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| Bengali-Assamese | |
|---|---|
| Gauda–Kamarupa | |
| Geographic distribution | Bangladesh,India,Myanmar,Nepal |
| Linguistic classification | Indo-European |
Early form | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | gaud1237 (Gauda–Kamrupa) |
TheBengali-Assamese languages (alsoGauda–Kamarupa languages) is a grouping of several languages in theeastern Indian subcontinent. This group belongs to theEastern zone ofIndo-Aryan languages. The languages in this group, according toGlottolog, includeAssamese,Bengali,Bishnupriya,Chakma,Chittagonian,Hajong,Kharia Thar,Kurmukar,Mal Paharia,Noakhali,Rajbangshi,Rohingya,Sylheti,Tangchangya,Thar andSurjapuri.
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* =borrowed terms (includingtatsamas,ardhatatsamas and other borrowings)
| English | Assamese | Bengali | Chakma | Chittagonian | Hajong | Kamatapuri | Rohingya | Sylheti |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| beautiful | dhunia, thogua/thouga, xundor/xundar | śundor* | dol | dishar,šundor | cúndor*, hásin* | šundor*, kubsurot*, mayasurot | ||
| big | daṅor/daṅar, bor | boṛo, ḍagor, ḍaṅor | đôñr | boro, daṅar | boro, ákbor*, kobira* | boṛo | ||
| blood | tez | rôkto*, khun*, lohu | lo | lou, rôktô | lou, hún*, kún* | lou, roxto*, kun* | ||
| bread | ruti (flat), pau*ruti, luf*, bred* | pão*ruṭi, ruṭi (flat) | fõruţi | fiçá, luthi | ruṭi (flat), luf* | |||
| brother | bhai (younger), kokai/kaka (elder), dada (elder)* | bhai, dada, bhaiya | bái, bôdda | bhai | bái | bái, báia | ||
| cat | mekuri/meukri/mekur, birali/biroli, biral | biṛal, beṛal, billi, bilai, biṛali | bilai/bilei, miúr | bilai | mekur, bilai | |||
| dark | andhar, endhar | ãdhar, andhar, ondhokar* | ãdár | añdár, miyonda | andáir | |||
| daughter | zi, mai, aapi, zhia, ziori | maiya/meye, konna*, jhi | zee, maifuā | beti | futúni, zíi | zi, fuṛi | ||
| day | din, bêla | din, bêla*, roz*, dibôš* | din | din | din | din, ruz* | ||
| dog | kukur | kukur, kutta | kuĩr, kutto | kuñr | atu, kutta | |||
| door | duar*, dorza*, dar | dôroja/dôrja*, duar* | duōr, kebar | duar* | duar* | xeir, dorza*, duar* | ||
| earth | bhũi, p(r)ithiwi/p(r)ithibi* | duniya*, prithibi*, dhora*, jahan* | duniye,fithibi, | duniyai* | duniai*, dunia*, zahan* | |||
| egg | koni, dima/dim | ḍim, anḍa, boida* | boda* | đim,anḍa | ḍima | andha, dhim | enḍa, ḍim, boida* | |
| elephant | hati/hathi | hati | áti | hati | áñti, háñtih | átti | ||
| eye | soku, sokhu | choukh/chokh, ãkhi, noyon*, chokkhu* | sóg | suk | soku, uki, souk | |||
| father | deuta*, bap, büpai/bapa, pitai/pite/piti*, aba/abba/abu/abbu* | bap, abba*, baba, abbu, pita*, waled* | baf, ba,abba | abbá* | baf, bazi | |||
| fear | bhoy, dor | bhôy*, ḍor | đôr | ḍor | ḍor | |||
| finger | aṅuli/aṅli | aṅgul, onguli* | ôuñl | ouñl | aṅguil | |||
| fire | zui, aguni* | aguin/agun, ogni*, nar*, atosh*, anol*, pabok*, dahon* | ôin* | zui | ooin* | aguin*, nar*, atosh* | ||
| fish | mas | machh | mas | mas | mas | mas, mai* | ||
