Movatterモバイル変換

Gabriel II of Constantinople

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople in 1657

Gabriel II of Constantinople
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
Church	Church of Constantinople
Appointed	23 April 1657
Term ended	30 April 1657 (7 days)
Predecessor	Parthenius III of Constantinople
Successor	Parthenius IV of Constantinople
Other post	Metropolitan ofProusa
Previous posts	Metropolitan ofGanos andChora
Personal details
Died	(1659-12-03)3 December 1659 Prousa (Bursa)
Sainthood
Feast day	3 December
Venerated in	Eastern Orthodox Church

Gabriel II of Constantinople (Greek:Γαβριήλ; died 3 December 1659) wasEcumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for one week in 1657.

In 1659 he was hanged by theOttoman Sultan for having baptised a convertedMuslim, and after refusing to abjure his own Christian faith. He is hence revered asNew Hieromartyr Gabriel II, Metropolitan of Prousa and his feast in theEastern Orthodox Church is 3 December.^[1]

Life

[edit]

Gabriel was electedMetropolitan ofGanos andChora on 23 March 1648 for a first term which lasted until 26 November 1651, and again in 1654.^[2]^{: 172–173} After the execution ofParthenius III of Constantinople he was appointed as the new Patriarch on 23 April 1657^[2]^: 40 with the support of the Greek Orthodoxnobility. However, theHoly Synod considered him uneducated and unsuitable for the throne, and deposed him a few days later, on 30 April 1657.^[3]

After his deposition, besides his diocese ofGanos, he was given the position of administrator (proedros) of the vacantMetropolitan See of Prousa (Bursa). Here he was accused by the Jewish community to have baptised a Muslim,^[4] even if actually the baptised was aJews and not a Muslim.^[3] He was also charged with maintaining good relations with the Russians, at the time at war with theOttoman Empire.^[3]

SultanMehmed IV was in those days in Bursa, and hisGrand vizier Köprülü Mehmed Pasha imprisoned Gabriel II, and promised him freedom and honor in change to conversion toIslam. Gabriel II refused and was tortured and finally hanged on 3 December 1659.^[4]

Notes and references

[edit]

^"Γαβριὴλ Β´" (in Greek). Ecumenical Patriarchate. Retrieved23 June 2011.
^^a ^bKiminas, Demetrius (2009).The Ecumenical Patriarchate.Wildside Press. pp. 40, 47,172–173.ISBN 978-1-4344-5876-6.
^^a ^b ^cMoustakas Konstantinos."Gabriel II of Constantinople". Encyclopaedia of the Hellenic World, Asia Minor. Archived fromthe original on 12 March 2012. Retrieved23 June 2011.
^^a ^bVaporis, Nomikos Michael (2000).Witnesses for Christ - Orthodox Christian neomartyrs of the Ottoman period. Crestwood:Saint Vladimir's Orthodox Theological Seminary. pp. 117–118.ISBN 0-88141-196-5.

Eastern Orthodox Church titles
Preceded by Parthenius III	Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople 1657	Succeeded by Parthenius IV

v t e Bishops of Byzantium and Patriarchs ofConstantinople
Bishops ofByzantium (Roman period, 38–330 AD)	Andrew Stachys Onesimus Polycarpus I Plutarch Sedecion Diogenes Eleutherius Felix Polycarpus II Athenodorus Euzois Laurence Alypius Pertinax Olympianus Marcus I Philadelphus Cyriacus I Castinus Eugenius I Titus Dometius Rufinus Probus Metrophanes Alexander
Archbishops ofConstantinople (Roman period, 330–451 AD)	Alexander Paul I Eusebius Macedonius I Eudoxius Evagrius Demophilus Maximus I Gregory I Nectarius John I Chrysostom Arsacius Atticus Sisinnius I Nestorius Maximianus Proclus Flavian Anatolius
Patriarchs of Constantinople (Byzantine period, 451–1453 AD)	Anatolius Gennadius I Acacius Fravitta Euphemius Macedonius II Timothy I John II Epiphanius Anthimus I Menas Eutychius John III John IV Cyriacus II Thomas I Sergius I Pyrrhus Paul II Peter Thomas II John V Constantine I Theodore I George I Paul III Callinicus I Cyrus John VI Germanus I Anastasius Constantine II Nicetas I Paul IV Tarasius Nicephorus I Theodotus I Antony I John VII Methodius I Ignatios Photios I Stephen I Antony II Nicholas I Εuthymius I Stephen II Tryphon Theophylact Polyeuctus Βasil I Αntony III Nicholas II Sisinnius II Sergius II Eustathius Alexius Michael I Constantine III John VIII Cosmas I Eustratius Nicholas III John IX Leo Michael II Cosmas II Nicholas IV Theodotus II Neophytus I Constantine IV Luke Michael III Chariton Theodosius I Basil II Nicetas II Leontius Dositheus George II John X Michael IV^† Theodore II^† Maximus II^† Μanuel I^† Germanus II^† Methodius II^† Manuel II^† Arsenius^† Nicephorus II^† Germanus III Joseph I John XI Gregory II Athanasius I John XII Nephon I John XIII Gerasimus I Isaias John XIV Isidore I Callistus I Philotheus Macarius Nilus Antony IV Callistus II Matthew I Euthymius II Joseph II Metrophanes II Gregory III Athanasius II
Patriarchs of Constantinople (Ottoman period, 1453–1923 AD)	Gennadius II Isidore II Joasaph I Sophronius I Mark II Symeon I Dionysius I Raphael I Maximus III Nephon II Maximus IV Joachim I Pachomius I Theoleptus I Jeremias I Joannicius I Dionysius II Joasaph II Metrophanes III Jeremias II Pachomius II Theoleptus II Matthew II Gabriel I Theophanes I Meletius I Neophytus II Raphael II Cyril I Timothy II Gregory IV Anthimus II Cyril II Athanasius III Neophytus III Parthenius I Parthenius II Joannicius II Cyril III Paisius I Parthenius III Gabriel II Parthenius IV Dionysius III Clement Methodius III Dionysius IV Gerasimus II Athanasius IV James Callinicus II Neophytus IV Gabriel III Neophytus V Cyprianus Athanasius V Cyril IV Cosmas III Jeremias III (Callinicus III) Paisius II Seraphim I Neophytus VI Cyril V Callinicus IV (III) Seraphim II Joannicius III Samuel Meletius II Theodosius II Sophronius II Gabriel IV Procopius Neophytus VII Gerasimus III Gregory V Callinicus V (IV) Jeremias IV Cyril VI Eugenius II Anthimus III Chrysanthus Agathangelus Constantius I Constantius II Gregory VI Anthimus IV Anthimus V Germanus IV Meletius III Anthimus VI Cyril VII Joachim II Sophronius III Joachim III Joachim IV Dionysius V Neophytus VIII Anthimus VII Constantine V Germanus V Meletius IV
Patriarchs of Constantinople (Turkish period, since 1923 AD)	Gregory VII Constantine VI Basil III Photius II Benjamin Maximus V Athenagoras Demetrius Bartholomew
^† in exile atNicaea Christianity portal

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gabriel_II_of_Constantinople&oldid=1291061979"

Categories:

Hidden categories:

[8]ページ先頭