Protein-coding gene in humans
G protein-coupled receptor 50 is aprotein which in humans is encoded by theGPR50 gene .[ 5] [ 6] [ 7]
GPR50 is a member of theG protein-coupled receptor family ofintegral membrane proteins and is most closely related to themelatonin receptor .[ 6] MT1 andMT2 melatonin receptor subtypes. While GPR50 has no effect on MT2 function, GPR50 prevented MT1 from both bindingmelatonin and coupling toG proteins .[ 8] [ 9]
Clinical significance [ edit ] Certainpolymorphisms of theGPR50 gene in females are associated with increased risk of developingbipolar affective disorder ,major depressive disorder , andschizophrenia .[ 10] GPR50 gene polymorphism are associated with higher fasting circulatingtriglyceride levels and lower circulatingHigh-density lipoprotein levels.[ 11]
^a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000102195 –Ensembl , May 2017^a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000056380 –Ensembl , May 2017^ "Human PubMed Reference:" .National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:" .National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine .^ "Entrez Gene: GPR50 G protein-coupled receptor 50" .^a b Reppert SM, Weaver DR, Ebisawa T, Mahle CD, Kolakowski LF (May 1996)."Cloning of a melatonin-related receptor from human pituitary" .FEBS Letters .386 (2– 3):219– 24.Bibcode :1996FEBSL.386..219R .doi :10.1016/0014-5793(96)00437-1 PMID 8647286 . ^ Gubitz AK, Reppert SM (January 1999). "Assignment of the melatonin-related receptor to human chromosome X (GPR50) and mouse chromosome X (Gpr50)".Genomics .55 (2):248– 51.doi :10.1006/geno.1998.5661 .PMID 9933574 . ^ Levoye A, Dam J, Ayoub MA, Guillaume JL, Couturier C, Delagrange P, Jockers R (July 2006)."The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization" .The EMBO Journal .25 (13):3012– 23.doi :10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193 .PMC 1500982 PMID 16778767 . ^ Dufourny L, Levasseur A, Migaud M, Callebaut I, Pontarotti P, Malpaux B, Monget P (2008)."GPR50 is the mammalian ortholog of Mel1c: Evidence of rapid evolution in mammals" .BMC Evolutionary Biology .8 (1) 105.Bibcode :2008BMCEE...8..105D .doi :10.1186/1471-2148-8-105 PMC 2323367 PMID 18400093 . ^ Thomson PA, Wray NR, Thomson AM, Dunbar DR, Grassie MA, Condie A, Walker MT, Smith DJ, Pulford DJ, Muir W, Blackwood DH, Porteous DJ (May 2005)."Sex-specific association between bipolar affective disorder in women and GPR50, an X-linked orphan G protein-coupled receptor" .Molecular Psychiatry .10 (5):470– 8.doi :10.1038/sj.mp.4001593 PMID 15452587 . ^ Bhattacharyya S, Luan J, Challis B, Keogh J, Montague C, Brennand J, Morten J, Lowenbeim S, Jenkins S, Farooqi IS, Wareham NJ, O'Rahilly S (April 2006)."Sequence variants in the melatonin-related receptor gene (GPR50) associate with circulating triglyceride and HDL levels" .Journal of Lipid Research .47 (4):761– 6.doi :10.1194/jlr.M500338-JLR200 PMID 16436372 . Reppert SM, Weaver DR, Ebisawa T, et al. (1996)."Cloning of a melatonin-related receptor from human pituitary" .FEBS Lett .386 (2– 3):219– 24.Bibcode :1996FEBSL.386..219R .doi :10.1016/0014-5793(96)00437-1 PMID 8647286 . Gubitz AK, Reppert SM (1999). "Assignment of the melatonin-related receptor to human chromosome X (GPR50) and mouse chromosome X (Gpr50)".Genomics .55 (2):248– 51.doi :10.1006/geno.1998.5661 .PMID 9933574 . Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003)."Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences" .Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A .99 (26):16899– 903.Bibcode :2002PNAS...9916899M .doi :10.1073/pnas.242603899 PMC 139241 PMID 12477932 . Slominski A, Pisarchik A, Zbytek B, et al. (2003)."Functional activity of serotoninergic and melatoninergic systems expressed in the skin" .J. Cell. Physiol .196 (1):144– 53.doi :10.1002/jcp.10287 PMID 12767050 .S2CID 24534729 . Suzuki Y, Yamashita R, Shirota M, et al. (2004)."Sequence Comparison of Human and Mouse Genes Reveals a Homologous Block Structure in the Promoter Regions" .Genome Res .14 (9):1711– 8.doi :10.1101/gr.2435604 .PMC 515316 PMID 15342556 . Thomson PA, Wray NR, Thomson AM, et al. (2005)."Sex-specific association between bipolar affective disorder in women and GPR50, an X-linked orphan G protein-coupled receptor" .Mol. Psychiatry .10 (5):470– 8.doi :10.1038/sj.mp.4001593 PMID 15452587 . Bhattacharyya S, Luan J, Challis B, et al. (2006)."Sequence variants in the melatonin-related receptor gene (GPR50) associate with circulating triglyceride and HDL levels" .J. Lipid Res .47 (4):761– 6.doi :10.1194/jlr.M500338-JLR200 PMID 16436372 . Levoye A, Dam J, Ayoub MA, et al. (2006)."The orphan GPR50 receptor specifically inhibits MT1 melatonin receptor function through heterodimerization" .EMBO J .25 (13):3012– 23.doi :10.1038/sj.emboj.7601193 .PMC 1500982 PMID 16778767 .
