Fredrick Chien Chien Foo | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
錢復 | |||||||
 Official portrait, 1997 | |||||||
| President ofControl Yuan | |||||||
| In office 1 February 1999 – 1 February 2005 | |||||||
| Preceded by | Wang Tso-yung | ||||||
| Succeeded by | Wang Chien-shien (2008) | ||||||
| Speaker of theNational Assembly | |||||||
| In office 8 July 1996 – 13 January 1999 | |||||||
| Preceded by | Title Established | ||||||
| Succeeded by | Su Nan-cheng | ||||||
| Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of China | |||||||
| In office 1 June 1990 – 10 June 1996 | |||||||
| Vice | Stephen S. F. Chen | ||||||
| Preceded by | Lien Chan | ||||||
| Succeeded by | John Chiang | ||||||
| Chairman of theCouncil for Economic Planning and Development | |||||||
| In office 22 July 1988 – 1 June 1990 | |||||||
| Preceded by | Chao Yao-tung | ||||||
| Succeeded by | Shirley Kuo | ||||||
| Minister without Portfolio of theExecutive Yuan | |||||||
| In office 22 July 1988 – 1 June 1990 | |||||||
| Premier | Yu Kuo-hwa Lee Huan | ||||||
| ROCRepresentative to theUnited States | |||||||
| In office 19 November 1982 – 20 July 1988 | |||||||
| Preceded by | Cai Weiping | ||||||
| Succeeded by | Ting Mao-shih | ||||||
| Director-General of theGovernment Information Office | |||||||
| In office 1 June 1972 – 19 May 1975 | |||||||
| Preceded by | James Wei | ||||||
| Succeeded by | Ting Mao-shih | ||||||
| Personal details | |||||||
| Born | (1935-03-21)21 March 1935 (age 90) Beijing,Republic of China | ||||||
| Political party | Kuomintang | ||||||
| Spouse | |||||||
| Children |
| ||||||
| Parents |
| ||||||
| Relatives | Robert Chien,Shu Chien (brothers) Chien Hong-ye (grandfather) | ||||||
| Education | National Taiwan University (BA) Yale University (MA,PhD) | ||||||
| Signature |  | ||||||
| Military service | |||||||
| Allegiance |  Republic of China | ||||||
| Branch/service |  Republic of China Army | ||||||
| Years of service | 1956–1958 | ||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 錢復 | ||||||
| |||||||
Chien Foo (traditional Chinese:錢復;simplified Chinese:钱复;pinyin:Qián Fù; born 21 March 1935), also known by his English nameFredrick Foo Chien, is a Taiwanese diplomat and politician who served as thePresident of the Republic of ChinaControl Yuan from 1999 to 2005.[1] After graduating fromYale University, he assumed a series of governmental positions include Director-General of theGovernment Information Office from 1972 to 1975, Republic of ChinaRepresentative to theUnited States from 1982 to 1988, Chairman of theCouncil for Economic Planning and Development from 1988 to 1990, andMinister of Foreign Affairs from 1990 to 1996. He was also the Speaker of theNational Assembly between 1996 and 1999.
Chien and his parents originate fromHangzhou,Zhejiang. Chien's paternal grandfather, Chien Hong-Yeh, was a Chief Judge of the Criminal Court in Shanghai. Chien's father,Chien Shih-Liang, was a chemist and educator, and the former President of theNational Taiwan University andAcademia Sinica.[2] Chien's mother was Chang Wan-tu.
He was born in Peking's Shou Shan Hospital, a hospital of thePeking Union Medical College, on March 21, 1935 (February 17 on the lunar calendar). In the fall of 1937, at the age of two, as theSecond Sino-Japanese War broke out, his family moved toShanghai to live with his paternal grandfather. His grandfather was assassinated during theWang Jingwei regime in July 1940 after refusing to go along with a Japanese attempt to control the court system. After the war ended, his family moved back to Peking, where his father became the chair ofPeking University's Chemistry Department at the invitation of PresidentFu Ssu-nien. With theChinese Civil War, his family moved to Shanghai in mid-January 1949 and then to Taiwan with the Nationalist Government in mid-February.
