomination on February 4, 2010. On April 2, 2012, Johnson resigned in the wake of a management-deficiency report that detailed improper payments for a 2010 "Western Regions" training conference held by the Public Buildings Service inLas Vegas.^[13]

In 2013, a result of the Open Government Initiative's instruction for federal agencies to open their activities to the public, GSA developed Data.gov to foster transparency and information sharing. In the same year, GSA also launched the Total Workplace initiative to modernize the workplace of federal agencies and increase efficiency, alongside the Presidential Innovation Fellows and the 18F programs. In 2016, theAcquisition Gateway and Making It Easier programs were launched to assist buyers from federal agencies in acquisitions, and to assist new companies in doing business with the government. Improvements were also made in the deliverance of digital government services with the creation of the Technology Transformation Services.^[14]

After the election of PresidentDonald Trump in January 2025, GSA became one of theUS federal entities targeted by Elon Musk. Members of theDepartment of Government Efficiency accessed GSA laptops and internal GSA infrastructure.^[15] An employee ofElon Musk's companyTesla,Thomas Shedd, was appointed to lead "Technology Transformation Services" within the GSA.^[16]

In July 1991, GSA contractors began the excavation of what is now theTed Weiss Federal Building inNew York City. The planning for that building did not take into account the possibility of encountering the historic cemetery for colonial-era African New Yorkers located beneath the footprint of the $276 million office building. When initial excavation disturbed burials, destroying skeletons and artifacts, GSA sentarchaeologists to excavate—but hid their findings from the public. Revelation of the discoveries led to 18 months of activism by African-descendant community members, public officials, academics, and concerned citizens. Ultimately, GSA made public amends by funding extensive scientific research under the auspices ofMichael Blakey; creating a new subagency, the Office of Public Education and Interpretation; truncating the building plan; and funding public reports on the story of the African Burial Ground. The efforts led to the creation of a new unit of theNational Park Service, theAfrican Burial Ground National Monument, at the facility. GSA fully funded that portion of the National Park Service^[17] until 2010, when GSA's formal involvement with the African Burial Ground ceased.^[18]

During President George W. Bush's Administration GSA Administrator,Lurita Doan, was forced to resign after GSA had awarded a sole source contract for $20,000 to her friend. Doan appeared to have violated theHatch Act and was criticized for political activity while on the job. The investigating team recommended she be punished to the fullest extent, and she resigned soon after.^[19]

In 2012, U.S. representativeJohn Mica, chairman of the House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee, called for a congressional investigation into the misuse of federal money by GSA.^[13] Lawmakers accused GSA of "lavish spending" following the 2010 Western Regions Training Conference at theM Resort inLas Vegas.^[20][21][22]

GSA spent $823,000 in taxpayer money toward the October 2010 convention, including $100,405.37 spent on employee travel costs for a total of eight pre-planning meetings, scouting trips, and a "dry run". The report also found excessive spending for event planners, gifts for participants, and lavish meals.^[23]

The conference had been the most recent in a series of similar lavish conferences organized by regions of GSA's Public Buildings Service (PBS, not to be confused with the public broadcasterof the same name). In May 2010 GSA treated 120 interns to a five-day conference at aPalm Springs, California, resort. An additional investigation led by Inspector General Brian D. Miller found 115 missingApple iPods meant for an employee rewards program.^{[citation needed]}

GSA administratorMartha N. Johnson resigned in the wake of the controversy, after firing Public Buildings Service head Robert Peck and senior advisor Stephen Leeds. Four regional commissioners of the Service, who had been responsible for planning the conference, were placed on administrative leave.^[24]

AfterJoe Biden was called by media outlets as thepresident-elect of the United States – defeatingDonald Trump in theNovember 2020 election – Emily W. Murphy, the chief executive of the General Services Administration, initially refused to sign a letter authorizingBiden's transition team to begin work and access federal agencies andtransition funds, according toThe Washington Post. This came as Trump refused to concede Biden's presumptive – but not yet certified – victory and follow the norm of facilitating apeaceful transition of power to the presumptive winner.^[25] There are no firm rules on how the GSA determines the president-elect. Typically, the GSA chief might decide after reliable news organizations have declared the winner or following aconcession by the loser.^[26] On November 23, 2020, Murphy issued the letter of ascertainment that meant the Trump administration was ready to begin the formal transition.^[27]