| food | khüabostu*, khauni, ahar*, khayddo*, khana* | khabar, khaon, khana*, khani*, khaddo*, ahar* | hána | hána, háñna | xani | |||
| god | bhogowan*, is(s)or*, deu, probhu*, khuda* | khoda*, isshôr*, bhôgôban*, srishtikorta*, mabud* | khúda*,rôb, ūôr ôla | ila*, rob*, ixor* | mobud*, mola*, rob*, xoda*, bhogòban* | |||
| good | bhal | bhalo/bhala | bála, gôm | bhala | bhal | gom | bála | |
| grass | ghah, kher (hay) | ghash, khôṛ (hay) | kér | ghaṣ | kérr | ga, gaš | ||
| hand | hat | hat | át | hat | árt | át | ||
| hand fan | bisoni/biseni/bisni | hat-pakha, biuni, bijoni | bisôin, bisein | bisoin, fanka | ||||
| head | mur, matha, math | matha, shir*, kolla* | mata, hôlla | matá | sir*, xolla*, mata | |||
| heart (emotion) | hia, ontor*, koliza/koilza, hidoy* | (h)ridôy*, ôntôr*, hiya, dil*, kolob*, kolija/koilja | dil*, hôilze, ridôy, ôntôr | dil* | dil*, hia | |||
| heart (organ) | hia, dil, amothu | (h)ritpindô*,dil*, kolija/koilja | dil* | gurda | ||||
| horse | ghü̃ra/ghora | ghoṛa | gúṛa | gúñra, gúra | gúṛa | |||
| house | ghor | ghôr, baṛi, basha, khana* | gór | gor, bari | gór, bari, xan* | |||
| hunger | bhük/bhokh | khudha*, khida*, khide*, bhuk | búk | búk | buk, feto(r) buk | |||
| language | bhaxa*, mat (call), kotha*, raw | bhasha*, buli, jôban/zôban* | hodá* | basha,zúban,buli | raw, bhaṣa* | zoban*, hodá* | mat, bul, rau, zoban*, basha* | |
| laughter | hãhi | hashi | aši | haṣi | aši | |||
| life | zion/ziwon, ziu (soul), hayat* | jibôn*, jindegi*, hayat* | zibon,zindegi*,hayat* | zibon | zindegi*, zibon*, hayat* | |||
| moon | zün, sand | chãd/chand, chôndro*, bôdôr*, shôshi* | sãn | san | san | san(d), sondoni | ||
| mother | ma, ai, mai, mao, ammi/amma* | ma, amma*, ammu, waleda*, mata*, ai | ma | maö, ai | mai, ai, maizi | |||
| mouth | mukh*, mu- | mukh*, mu(h) | mukh* | muk* | muk* | |||
| name | nam, naü | nam | nam | nam | nam | |||
| night | rati, nixa* | rat/rait, ratri*, shob* | rait | rati | rait | rait, rati, nii, shob*, lailot* | ||
| peace | xanti*, xokah | shanti*, aman*, salamôt* | šanti* | ṣanti* | niraii, shanti*, salamôt* | |||
| place | thai, zega/zaga*, than | jayga/jaga/jega*, ṭhai, sthan* | ṭai, zāga* | zega*, tan | ||||
| queen | rani, madoi, patmadoi | rani, shahbanu* | rani | rani | rani | rani, razbibi, sha(h)banu* | ||
| rest | zironi, aram* | aram*, bisram*, jirano*, jiron* | dom*,zirôn,aram gôrôn | zirani, aram* | ||||
| river | noi, gaṅ, nodi* | nôdi*, doriya*, ɡaṅg | dôijja*,dôirge | hál | ɡaṅg, nodi* | |||
| road | bat, ali, rasta*, poth* | rasta*, shoṛok, pôth* | sorox, rah*, rasta*, ail, fot* | |||||
| salt | nimokh*, lün/nun | lôbôn*, nun, nomok* | lôbôn*, lun/nun | nimox*, nun, lobon* | ||||
| sister | bhoni/boini/boni (younger), ba/bai (elder) | apa*, apu/api, boin/bon, didi | bóin,afa/bôbbu/dî/afu (elder) | bóin, buai | ||||
| small | xoru, süto | chhoṭo, pati | guro | huru, nii, kuṭimuti, gura, titkina, geda, suṭu | ||||
| son | put, pü, aapa | chhele, putro*, put, po, bêṭa | (morod) fuā, fut | beṭa | fut | fut, fua | ||