In Taiwan, Chien was a student atJianguo High School, where he graduated in 1952. He attendedNational Taiwan University as an undergraduate, graduating in 1956 with a bachelor's degree with honors inpolitical science. During his time at the National Taiwan University, he was elected as the president of thestudent government [zh] and held the firstModel United Nations conference in Taiwan.[3][4] He also joined theChina Youth Corps, where he visited Turkey and Spain in 1955. Chien passed the foreign service examination in 1956.
After completing hisconscription, he pursued advanced studies in the United States, first earning an M.A. degree fromYale University inNew Haven, Connecticut, in 1959 and then a Ph.D. in international relations from Yale in 1962.[1][5] He wrote his thesis onQing dynasty China's diplomacy inJoseon dynasty Korea during the opening of Korea, focusing on the period between theJapan-Korea Treaty of 1876 until the 1885Convention of Tientsin.[6]
Chen was engaged toJulie Tien on September 16, 1961, with MadameHu Shih presiding over the ceremony in New York. Hu Shih was close to the Chien family, having mentored Chien since his time in Peking.[7] On September 22, 1963, the couple were married at Taipei's Armed Forces Officers Club withWang Yun-wu officiating their marriage.
Upon returning to Taiwan in 1961, Chien interned at theMinistry of Foreign Affairs for three months and subsequently joined the Ministry in early 1962. Within months, he transferred to theExecutive Yuan, as a secretary and the English interpreter forPremier andVice PresidentChen Cheng.[8] Chien also served as the English secretary and interpreter for PresidentChiang Kai-shek from 1965 to 1975.[9][10][11][12] Remembering his experience as an aide to President Chiang Kai-shek, Chien once said: "Sometimes I did oral translation four to five times a day. I was lucky to come into contact with the late President and leaders of many other nations. I was greatly enlightened by listening to their conversations."[13]
In 1963, Chien was awarded the 1st Annual Ten Outstanding Young Persons Award of the Republic of China along with other figures such as businessmanWu Yao-ting and politicianPeng Ming-min.
Chien was an executive officer for the Ministry from 1962 to 1963 and section chief of the 1st Section of the Department of North American Affairs from 1964 to March 1967. He served as the deputy director-general of the Department from March 1967 to July 1969 and then as director-general from July 1969 to June 1972.[14] As Director-General in Taipei, he pushed to accelerate congressional liaison work in Washington. He also helped initiated massive invitational programs for senators, members of the House, and congressional aides to visit Taiwan.[15]
On August 18, 1969, Chien graduated from the 10th class of theDefense Research Institute [zh].[16]
In September 1971, Chien attended the Twenty-sixth session of theUnited Nations General Assembly as an advisor to thePermanent Mission of the Republic of China to the UN.[17][18]After the US-sponsored "Important Question Variation" Resolution was defeated by a vote of 55–59, on October 25, the UN General Assembly passedResolution 2758 and recognized thePeople's Republic of China (PRC) as "the only legitimate representative of China to the United Nations."[15]
Two months prior toRichard Nixon's 1972 visit to China, Chien interpreted for Deputy PremierChiang Ching-Kuo during a two-hours long conversation withUS AmbassadorWalter P. McConaughy.[15]
In March 1972, he met with his counterpart,Assistant Secretary of State for Far Eastern AffairsMarshall Green, in Taipei and discussed the after-effects of Nixon's visit to the mainland. During their conversation, the two discussed the meaning of the "normalization" of relations with the mainland. Green claimed that the US would maintain diplomatic ties and theSino-American Mutual Defense Treaty with the ROC.[15]
Chien taught at theNational Chengchi University as an adjunct associate professor between 1962 and 1964, and as an adjunct professor at National Taiwan University from 1970 to 1972.[19]
In June 1972, Chien was appointed as the 7thDirector-General of theGovernment Information Office (GIO) by Premier Chiang Ching-kuo, succeedingJames Wei.
