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Fuad II of Egypt

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
King of Egypt and the Sudan from 1952 to 1953

Fuad II of Egypt
  • فؤاد الثاني
Pictured after his birth in 1952
King of Egypt and the Sudan
Reign26 July 1952 – 18 June 1953
PredecessorFarouk I
Successor
RegentMuhammad Abdel Moneim
Head of theRoyal House of Egypt
Tenure18 March 1965 – present
PredecessorFarouk I
Heir apparentMuhammad Ali
Born (1952-01-16)16 January 1952 (age 73)
Abdeen Palace,Cairo,Kingdom of Egypt
Spouse
Issue
Names
Ahmed Fuad II ibn Farouk ibn Ahmed Fuad I ibn Ismail ibn Ibrahim ibn Muhammad Ali
HouseAlawiyya
FatherFarouk I
MotherNarriman Sadek
ReligionSunni Islam
Signature
Styles of
Ahmed Fuad Farouk
Reference styleHis Majesty
Spoken styleYour Majesty

Fuad II (Arabic:فؤاد الثاني, full name:Ahmed Fuad bin Farouk bin Ahmed Fuad bin Ismail bin Ibrahim bin Muhammad Ali; born 16 January 1952), or alternativelyAhmed Fuad II (Arabic:أحمد فؤاد الثاني), is a member of the EgyptianMuhammad Ali dynasty. As an infant, he formally reigned as the lastKing of Egypt and the Sudan from July 1952 to June 1953, when he wasdeposed.

Birth and reign

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King Farouk andQueen Narriman with Prince Fuad, January 1952

The son ofKing Farouk and his second wifeQueen Narriman,Crown Prince Ahmed Fuad[a] was born on 16 January 1952 inAbdeen Palace.[citation needed] He was delivered at 8:30 a.m. and named after his grandfatherFuad I.[2] Fuad had three half-sisters from Farouk's previous marriage withQueen Farida: princessesFarial,Fawzia andFadia. As women could not inherit the Egyptian throne, Farouk's first cousin,Prince Mohammed Ali Tewfik, washeir presumptive until Fuad's birth.[2][3] Immediately following his birth, Fuad was granted the title ofPrince of the Sa'id.[4][5] He was styled accordingly as Ahmed Fuad, Prince of the Sa'id.[6]

On 23 July 1952, theFree Officers led byMohamed Naguib andGamal Abdel Nasser started the beginning theEgyptian revolution to dispose the Muhammad Ali non-Egyptian dynasty.[7] On 26 July, Farouk was ordered to abdicate in favour of the crown prince and leave Egypt.[8][9] Farouk abdicated and went intoexile in Italy. His family, including Fuad, joined him in exile.[10] By stepping down, Farouk had wished that the forces opposing the monarchy would be placated, and that Fuad could unify the country during his reign.[1]: 129 

Regency

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On Farouk's abdication, the army proclaimed that Fuad was now King Fuad II of Egypt and the Sudan, at only 6 months of age.[8][b] The country was now ruled by Nasser, Naguib and the other Free Officers.[7] Naguib promised to maintain aconstitutional monarchy with aregency council holding power until Fuadcame of age.[14] Fuad's constitutional powers were assumed by theCabinet until 2 August 1952, when a regency body, but not a council, was established.[15] PrinceMuhammad Abdel Moneim was appointedregent and led the body.[1]: 94  The regency body had no actual powers, however, these having been effectively assumed by theRevolutionary Command Council which was led by Naguib. The body was dissolved on 7 September 1952 and Moneim was appointed the soleprince regent, though he still had no actual powers when serving in this role.[15][1]: 94 

The monarchy wasformally abolished on 18 June 1953: Egypt was declared a republic for the first time in its history, and Naguib became its first everPresident. Fuad was officially deposed and stripped of his royal titles.

Life in exile

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Narriman, Fuad and Farouk in exile inCapri, Italy, 1953

Following Fuad's deposition,[16][17] Fuad and his half-sisters were sent to live inSwitzerland while Farouk remained in Italy, settling inRome. Queen Narriman returned to Egypt in 1953 after wanting a divorce, and Farouk insisted that Fuad remain abroad.[18][10] In 1958, Fuad was stripped of his Egyptian citizenship.[citation needed]

Farouk would visit Fuad two or three times each year before the former's unexpected death, possibly from a heart attack, in 1965, when Fuad was 13 years old. Fuad believes that Farouk was "poisoned by enemies".[18] When he died, there were rumours in the press that he had been poisoned byEgyptian intelligence, though there is no known evidence to confirm this.[19] After Farouk's death, Fuad was guaranteed protection by PrinceRainier III of Monaco and his wifePrincess Grace.[citation needed] Fuad would later become friends with Rainier in his early adulthood, when he visitedMonte Carlo every summer.[10] He owns aMonégasque passport granted to him by Rainier, on which he is named "His Royal Highness Prince Ahmed Fouad Farouk".[18][20][10]

