Species of plant
Galium trifidum is a species of flowering plant in thecoffee family, known by the common namethree-petal bedstraw.[1] It grows widespread in the arctic, temperate and subtropical regions of theNorthern Hemisphere: northern and centralAsia (Siberia, theRussian Far East,China,Korea,Japan,Kazakhstan), northern and easternEurope (Scandinavia,France,Austria,Poland,Russia,Ukraine,Baltic states) and much ofNorth America (fromGreenland and theAleutians as far south asOaxaca andHispaniola).[2][3][4]
Galium trifidum is a usually perennial herb forming tangles of thin stems up to half a meter long, ringed withwhorls of several linear to oval leaves. Theinflorescence is a cluster of small white or pinkish flowers, each with usually three petal-like lobes in itscorolla.[5][6][7]
Five subspecies are currently recognized (May 2014):[2]
- Galium trifidumsubsp. brevipes(Fernald & Wiegand) Á.Löve & D.Löve -Canada and the northernUnited States (Dakotas toMaine)[4]
- Galium trifidumsubsp. columbianum(Rydb.) Hultén -Russian Far East (Kamchatka,Khabarovsk,Primorye,Sakhalin),Japan,Korea,China,Taiwan,Alaska,British Columbia,Washington state,Oregon,California,Nevada,Idaho,Montana
- Galium trifidumsubsp. halophilum(Fernald & Wiegand) Puff -Quebec,Newfoundland,Canadian Maritimes,Maine,Massachusetts
- Galium trifidumsubsp. subbiflorum(Wiegand) Puff -Alaska,Yukon,Northwest Territories,Alberta,British Columbia, high elevations in the western United States as far south asCalifornia andNew Mexico
- Galium trifidumsubsp. trifidum - widespread throughout most of species range
- ^Lee, Sangtae; Chang, Kae Sun, eds. (2015).English Names for Korean Native Plants(PDF). Pocheon:Korea National Arboretum. p. 475.ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Retrieved3 March 2019 – viaKorea Forest Service.
- ^abKew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
- ^Biota of North America Program,Galium trifidum
- ^abBiota of North America Program,Galium brevipes
- ^Cody, W. J. 1996. Flora of the Yukon Territory i–xvii, 1–669. NRC Research Press, Ottawa.
- ^Voss, E. G. 1996. Michigan Flora, Part III: Dicots (Pyrolaceae-Compositae). Cranbrook Inst. of Science, Ann Arbor.
- ^Moss, E. H. 1983. Flora of Alberta (ed. 2) i–xii, 1–687. University of Toronto Press, Toronto.