On June 11, 1974, Chien presided over the opening ceremony of the 20thAsian Film Festival held in Taipei. The festival was attended by nearly 400 performers, directors, and producers. As the masters of ceremonies, Chien proclaimed that "[w]e (Asian countries) have no wish to take a back seat in any phase of film-making" and that "[w]e shall produce more and better films not only for entertainment but also for education."[20][21]
As the Director-General of the GIO, Chien hosted the 10th and 11thGolden Bell Awards in 1974 and 1975.
Chien traveled abroad seven times as Director-General, with four trips to theUnited States, two toEurope, and one toKorea.[22]Floyd Kalber interviewed Chien onNBC'sToday Show on April 16, 1974, and he also appeared onABC'sAM America on March 14, 1975. On March 18, 1975, Chien delivered an address to a Joint Session of theNew Hampshire State Legislature, speaking about the friendship between the two nations and ROC's goal towards economic equality.[23] During his trips, he met withUnited States Information Agency DirectorFrank Shakespeare,Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific AffairsRobert S. Ingersoll, formerGovernor of CaliforniaPat Brown, AdmiralJohn S. McCain Jr., and more.
Ting Mao-shih replaced Chien as the Director-General of the Government Information Office in May 1975.
The Cabinet approved Chien's appointment as Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs on May 15, 1975, and Chien assumed his new position on May 19.[24]
On February 14, 1978, Chien began an eight-country diplomatic tour to strengthen ties with European nations. The trip included stops inBelgium, theNetherlands,France,Italy, theHoly See, and more. During the same trip, he met with the Austrian ChancellorBruno Kreisky and foreign ministerWillibald Pahr.
After PresidentJimmy Carter's announcement to de-recognize the Republic of China on December 16, 1978, Chien met with US AmbassadorLeonard S. Unger and provided six suggestions to the US Government. According to the Chien, the recommendations included: 1) to protect the Chinese residing in the United States; 2) to safeguard our properties in the US; 3) to refrain from lobbying other friendly government to follow the US lead; 4) to secure the validity of treaties and agreements between us; 5) to set up new offices for continuing all kinds of exchanges (we suggested the name should be 'Republic of China Liaison Office in the United States' as proposed by Senator Edward Kennedy earlier); and, 6) to continue supplying us with defensive weapons as required.[15]
On December 27, Chien received the United States delegation led byDeputy Secretary of StateWarren Christopher. During the joint press conference atTaipei Songshan Airport, Chien stated that the de-recognition "disrupted the traditional friendship and harmonious relations between our two countries and has seriously impaired the peace and security of the Asian‐Pacific region."[25] He also declared that "the US government unilaterally yielded to Chinese Communist terms" in severing diplomatic relations and disregarding commitments such as the Mutual Defense Treaty.[26] Recalling the press conference and the statement he made on behalf of the ROC government, Chien said: "That was not my opinion only. I was speaking from the point of view of my country. Though I received warm praise for my speech, my heart was still heavy, since the break in relations seemed to show that all the efforts of diplomats, including myself, had been in vain."[13]
Chien was promoted to the Deputy Foreign Minister position on July 26, 1979, while serving concurrently as the Director-General of the Department of Policy Planning.[27][28]
In December 1979, Chien visitedThailand and met withPrime MinisterKriangsak Chamanan and discussed the economic outlook and the status of refugees in Thailand.
Deputy Foreign Minister Chien and Mrs. Chien, along with GIO Director-GeneralJames Soong, Deputy Director-General of theBureau of Foreign TradeVincent Siew, and others accompanied PremierSun Yun-suan on a two-week tour of three Central American allies – Costa Rica, Panama, and the Dominican Republic – in August 1980. The delegation met with PresidentRodrigo Carazo of Costa Rica, PresidentAristides Royo of Panama, and PresidentAntonio Guzmán of the Dominican Republic.[29]
In early June 1981, Chien made a trip toSingapore and met withPrime MinisterLee Kuan Yew and discussed issues around regional stability. Chien and Lee remained lifelong friends.