In April 2022, the Office of Inspector General (OIG), Office of Inspections, initiated an evaluation of the GSA'sLogin.gov services.^[28] OIG initiated this evaluation based on a notification received from GSA's Office of General Counsel identifying potential misconduct within Login.gov, a component of GSA's Technology Transformation Services (TTS) under the Federal Acquisition Service (FAS). OIG's evaluation found that GSA misled their customer agencies when GSA failed to communicate Login.gov's known noncompliance with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication (SP) 800-63-3, Digital Identity Guidelines.^[29]

Notwithstanding GSA officials' assertions that Login.gov met SP 800-63-3 Identity Assurance Level 2 (IAL2) requirements, Login.gov has never included a physical or biometric comparison for its customer agencies. Further, GSA continued to mislead customer agencies even after GSA suspended efforts to meet SP 800-63-3.GSA knowingly billed IAL2 customer agencies over $10 million for services, including alleged IAL2 services that did not meet IAL2 standards. Furthermore, GSA used misleading language to secure additional funds for Login.gov. Finally, the GSA lacked adequate controls over the Login.gov program and allowed it to operate under a hands-off culture. OIG found that because of its failure to exercise management oversight and internal controls over Login.gov, FAS shares responsibility for the misrepresentations to GSA's customers. In response to OIG's report, GSA management agreed with the findings and recommendations.^{[citation needed]}

The administrator is a presidentialpolitical appointee and the chief executive of the General Services Administration.^[30] On April 12, 2021, PresidentJoe Biden nominatedRobin Carnahan to serve as administrator.^[31] She was confirmed by the US Senate on June 23, 2021.^[32]

The GSA consists of two major services: the Federal Acquisition Service (FAS), and the Public Buildings Service (PBS).^[4] In addition to these two major services, the agency also consists of twelve staff offices and two independent offices. The FAS provides both strategic^[33] and operational support^[34] for the acquisition of goods and services for other federal departments.

The following persons served as administrator of the General Services Administration:^[35]

