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GNGT2

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
GNGT2
Identifiers
AliasesGNGT2, G-GAMMA-8, G-GAMMA-C, GNG8, GNG9, GNGT8, G protein subunit gamma transducin 2, HG3I
External IDsOMIM:139391;MGI:893584;HomoloGene:11325;GeneCards:GNGT2;OMA:GNGT2 - orthologs
Gene location (Human)
Chromosome 17 (human)
Chr.Chromosome 17 (human)[1]
Chromosome 17 (human)
Genomic location for GNGT2
Genomic location for GNGT2
Band17q21.32Start49,202,791bp[1]
End49,210,574bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse)
Chromosome 11 (mouse)
Chr.Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2]
Chromosome 11 (mouse)
Genomic location for GNGT2
Genomic location for GNGT2
Band11 D|11 59.01 cMStart95,728,042bp[2]
End95,736,560bp[2]
RNA expression pattern
Bgee
HumanMouse (ortholog)
Top expressed in
  • granulocyte

  • monocyte

  • spleen

  • lymph node

  • blood

  • appendix

  • mucosa of transverse colon

  • smooth muscle tissue

  • right lung

  • gallbladder
Top expressed in
  • neural layer of retina

  • granulocyte

  • thymus

  • yolk sac

  • embryo

  • right kidney

  • spleen

  • muscle of thigh

  • interventricular septum

  • esophagus
More reference expression data
BioGPS
More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function
Cellular component
Biological process
Sources:Amigo /QuickGO
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

2793

14710

Ensembl

ENSG00000167083

ENSMUSG00000038811

UniProt

O14610

Q61017

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001198754
NM_001198755
NM_001198756
NM_031498

NM_001038664
NM_001284393
NM_001284397
NM_023121

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001185683
NP_001185684
NP_001185685
NP_113686

NP_001033753
NP_001271322
NP_001271326
NP_075610

Location (UCSC)Chr 17: 49.2 – 49.21 MbChr 11: 95.73 – 95.74 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 is asignalling proteinprotein that in humans andvertebrates is encoded by theGNGT2gene.[5][6][7] EitherGNGT1 or GNGT2 is thegamma subunit of theGβγ part oftransducin (written G(T) or Gt), aheterotrimeric G-protein naturallyexpressed invertebrateretinarod andcone cell of theeye, where it is thought to play a crucial role inphototransduction. GNGT2 only occurs in cone cells, and GNGT1 only occurs in rod cells.

As the gamma subunit (Gγ) of three different families of G proteins (G(I)/Gi, G(S)/Gs and G(O)Go), GNGT2 is expressed in at least 23tissues[8] and other cell types, includingmonocytes of the vertebrateinnate immune system, where at increased levels it has been shown to be a potentialprognostic marker for some types of cancer, includingesophageal cancer.[9]

Several transcript variants encoding the GNGT2 protein have been found for the GNGT2 gene. There is evidence for use of multiplepolyadenylation sites by this gene.[6]

References

[edit]
  1. ^abcGRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000167083Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^abcGRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000038811Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^"Human PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^"Mouse PubMed Reference:".National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^Ong OC, Hu K, Rong H, Lee RH, Fung BK (Nov 1997). "Gene structure and chromosome localization of the G gamma c subunit of human cone G-protein (GNGT2)".Genomics.44 (1):101–9.doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4814.PMID 9286705.
  6. ^ab"Entrez Gene: GNGT2 guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein), gamma transducing activity polypeptide 2".
  7. ^"GNGT2 Gene search NCBI".National Center for Biotechnology Information. 2024-02-18. Retrieved2024-02-18.vertebrates (410)
  8. ^"GNGT2 G protein subunit gamma transducin 2 [Homo sapiens (Human)] - Gene - NCBI".
  9. ^Liu, GM; Ji X, X; Lu TC, TC; Duan, LW (2019-12-28)."Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identified core molecular processes in esophageal cancer and revealed GNGT2 as a potential prognostic marker".World J. Gastroenterol.25 (48):6890–6901.doi:10.3748/wjg.v25.i48.6890.PMC 6938725.PMID 31908393.

Further reading

[edit]
MAP
Calcium
G protein
Heterotrimeric
cAMP:
cGMP:
Monomeric
Cyclin
Lipid
Otherprotein kinase
Serine/threonine:
Tyrosine:
Serine/threonine/tyrosine
Arginine
Otherprotein phosphatase
Serine/threonine:
Tyrosine:
both:
Apoptosis
GTP-binding protein regulators
Other
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