In December, Chien accompanied Premier Sun Yun-suan on a visit toIndonesia and met withSuharto and other key officials.
In 1982, Chien became the first ROC Deputy Foreign Minister to visit Japan after the break of diplomatic relations ten years prior. He met withChief Cabinet SecretaryKiichi Miyazawa on April 12 and with Foreign MinisterYoshio Sakurauchi on April 13.
Also, in 1982, before the issuance of theThird Communiqué (817 Communiqué), which included language on the US's intent to decrease itssale of arms to Taiwan gradually,American Institute in Taiwan (AIT) DirectorJames R. Lilley personally deliveredRonald Reagan'sSix Assurances to Chien. Chien then passed the message on to President Chiang Ching-kuo.[5][30]
He remained as Deputy Foreign Minister until November 19, 1982, when he was appointed as the ROC Representative to the United States by President Chiang Ching-kuo.
From November 1982 to July 1988, Chien served as the Representative (ambassador equivalent) of theCoordination Council for North American Affairs (CCNAA) Office in the United States, ROC'sde facto embassy inWashington, D.C. Mr. and Mrs. Chien arrived at their new post on January 7, 1963, and was greeted by the former Congressman & Mrs.Walter Judd at theWashington Dulles International Airport.
Upon arriving at his new post, he "found the new assignment very tough, as there was a lack of trust on both sides," and morale at the office was low.[15] He also had to check in with the State Department on everything he did, such as accepting invitations and giving interviews. Soon afterward, such restrictions were lifted.
According to AIT ChairmanDavid Dean [zh], Chien was a brilliant and effective envoy, and his term as the ROC representative "was off to a running start and didn't seem to slow down the entire time he was in Washington."[5][31] A declassifiedCentral Intelligence Agency memo noted Chien's ability to cultivate relationships with key figures in the US government and private sector and described him as a tough and aggressive diplomat who is "willing to compromise on form in order to obtain a stronger substantive relationship."[32]
Due to the unique status of the ROC, as its representative in the United States, Chien once said: "establishing a long-term friendship requires working at building up good will" and that "all the things in Sino-American relations that are good for us can't be discussed, and the things that are bad are the ones that everyone sees."[33]
Shortly upon arriving at the United States, on January 12, 1983, Chien met with Assistant Secretary of State for East Asian and Pacific AffairsPaul Wolfowitz on SecretaryGeorge Shultz's forthcoming trip to the mainland. Wolfowitz briefed Chien again on February 16 after the Secretary's visit.
On February 18, only a month and a half after assuming his post, at the introduction of SenatorJames A. McClure, Chien met with President Ronald Reagan at aConservative Political Action Conference reception.