| soul | ziu, atma/atta* | atta*, pran*, pôran*, ruh*, jiu | foran*, rû* | ru*, atma*, zaan* | ||||
| sun | beli | shurjo*, shuruj* | beil, šuroz* | beil | suruz*, shurzo* | |||
| ten | doh, dos* | dosh | doš | doṣ | dosh, do | |||
| three | tini | tin | tín | tin | tin | |||
| village | gaü̃ | gram*, gã, gão | geram | gau | ||||
| waist | kõkal/kakal | komor*, maja | keĩl | keñil | xomor*, xaxal | |||
| water | pani | pani, jôl* | fani | pani | pani, zol* | faní | fani, ab*, tam | |
| when | ketia/kitia/kita, kethan/kethen, kesen, ketiyake | kôkhôn, kobe, kon shômôy*, kon bêla | hótte | könbela | kunbala(n->m), kunomoy | |||
| wind | botah/batah | batash*, hawa*, ba/bao, bayu*, bat*, anil* | ába*, bataš* | boyar, batash*, hawa* | ||||
| wolf | kukurnesia bagh, xial (jackal, fox) | nekṛe-bagh, sheyal/shiyal (jackal, fox) | neṛi kutta | atubag, hial (jackal, fox) | ||||
| woman | maiki manuh, tiri*, tirüta, mohila* | mohila*, nari*, beṭi manush, chheri | maiye fua,maifuā (soft) | beṭi saöa | beṭi, moíla* | |||
| year | bosor, son* | bochhor, shal*, borsho*, botshor* | bosor | bosor | fira, bosor, son*, shal* | |||
| yes | hoy, o, ü̃, mm | hê/hễ, ji*, agge, hã | ô, ôy | ô, ôy | óe, i, zi* óe | |||
| no | nohoy, nai, ühü, na | na, nai/nae/nei, noy, non | nô, nôy | nô, nôy | na, nai, nay | |||
| yesterday | kali, züa-kali/zawa-kali | (goto*-)kal(-ke), (gelo-)kal(-ke),kal(-ke) | goto* hail, goto* halia | (gese-)xail(-ku), xail(-ku) | ||||
| English | Assamese | Bengali | Chakma | Chittagonian | Hajong | Kamatapuri | Rohingya | Sylheti |
* =borrowed terms (includingtatsamas,ardhatatsamas and other borrowings)
| English | Assamese | Sylheti | Bengali | Chakma | Chittagonian | Kamatapuri | Rohingya | Hajong |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ask | xudh-, xudhpus kor- (investigate) | zika-, fus-, zar- | jiggaśa kor-, puchh-, puch kor-, jiggesh kor-, jiga- | pũsar ɡor- | ||||
| bite | kamür-, kamür mar- | xamṛa-, xamor maeth[4r]bh=['r45t6h[=]uj[kp=r- | kamoṛ mar-, kamṛa- | hõr- | ||||
| blow | phu de-, phuk-, phu kor- | fu de-, hu de- | phu deua- | |||||
| breathe | uxah lo- | dom lo- | šãš ne-, šãš lo-, dôm ne-, dôm lo- | |||||
| bring | an- | an- | an- | an- | ||||
| can | par- | far- | par- | |||||
| catch | dhor- | dór- | dhôr- | |||||
| come | ah- | a- | aś- | a- | a- | ah- | ||
| count | gon-, hisap kor-, gonti kor- | gon-, isab xor- | gon-, hišab kôr- | |||||
| cry | kand-, kan- | xand-, xan- | kãd- | hãd- | ||||
| cut | kat- | xaṭ- | kaṭ- | |||||
| do | kor- | xor- | kôr- | gor- | ɡor- | |||
| die | mor-, dhuka- | mor- | môr- | mor- | ||||
| dig | khand- | kur-, kus- | khõṛ-, khõc- | |||||
| drink | kha-, pi kha-, pi- | xa-, fia xa-, fi- | kha-, pan kor-, pi- | |||||
| eat | kha- | xa- | kha- | há- | ||||
| fall | por- | foṛ- | poṛ- | |||||
| fear | bhoy kha-, dora- | ḍora- | bhoy pa-, ḍora- | |||||
| fight | zũz-, maramari/moramori kor- | mair xor-, xaijja xor- | maramari kor-, jhogṛa kôr- | |||||
