| Frontier Corps سرحد واہنی | |
|---|---|
 The main logo of the FC | |
| Abbreviation | FC |
| Motto | ہر دم پُر دم (Urdu for 'Always Vibrant')[1] |
| Agency overview | |
| Formed | 1878; 147 years ago (1878) |
| Employees | 70,000 personnel as of 2017[update] |
| Annual budget | Rs. 105 billion (2024) |
| Jurisdictional structure | |
| Federal agency | Pakistan |
| Operations jurisdiction | Pakistan |
| Governing body | Ministry of Interior |
| Constituting instrument |
|
| General nature | |
| Specialist jurisdictions |
|
| Operational structure | |
| Overseen by | Pakistan Army |
| Headquarters | |
| Elected officer responsible |
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| Agency executives |
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| Parent agency | Civil Armed Forces |
| Website | |
| www www | |
TheFrontier Corps (Urdu:سرحد واہنی,reporting name:FC) are a group of four paramilitary forces of Pakistan, operating in the provinces ofBalochistan andKhyber Pakhtunkhwa, to maintain law and order while overseeing the country's borders withAfghanistan andIran. There are four Frontier Corps:FC KPK (North) andFC KPK (South) stationed inKhyber Pakhtunkhwa province (formed from the previously named North-West Frontier Province and theFederally Administered Tribal Areas), andFC Balochistan (North) andFC Balochistan (South) stationed inBalochistan province.
The Frontier Corps are often confused withFrontier Constabulary as both forces are abbreviated as ''FC''. Frontier Corps are group of four paramilitary forces officered by thePakistan Army. On the other hand, Frontier Constabulary is a unified force officered by thePolice Service of Pakistan.
Each Corps is headed by asecondedinspector general, who is aPakistan Army officer of at least major-general rank, although the force itself is officially under the jurisdiction of theInterior Ministry.[3]
With a total manpower of approximately 70,000,[4][5] and a budget ofRs. 105 billion,[6] the task of the Frontier Corps is to help local law enforcement, and to carry out border patrol, counter-insurgency, counter-terrorism and anti-smuggling operations.[7]
Each Corps consists of several regiments, themselves composed of one or morebattalion-sized wings. Some of the regiments were raised during thecolonial era. These include theChitral Scouts, theKhyber Rifles, theKurram Militia, the Tochi Scouts, the South Waziristan Scouts, and theZhob Militia. The Khyber Rifles were in fact regularised during theIndo-Pakistani War of 1965 and fought with distinction in Kashmir.
The Frontier Corps was created in 1907 byLord Curzon, theviceroy of British India, in order to organize seven militia and scout units in the tribal areas along the border with Afghanistan: theKhyber Rifles, theZhob Militia, the Kurram Militia, the Tochi Scouts, theChagai Militia, the South Waziristan Scouts and theChitral Scouts.[3]
The Frontier Corps was led by an "inspecting officer" who was a British officer of the rank oflieutenant colonel. In 1943 the inspecting officer was upgraded to aninspector general (an officer with the rank ofbrigadier), and the corps was expanded with the addition of new units—the Second Mahsud Scouts (raised in 1944) and the Pishin Scouts (in 1946).[3]
After Pakistan gained independence in 1947, Pakistan expanded the corps further by creating a number of new units, including the Thal Scouts, the Northern Scouts, theBajaur Scouts, the Karakoram Scouts, the Kalat Scouts, the Dir Scouts and the Kohistan Scouts. British officers continued to serve in the Frontier Corps up to the early 1950s. The corps was split into two major subdivisions with FC Balochistan incorporating the Zhob Militia, the Sibi Scouts, the Kalat Scouts, the Makran Militia, the Kharan Rifles, the Pishin Scouts, the Chaghai Militia and the First Mahsud Scouts.[3] In 1975 three units, theGilgit Scouts, the Karakoram Scouts and the Northern Scouts, were merged to form a new paramilitary force called theNorthern Light Infantry, which is now a full infantry regiment of the Pakistan Army.[8]
In the mid-1970s, the Pakistani government used FC Balochistan to counter the terrorists in Balochistan, and the force is unpopular among some of the local population who associate them with and heavy-handed operations. To improve the image of the corps, it has been involved in the construction of schools and hospitals, although as of late 2004, corps installations in the province were being routinely attacked by terrorists.[3]
