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TheGalician orGalician Mountain Horse,Spanish:Caballo de Pura Raza Gallega,[1]Galician:Raza Equina Cabalo Galego do Monte,[5] is abreed of small horse fromGalicia, in north-western Spain. It is genetically very close to theGarrano breed of northern Portugal.[2] It was in the past used as awar-horse and in agriculture; it is now raised principally formeat. The horses arebay orblack.[4][3]: 463
The most commonly accepted theory of the origin of the Gallego is that it, like other small breeds of the northern part of the Iberian peninsula, descends from small dark-coloured horses introduced byCeltic immigrants in the sixth century BC.[3]: 462
In theMiddle Ages these horses were rented or swapped for other horses at the border between Galicia andCastile, since the Galician was more sturdy and suitable for the rugged landscape of the country.[6]
In the 1980s and 90s there was concern that the introduction ofstallions of other breeds, with better meat-producing qualities, was placing at risk the original stock of Galician horses.[3]: 462 TheXunta de Galicia published a conservation plan for the breed in 1993.[7] A breed association, theAsociación Pura Raza Cabalo Galego, was formed in 1997, and in 1998 the breed was officially recognised and astud-book established.[8][9]
The Gallego is regulated and protected by theGalician government,[10] in an attempt to increase the numbers of theferal stock.
^abcdefMiguel Fernández Rodríguez, Mariano Gómez Fernández, Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo, Silvia Adán Belmonte, Miguel Jiménez Cabras (editors) (2009).Guía de campo de las razas autóctonas españolas (in Spanish). Madrid: Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino.ISBN9788449109461, pages 462–464.
Horse breeds thought to originate wholly or partly within Portugal and Spain. Some have complex or obscure histories, so inclusion here does not necessarily imply that a breed is predominantly or exclusively Iberian.