| float | üpoṅ-, bhah- | bai-, bo- | bhaš- | |||||
| flow | bo- | bo- | bo- | |||||
| fly | ur- | uṛ- | uṛ- | ur- | ur- | |||
| give | de-, di- | de-, di- | de- | |||||
| go | za-, ɡo-/ge- | za-, ɡo-, ɡe- | ja-, ɡe- | za-, zo- | za-, zo- | |||
| happen | ho- | ó- | ho- | ó- | ||||
| hear | xun- | hun- | śun- | un- | ||||
| hit | mar-, pit-, kila- | mar-, fiț-, kila- | mar-, kela- | |||||
| kill | mar-, mari pela- | mar-, mari de- | mar-, mere fel-, mariya fal- | |||||
| know | zan- | zan- | jan- | |||||
| laugh | hãh- | aś- | haś- | aś- | ||||
| learn | xik-, xikh- | hik- | śekh-, śikh- | hik- | ||||
| lie (in bed) | baɡor-, kati ho-, bisonat/bisnat por- | xait o-, hut- | shuye por- | |||||
| live | thak-, zi(ai) thak-, tik-, basi thak- | tax-, zia-, basi tax- | thak-, jibito thak-, jinda thak-, bece thak-, bãchiya thak- | thah- | ||||
| look | sa- | sa- | dekh-, ca-, taka- | sa- | ||||
| open | khul- | kúa- | khol-, khul- | uid-, khúl- | ||||
| play | khel- | xél- | khel- | |||||
| pull | tan- | ṭan- | ṭan- | |||||
| push | thel- | ṭel-, dekka- | ṭhel- | |||||
| read | porh/poh/por- | foṛ- | poṛ- | foṛ- | ||||
| run | dour-, daur- | douṛ- | douṛa-, choṭ-, chuṭ- | dũr- | ||||
| say | ko-, mat-, bul- | xo-, mat- | bol-, ko- | ho- | ho- | |||
| scratch | ãsür- | xawza-, xamsa- | ãcoṛ de-, ãcṛa-, khamca- | |||||
| see | dekh- | dex- | dekh- | sa- | ||||
| sew | xi-, sila-, bo- (weave) | sia- | śela-, śila | |||||
| sing | ɡa-, gan ga- | ɡa- | ɡa-, gan ga- | |||||
| sit | boh- | bo- | boś- | bo- | ||||
| sleep | xu-, ɡhuma-, tüponi za/mar- | hut-, ɡúma- | ɡhuma-, śo-, śu- | ɡhum za- | ||||
| smell | xuṅ- | huṅ(ɡ)- | śũk-, śõk- | ũ- | ||||
| spit | thu pela-, pik-, pik pela- | sef fal-, fik fal- (betel nut/leaf) | thu phel-, thu phal- | |||||
| split | phal- | atra- | bhag kor-, bhang- | |||||
| squeeze | sep-, hẽs- | sif- | cap-, pesh-, cip- | |||||
| stand | thio ho-, thia- | uba- | dãṛa-, khaṛa- | thio- | tía- | |||
| stab | khũs-, han- | kus-, gauua- | ||||||
| suck | suh-, sup-, xüh- | sua- | chosh-, chush- | |||||
| swell | ful-, fit- | phuler | ||||||
| swim | xatũr- | hatra- | śatar kor-, shatra- | |||||
| think | bhab-, sinta kor-, sint- | bab-, sinta xor- | bhab-, cinta kôr-, mone kôr- | |||||
| throw | dolia- | ița-, iṭa mar- | chõṛ-, ḍhêla mar-, dol- | |||||
| tie | bandh- | ban(d)- | bãdh- | |||||
| vomit | bomi kor- | bait xor- | bomi kor- | |||||
| walk | khüz karh-, bul- | aṭ- | hãṭ- | ãd- | ||||
| want | lag-, bisar- | maɡ-, sa- | ca- | sa- | ||||
| wash | dhu- | dó- | dho- | dú- | ||||
| wipe | mos-, müs- | fus-, mus- | moch-, much-, poch-, puch- | |||||
| English | Assamese | Sylheti | Bengali | Chakma | Chittagonian | Kamatapuri | Rohingya | Hajong |
Generally, the Rajbongshi language is known as Rangpuri in Bangladesh and Kamta or Rajbangshi in India. The language is usually written in Bengali script in Bangladesh, while the Kamtapura script is favored in India. In Nepal, the language uses Devanagari script which is also sometimes used by the Indian Rajbongshis.