Growing up, Fuad and his half-sisters lived inCully, a small village onLake Geneva, under the care of ananny,governess andbodyguard. Fuad attended the local public school where he was bullied and then went tomiddle school inLausanne, before later attending theInstitut Le Rosey, an elite and prestigious privateboarding school.[21][10] He completed his secondary education, obtaining aFrench baccalaureate, before studying at theUniversity of Geneva.[21] He graduated with a degree in politics and economics in 1975.[citation needed]

In 1973, PresidentAnwar Sadat lifted Fuad's and his half-sisters' exile.[22] Fuad's Egyptian citizenship was restored in 1974. He has occasionally visited Egypt ever since,[21] with his first visit occurring in 1991.[18] On his Egyptian passport he has no titles and is simply identified as Ahmed Fuad.[18]

Marriage

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Fuad and Fadila's wedding in 1977

Fuad immigrated to Paris after graduating from university.[21] In Paris, he set up a real estate business and marriedDominique-France Loeb-Picard, a Jewish woman ofAlsatian origin, in a civil ceremony in Paris on 16 April 1976.[23] She then converted toSunni Islam,[citation needed] and the two had a religious wedding in Monaco on 5 October 1977.[23] Loeb-Picard changed her name to Fadila Farouk.[24] Egyptian monarchists addressed her as Queen Fadila of Egypt,[23] a nickname coined by the media.[21] She then formally assumed the title ofQueen of Egypt.[1]: 129  In 1996, she and Fuad divorced, and he stripped her of her title.[1]: 129–130 

After years of divorce proceedings which began in 1999,[24] the marriage was formally dissolved in 2008.[1]: 129  Fuad found the divorce "deeply painful" and suffered fromdepression and poor health.[18] Since the divorce Fadila has been known as Princess Fadila of Egypt.[citation needed]

Issue

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Fuad and Fadila had three children before their divorce:Prince Muhammad Ali, Prince of the Sa'id (born 5 February 1979),Princess Fawzia-Latifa (born 12 February 1982) and Prince Fakhruddin (born 25 August 1987).[1]: 130  The family lived together in Paris until the parents' divorce.[citation needed] After the divorce, Fuad wasestranged from his children untilc. 2011.[18] Fuad has four grandchildren.[citation needed]

Later life

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After his divorce from Fadila, Fuad returned to Switzerland to stay close with his half-sisters.[17]

In May 2010, he recorded a television interview withONTV and talked about his visits to Egypt, how he felt about the Egyptian people, and their view of his late father.

In an October 2013 interview withL'Illustré, Fuad criticized theMuslim Brotherhood, saying that "the Islamists brought the country to ruin in a few months. [...] They devastated the economy, they wanted to suppress women's rights and allow marriage for girls from the age of nine." He also stated that he would support the candidacy ofField MarshalAbdel Fattah el-Sisi as president of Egypt.[20] In September 2014, Sisi granted him a diplomatic passport with the job description of "former king of Egypt".[25]

In 2023,The Economist reported that some Egyptians were clamoring for his return as Egypt's ruler, as frustration with Sisi's rule deepened.[26]

Ancestry

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Ancestors of Fuad II of Egypt[27]
8.Isma'il Pasha,Khedive of Egypt
4.Fuad I of Egypt
9.Ferial Hanem
2.Farouk I of Egypt
10.Abdel Rahim Sabri Pasha, Governor of Cairo
5.Nazli Sabri
11. Tawfika Sharif Hanim
1.Fuad II of Egypt
12. Ali Sadek Bey
6. Hussain Fahmi Sadek Bey
3.Narriman Sadek
14. Mahmoud Kamel
7. Asila Kamel Khanum
Patrilineal descent
  1. Ibrahim Agha
  2. Muhammad Ali of Egypt, 1769–1849
  3. Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt, 1789–1848
  4. Isma'il Pasha, 1830–1895
  5. Fuad I of Egypt, 1868–1936
  6. Farouk of Egypt, 1920–1965
  7. Fuad II of Egypt, b. 1952

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^Fuad's full name is Ahmed Fuad bin Farouk bin Ismail bin Ibrahim bin Muhammad Ali.[1]: 129 
  2. ^It was also reported that Fuad was proclaimed as King Ahmed Fuad II of Egypt and the Sudan.[11][12][13]