No.	Image	Administrator	Term start	Term end	Refs.
1		Jess Larson	July 3, 1949	January 29, 1953
Acting		Russell Forbe	February 10, 1953	May 1, 1953
2		Edmund F. Mansure	May 2, 1953	February 29, 1956
3		Franklin G. Floete	May 3, 1956	January 20, 1961
4		John Moore	February 7, 1961	November 25, 1961
5		Bernard L. Boutin	November 27, 1961	November 30, 1964
6		Lawson B. Knott Jr.	December 1, 1965	February 28, 1969
7		Robert Lowe Kunzig	March 17, 1969	January 14, 1972
Acting		Rod Kreger	January 17, 1972	June 1, 1972
8		Arthur F. Sampson	June 2, 1972	October 15, 1975
9		Jack Eckerd	November 21, 1975	February 11, 1977
Acting		Robert Griffin	February 15, 1977	April 29, 1977
10		Jay Solomon	April 30, 1977	March 31, 1979
Acting		Paul Goulding	April 1, 1979	June 29, 1979
11		Rowland G. Freeman III	July 2, 1979	January 14, 1981
Acting		Raymond Adam Kline	January 15, 1981	May 25, 1981
12		Gerald P. Carmen	May 26, 1981	February 29, 1984
Acting		Raymond Adam Kline	March 1, 1984	March 3, 1985
Acting		Dwight Ink	March 4, 1985	June 28, 1985
13		Terence Golden	June 29, 1985	March 18, 1988
Acting		Paul Trause	March 19, 1988	March 31, 1988
Acting		John Alderson	April 1, 1988	September 26, 1988
14		Richard Austin	September 27, 1988	January 20, 1993
Acting		Robert Jones	January 20, 1993	February 3, 1993
Acting		Dennis Fischer	February 4, 1993	June 13, 1993
Acting		Julia Stasch	June 13, 1993	July 7, 1993
15		Roger Johnson	July 8, 1993	February 29, 1996
16		David J. Barram	March 4, 1996	December 15, 2000
Acting		Thurman Davis	December 16, 2000	May 30, 2001
17		Stephen A. Perry	May 31, 2001	October 31, 2005
Acting		David Bibb	November 1, 2005	May 30, 2006
18		Lurita A. Doan	May 31, 2006	April 30, 2008
Acting		David Bibb	May 1, 2008	August 29, 2008
Acting		James A. Williams	August 30, 2008	January 20, 2009
Acting		Paul F. Prouty	January 20, 2009	December 21, 2009
Acting		Stephen R. Leeds	December 22, 2009	February 6, 2010
19		Martha N. Johnson	February 7, 2010	April 2, 2012
Acting		Daniel M. Tangherlini	April 3, 2012	July 4, 2013
20			July 5, 2013	February 21, 2015
Acting		Denise Turner Roth	February 22, 2015	August 6, 2015	[36]
21			August 7, 2015	January 20, 2017	[37]
Acting		Tim Horne	January 20, 2017	December 11, 2017	[38]
22		Emily W. Murphy	December 12, 2017	January 15, 2021	[39][40]
Acting		Alison Brigatti	January 15, 2021	January 20, 2021
Acting		Katy Kale	January 20, 2021	July 2, 2021	[41]
23		Robin Carnahan	July 2, 2021	January 20, 2025	[42][43][44]
Acting		Stephen Ehikian	January 20, 2025	July 21, 2025	[45]
Acting		Michael Rigas	July 21, 2025	Incumbent	[46]

• Office of Government-wide Policy
• Office of the Chief Financial Officer
• Office of Human Resources Management
• Office of GSA IT
• Office of Administrative Services
• Office of Congressional and Intergovernmental Affairs
• Office of Strategic Communication
• Office of Small Business Utilization
• Office of General Counsel
• Office of Civil Rights
• Office of Mission Assurance
• Office of Customer Experience

• Office of Inspector General^[47]
• Civilian Board of Contract Appeals^[48]

The GSA conducts its business activities through 11 offices (known as GSA regions) throughout the United States. These regional offices are located inAtlanta,Boston,Chicago,Denver,Fort Worth,Kansas City (Missouri),New York City,Philadelphia,San Francisco,Seattle (Auburn), andWashington, D.C.

The Federal Acquisition Service (FAS) provides products and services available to federal agencies across the U.S. government.^[49] The GSA assists with procurement work for other government agencies. As part of this effort, it maintains the GSA Schedule Program, which other agencies can use to buy goods and services. The GSA Schedule can be thought of as a collection of pre-negotiated contracts.^[50] Procurement managers from government agencies can view these agreements and make purchases from the GSA Schedule by following the appropriate procedures prescribed by Federal Acquisition Regulation, or FAR, Subpart 8.4.

The GSA Schedule is awarded as a prime contract entered into by the federal government and a vendor that has submitted an acceptable proposal. At the core of the GSA Schedule contract lie two key concepts: 1) Basis of Award customer or group of customers and 2) Price Reduction Clause. The two concepts are applied in concert to achieve the government's pricing objectives for the GSA Schedule program. Namely, the government wants to ensure that when the vendor experiences competitive pressures to reduce its pricing, then the government can benefit from these and be extended reduced pricing as well.^[51]

The Basis of Award customer or group of customers represents the customer or group of customers whose sales are affected on the same terms and conditions as those with GSA, and whose pricing is used: 1) as the baseline during negotiations to establish discounts offered to GSA, and 2) as aprice floor that, when breached, constitutes additional discounting that triggers the Price Reduction Clause.