In the late 1990s, the Frontier Corps played an important role in eliminatingopium poppy cultivation fromDir District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.[3]
In 2007, after the collapse of truce agreements between the Pakistani government and local militants, the Frontier Corps, teamed with regular Pakistani military units, conducted incursions into tribal areas controlled by the militants. The effort produced a series of bloody and clumsy confrontations.[7] On 30 August, scores of Pakistani troops, mostly from the Frontier Corps, were captured by militants. In early November, most were released in exchange for 25 militants held by the Pakistan Army.[7]
There is a widespread consensus among United States government military and intelligence experts that the Frontier Corps are the best potential military units against the Islamist militants because its troops are locally recruited, know local languages and understand local cultures. The United States provided more than US$7 billion in military aid to Pakistan from 2002 to 2007, most of which was used to equip the Frontier Corps because it is in the front line of the fight against the Islamist insurgents. From late 2007, the Pakistani government intended to expand the corps to 100,000 and use it more in fighting Islamist militants, particularly Al-Qaeda, after extensive consultations with the U.S. government, with a multi-year plan to bolster the effort, including the establishment of a counterinsurgency training centre.[7] The US Obama policy for Pakistan was seen as a clear victory for the Pakistan Army lobby in the US. The $1.5 billion a year unrestricted aid recently[when?] announced will go a long way in seeing that the Frontier Corps stay at the height of their professional abilities due to new equipment and training.
The Corps has also fired occasionally on the U.S.-assistedAfghan Army.[9]
During times of difficulties, the government occasionally gives the FC the power to arrest and detain suspects such as in late 2012 in Balochistan[10] and early 2013 in Quetta by orders from thePrime Minister of Pakistan.[11] These temporary powers can be extended on the orders or consent of the provincial government, federal government, or both.[12]
The senior command posts are filled by officers seconded from the Pakistan Army for two to three years.[3] The four Corps are divided into forty two regiments, most of which are composed of a number ofbattalion-sized "wings" together with a number of training and support units. See the daughter articles for listings of regiments.
There were a total of 70,000 active personnel as of 2017 and additional wings have been raised to meet the security challenges.[4][13] Frontier Corps units are locally recruited and are officered by Pakistani Army officers.
In January 2022 during a press briefingPakistan military spokesperson GeneralBabar Iftikhar said, as a part of Pakistan's Western border management, 67 new wings have been established for the FC Balochistan and FC Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to strengthen border security and formation of the six more wings is in process.[14][15][16]
| Rank group | General / flag officers | Senior officers | Junior officers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pakistan Frontier Corps |  |  |  |  | _Pakistan_Army.svg) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commandant کمانڈنٹ | Deputy commandant ڈپٹی کمانڈنٹ۔ | Senior superintendent سینئر سپرنٹنڈنٹ۔ | Superintendent سپرنٹنڈنٹ۔ | Assistant district officer اسسٹنٹ ڈسٹرکٹ آفیسر۔ | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank group | Junior commissioned officers | Non commissioned officer | Enlisted | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pakistan Frontier Corps |  |  |  |  |  |  | No insignia | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Subedar صوبیدار | Naib subedar نائب صوبیدار | Head constable ہیڈ کانسٹیبل۔ | Havildar حوالدار | Naik نائیک | Lance naik لانس نائیک | Sepoy سپاہی | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
After independence in 1947, the Inspectors-General were as follows:
For subsequent inspectors general, see the daughter articles.
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