References

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  1. ^abcdefghRosten, David B. (2015).The Last Cheetah of Egypt: A Narrative History of Egyptian Royalty from 1805 to 1953. iUniverse.ISBN 9781491779392.
  2. ^ab"King Farouk Has An Heir At Last".The Sydney Morning Herald. Vol. 35, no. 591. 17 January 1952. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  3. ^Bardakçı, Murat (2017).Neslishah: The Last Ottoman Princess. Oxford University Press. p. 164.ISBN 978-977-416-837-6.
  4. ^"Queen Narriman of Egypt Has Son; Joyful Nation Greets Farouk's Heir; 6 1/2-Pound Crown Prince Named Ahmed Fuad After Grandfather, the Late King – 101-Gun Salute Sounds Over Cairo".The New York Times. 17 January 1952.ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  5. ^"Egypt: Blessed Day".Time. 28 January 1952.ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  6. ^"Farouk's heir".Newsweek. Vol. 39. 1952. p. 34. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  7. ^abMorgan, Robert (2016).History of the Coptic Orthodox People and the Church of Egypt. FriesenPress. p. 460.ISBN 978-1-4602-8027-0. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  8. ^ab"Farouk abdicates".LIFE Magazine. Vol. 33, no. 5. 4 August 1952. p. 32. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  9. ^Crompton, Paul (25 January 2014)."The overthrow of Egypt's King Farouk: a dramatic departure from power".Al Arabiya English. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  10. ^abcdeLagnado, Lucette (18 September 2010)."The Lonely King Without a Throne".The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  11. ^"British warships sail for Egypt".Manchester Guardian. 28 July 1952. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  12. ^The Unicorn Book of 1952. Joseph Laffan Morse. Unicorn Books. 1952. p. 226. Retrieved10 December 2022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
  13. ^Britannica Book of the Year 1953. London:Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1953. p. 10. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  14. ^"Simple life for a King".Life Magazine. Vol. 33, no. 6. 11 August 1952. p. 24. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  15. ^abRizk, Yunan Labib (27 January – 2 February 2005)."Royal help".Al-Ahram. Archived fromthe original on 24 October 2005. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  16. ^Ramadan, Nada (4 August 2015)."'Last King of Egypt' cancels Suez Canal visit".The New Arab. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  17. ^abVictor, Dalia; Farouk, Sanaa (16 March 2022)."Egypt's last monarch visits Egypt".Watani. Retrieved11 December 2022.
  18. ^abcdefgWhitworth, Damian (3 February 2011)."Egypt's last king on life in exile".The Times. Retrieved10 December 2022.
  19. ^Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku; Gates Jr., Henry Louis (2 February 2012).Dictionary of African Biography. Vol. 1–6. OUP USA. p. 351.ISBN 9780195382075.
  20. ^abHabel, Robert (16 October 2013)."Fouad II: «Je suis le dernier roi d'Egypte»".L'Illustré (in French). Archived fromthe original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved30 July 2025.
  21. ^abcdeMaurisse, Marie (20 March 2011)."Fouad II d'Égypte, le roi oublié" [Fuad II of Egypt, the forgotten king].Le Figaro (in French). Retrieved10 December 2022.
  22. ^Arrott, Elizabeth (2 December 2009)."Exiled Egyptian Princess Mourned in Cairo".Voice of America. Archived fromthe original on 11 December 2022. Retrieved11 December 2022.
  23. ^abcMontgomery-Massingberd, Hugh, ed. (1980). "The Royal House of Egypt".Burke's Royal Families of the World. Vol. II: Africa & the Middle East. London: Burke's Peerage. pp. 20–37.ISBN 978-0-85011-029-6.OCLC 18496936.
  24. ^abWebster, Paul (16 September 2002)."Egypt's last queen ousted from palatial Parisian apartment".The Guardian. Retrieved11 December 2022.
  25. ^"السيسي يمنح الملك أحمد فؤاد الثاني جواز سفر دبلوماسياً".Al-Watan (in Arabic). 4 September 2014. Retrieved29 December 2024.
  26. ^"Egyptians are disgruntled with President Abdel-Fattah al-Sisi".The Economist. 15 June 2023. Retrieved25 October 2023.Even the 71-year-old Ahmed Fouad, the son of the late King Farouk who resides in Switzerland and speaks broken Arabic, is occasionally mentioned.
  27. ^Montgomery-Massingberd, Hugh, ed. (1980). "The French Ancestry of King Farouk of Egypt".Burke's Royal Families of the World. Vol. II: Africa & the Middle East. London: Burke's Peerage. p. 287.ISBN 978-0-85011-029-6.OCLC 18496936.

Further reading

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External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related toFuad II of Egypt.
Fuad II of Egypt
Born: 16 January 1952
Regnal titles
Preceded byKing of Egypt and the Sudan
26 July 1952 – 18 June 1953		Succeeded byasPresident of Egypt
Egyptian royalty
Preceded byPrince of the Sa'id
16 January 1952 – 26 July 1952		Vacant
Title next held by
Muhammad Ali
Titles in pretence
Loss of title
Monarchy abolished
— TITULAR —
King of Egypt and the Sudan
18 June 1953 – present		Incumbent
Heir apparent:
Muhammad Ali
Muhammad Ali dynasty (1805–1953)
Monarchs
Consorts
Heirs
Princes
Princesses
International
National
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