The Price Reduction Clause ensures that vendor discounting practices and GSA Schedule prices maintain a fixed relationship. The vendor specifies in its GSA proposal, and during negotiations of GSA Schedule contract prices, the discounts to be given to Basis of Award customer(s). If the vendor then provides a larger discount to a Basis of Award customer than what was agreed upon in the GSA Schedule contract (i.e., if the price floor is breached), then the vendor's GSA price will be reduced proportionately and retroactively.^[52]

Effective Price Reduction Clause compliance procedures will protect vendors if their discounting practices are fully and accurately disclosed in their original proposals to GSA and then are used as a basis for compliance over the term of the contract. Although not ideal, a compliance system implemented after a contract has been awarded can bring a contract into compliance, although sometimes at the expense of profits. If implementing a system in the middle of a contract period, inaccuracies that turn up should be corrected immediately, and the GSA contracting officer should be made aware of them. Price Reduction Clause compliance systems and procedures can range from simple to complex. A simple, manual system would be appropriate for a service contractor with standard labor rates that are not discounted. A complex system would be required for areseller with thousands of products and discounting policies that differ among product groups.

In response to increased mandates and standards required by theFederal Government of its agencies and in a push to plan for federal sustainability, GSA offers online tools to aid in the building and management of government offices that are subject to these requirements.^[53]

The GSA has delegated authority to the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to procure medical supplies under the VA Federal Supply Schedules Program.^[54]

In 2018, the GSA awarded federal government debt collection services to IC System.^[55]

The Public Buildings Service (PBS) acquires and manages thousands of federal properties. In accordance withTitle 40 of the United States Code, the GSA is charged with promulgating regulations governing the acquisition, use, and disposal of real property (real estate and land) and personal property (essentially all other property). This activity is centered in the GSA's Office of Governmentwide Policy. Policies promulgated by the GSA are developed in collaboration with federal agencies and are typically published for public comment in the Federal Register before publication as a Final Rule.^{[citation needed]}

The Public Buildings Service provides offices for its customers (I.e., federal agencies) and providesUnited States courthouses at good economies to the American taxpayer.^[56] PBS is funded primarily through the Federal Buildings Fund, which is supported by the rent from federal customer agencies.^[56]

The Office of Property Disposal of the PBS manages the disposal of surplusreal property. The Office is responsible for land, office buildings, warehouses, former post offices, farms, family residences, commercial facilities, and airfields located in the United States, Puerto Rico, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and the U.S. Pacific Territories.^[57] Surplus property is made available to both government and private bidders and, in some cases, land sold for public purposes (such as parks or welfare) may be discounted by up to 100% ofFMV.^[57]

Twenty-four GSAgreen buildings have earnedLEED ratings.^[58] Some green offerings includegreen roofs,^[59]underfloor air distribution,^[60] use ofrenewable power from utility companies, and light shelves (located outside of the building that reduce the amount of heat radiating into the building from the sun while increasing the amount of natural light and high ceilings that help direct daylight deep into the work environment).^[61] TheAmerican Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 made available not less than $4.5 billion for measures necessary to convert GSA facilities to High-Performance Green Buildings, as defined in theEnergy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (Public Law 110-140).

TheDepartment of Energy'sFederal Energy Management Program facilitates the GSA’s implementation under the Act throughproject transaction services, applied technology services, and decision support services, deploying renewable energy technologies and cultivating change to embraceenergy efficiency.^[62]

In 2004, the GSA was presented with theHonor Award from theNational Building Museum for "success in creating and maintaining innovative environments for the federal community as well as providing a positive federal presence for the public".^[63]

This article'sfactual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(November 2010)

The GSA contributes to the management of U.S. Federal property, including a 215,000 vehiclemotor pool.

