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Furlan standard

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You can helpexpand this article with text translated fromthe corresponding article in Friulian. (July 2015)Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Further information:Friulian language § Challenges of standardisation

Furlan standard orFurlan normalizât, also known ascoinè orlenghe comun, it is thelenghe scrite or the standard written language for the entireFriulian community. The main association to foster the use and development of Friulian is theSocietât filologjiche furlane, founded inGorizia in 1919.

History

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A challenge thatFriulians share with other minorities is to create a standard language and a unique writing system. The regional law 15/1996 approved a standard orthography, which represents the basis of a common variant and should be used in toponyms, official acts, written documents. These standards are primarily based on Central Friulian, the language already used traditionally in literature since 1700 onwards (the best examples are probablyPieri Çorut's works), but with some changes:

  • thediphthongie replacesia, e.g.fier (iron) instead offiar ortiere (soil, Earth) instead oftiare;
  • the use ofvu instead ofu at the beginning of word, for example—
vueli (oil) instead ofueli; orvueit (empty) instead ofueit;
  • the use ofi between vocals, for exampleploie (rain) instead ofploe.

Current status

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Road sign in Italian and Friulian

Friulian has been officially recognized inItaly, supported by law 482/1999 protecting linguistic minorities. Therefore, teaching of Friulian has been introduced in many primary schools. An online newspaper is active, and there are also a number of musical groups which use Friulian for their songs as well as some theatrical companies. Recently two movies have been made in Friulian (Tierç lion,Lidrîs cuadrade di trê), with positive reviews in Italian newspapers. There is also an official translation of theBible. In 2005, a notable brand of beer used Friulian for one of its commercials.

In about 40% of the communities in theProvince of Udine, road signs are in both Friulian and Italian. Every city and village in Friuli has twonames, one inItalian and one in Friulian. Only the Italian is official and used in administration, although it is widely expected that the Friulian ones will receive partial acknowledgement in the near future. For example, the city ofUdine is calledUdin in Friulian, the town ofTolmezzo is calledTumieç, the town ofAviano is called both Avian and Pleif.

References

[edit]
Friulian
  • varieties: Central Friulian
  • Northern Friulian
  • South-eastern Friulian
  • Western Friulian
  • constructed language:Furlan standard
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