TheAmerican Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (stimulus bill) included $300 million to acquire energy-efficient motor vehicles for the federal fleet. PresidentBarack Obama announced that the GSA was to support theU.S. auto industry with orders for about 17,600 newfuel-efficient vehicles by June 1, 2009, on an accelerated schedule, with money from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act. GSA was to pay $285 million toGeneral Motors Corporation,Chrysler LLC, andFord Motor Company. It was to include 2,500hybrid sedans—the largest one-time purchase yet of hybrid vehicles for the federal government—and each new vehicle was claimed to yield at least a 10% fuel economy improvement over its predecessor. GSA was to spend $15 million more that year on a pilot fleet ofadvanced-technology vehicles, includingall-electric vehicles andhybrid buses.^[64]

Hybrids accounted for about 10 percent of the 145,473 vehicles the GSA bought during the fiscal years 2009 and 2010, after making up less than 1 percent of government vehicle purchases in 2008. As for specific models, President Obama took abuy-American stance. The U.S. government bought about two-thirds of theChevrolet Malibu Hybrids sold during the past two years, and almost a third of theFord Fusion Hybrids, but only 17Toyota Prius hybrids and fiveHonda Civic Hybrids.^[65]Ground Force One, so designated when transporting the POTUS, is one of twoarmored buses procured in 2010 for the transportation of dignitaries under protection of theSecret Service, at a cost of $1.1 million each. The coaches were assembled inTennessee on frames made inCanada.^[66]

The Interagency Resources Management Conference (IRMCO) was a federal executive conference of the GSA, held annually between 1961 and 2011 as a multi-day offsite event.^[67] It gave awards to federal government teams that improved government operations or communications with the public.^[68] Its attendees includedSenior Executive Service members from a range of agencies, along with members of industry. After IRMCO 2011, the GSA announced that it was discontinuing IRMCO because it no longer had a purpose.^[69] Instead, in 2012 the GSA held a one-day Acquisition Excellence event focused on efficiency.^[70]

The GSA established the Federal Citizen Information Center in 1970 (nowUSAGov) to connect the public to government information and services.^[71] In 2009, the GSA created the Office of Citizen Services and Innovative Technologies (now the Office of Products and Programs) to expand the effort to serve the public through technology.

In 2014, the GSA began managing thePresidential Innovation Fellows program^[72] and launched18F with a team focused on improving the federal government's digital services.^[73] Between 2014 and 2024, 18F worked with 34 agencies on 455 projects, such as improving online permitting and complaint submission processes.^[73] 18F helped theFederal Election Commission move its website to the Cloud.gov platform, which FEC projected would save it $1.2 million annually.^[74]

The GSA established the IT Modernization Centers of Excellence in 2017 to accelerate the modernization of IT infrastructure and reduce legacy IT spending across the government.^[75][76] The Centers of Excellence are a fee-for-service consulting service.^[77] For example, they helped the Agriculture Department avoid $42 million in costs by closingdata centers.^[78]

The GSA consolidated those offices into theTechnology Transformation Service (TTS) in 2016,^[79][80] which became a sub-unit of the Federal Acquisition Service in 2017.^[81] Its mission is to improve the lives of the public and public servants by transforming how the government uses technology. TTS aims to meet the government's technology needs: acquisition, omnichannel experience, intelligent process automation, infrastructure optimization and cloud, accelerators and innovation, data and analytics, and identity management.^[82]

TTS offices and programs include:

• United States Digital Corps: Fellowship program for early-career technologists to launch impactful careers in public service and create a more effective, equitable government.^[83][84]
• TTS Solutions: Products and services that help agencies improve the delivery of information and services to the public, such asLogin.gov.^[77]
• Data.gov

Section 1122 of the 1994 National Defense Authorization Act enabled state and local government agencies to purchase defense and other federal equipment to supportdrug enforcement activity.^[85] In 2009, the reauthorization bill expanded the program to purchases for use inhomeland security andemergency response operations.^[85] The program is owned and managed by theDepartment of Defense (DOD), and equipment is made available by theDefense Logistics Agency (DLA) and the GSA,^[85] as is also done under the1033 program.^[86]

• Official website
• GSA list of past administrators
• General Services Administration in theFederal Register
• GSA Schedule Contract in theTop 100 Contractors of the U.S. federal government
• GitHub Repositories for the GSA

 This article incorporatespublic domain material from websites or documents of theGeneral Services Administration.

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