On May 19, at the AIT Washington headquarters located inArlington County, Virginia, Chien met withNational Security AdvisorWilliam P. Clark Jr., National Security Council'sGaston J. Sigur Jr., and AIT's David Dean. Chien said that arms sales are essential to the confidence of Taiwan's public. Chien also referenced that Taiwan is willing to help the US assist the economic developments in theCentral America region and that joint projects with American funds would be undertaken by Taiwanese personnel and technical teams.[34]
On December 1, Mr. and Mrs. Chien were invited by Vice PresidentGeorge H. W. Bush for a welcome dinner at theAlibi Club, where they discussed their studies at Yale University, bilateral relations between the ROC and US, and the effects of high-level visits between the US and mainland China on Taiwan.[31]
Prior to President Regan's April 1984 visit to the mainland, Chien worked withWhite House Chief of StaffJames Baker, NSC's Sigur, and State Department's Wolfowitz to prevent US concessions to China on issues related to Taiwan.[31]
After the death of theRepublic of China statesmanWellington Koo at the age of 97, Chien delivered a eulogy for the formerChinese Ambassador to the United States on November 19, 1985, at Manhattan'sFrank E. Campbell Funeral Chapel.[35][36]
During his tenure, Chien delivered a total of 224 speeches.[37] Chien spoke at the state legislatures ofArizona,Pennsylvania, andWest Virginia, theUS Conference of Mayors, and think tanks such as but not limited to theCouncil on Foreign Relations,Atlantic Council, and theWorld Affairs Council.[15][38] He also toured prestigious universities and gave speeches atYale,Cornell,Michigan, andGeorgetown. In an October 1986 speech atHarvard University titled "The Taiwan Experience Progress – Toward Democracy," Chien spoke about Taiwan's model of development, the processes involved in the success of Taiwan's economic growth, and the benefits of land reform.[39]
In a 1988 interview with theLos Angeles Times'sJames Mann, Chien said that he personally met with all 100 members of theUnited States Senate and met with approximately 230 members of theHouse of Representatives. In the same interview, he also added that "[a]ll the meetings (with executive-branch officials) have to be on neutral ground, such as restaurants, hotels and what-not," and "[i]n terms of frequency, it's much more frequent now than before 1979."[40] Mann went on to say that "Fredrick Chien may not be an Ambassador, but his understanding of how Washington operated and his influence probably exceeded 98% of all ambassadors in Washington."
When Chien was scheduled to leave his post in 1988, over 50 congressmen and senators gave farewell speeches on the floor and paid tribute to Chien's work as the ROC representative.[5][41][42] An honor seldom enjoyed even by departing foreign ambassadors. His farewell reception on August 8 at theHyatt Regency Washington on Capitol Hill was attended by more than 3200 guests from all three branches of government, including but not limited toUnder Secretary of State for Political AffairsMichael Armacost,Attorney GeneralEdwin Meese,Secretary of CommerceWilliam Verity Jr.,Secretary of AgricultureRichard Lyng, 17 senators, 48 members of congress, and an associate justice of theSupreme Court of the United States.
When Chien arrived in Washington, D.C., in 1983,Twin Oaks, ROC ambassador's former residence, required extensive repairs upon the transfer of the property back to the ROC Government from the Friends of Free China Association a few months prior.[43] Chien and his wife supervised the repair and restoration of the 26-room English Georgian Renaissance-style mansion.[44] The Chiens sourcedChinese calligraphy and paintings through the Director of theNational Palace Museum and furniture from theVeterans Affairs Council's associated businesses. Upon its completion, while the mission was no longer the representative's residence, it was used for cultural, economic, and social purposes.[45] After being closed for two thousand plus days and a nine-months restoration, which cost US$500,000, Twin Oaks reopened on September 13, 1984, and held its first social event forHoward University on the following day.[46]
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Early in Chien's tenure as the ROC Representative, he purchased the land of the current office building ofTaipei Economic and Cultural Representative Office in the United States (TECRO), back then known as CCNAA Office in the United States, onWisconsin Avenue inNorthwest, Washington, D.C. The original office building was located on the outskirts of Washington, D.C., onRiver Road inBethesda, Maryland.[47] The new 5-story building broke ground in January 1985 and was completed on November 25 of the following year.[48][49]
Following the death of President Chiang Ching-kuo in 1988, Chien was recalled to Taipei and appointed by PresidentLee Teng-hui as theChairman of theCouncil for Economic Planning and Development.[50] During his tenure, he served concurrently as aMinister without Portfolio of theExecutive Yuan, also known as Minister of State. In 1988, Chien was elected as a member of theKuomintang Central Standing Committee at the13th National Congress serving in the role until 1998.
Shirley Kuo, theMinister of Finance and Taiwan's first female cabinet minister, was selected as Chein's replacement as Chairperson of the Council for Economic Planning and Development.
On June 1, 1990, as part of the newHau Pei-tsun cabinet, Chien was appointed the Minister ofForeign Affairs replacingLien Chan. During his tenure as Foreign Minister, he also served a member of theVeterans Affairs Council,Mainland Affairs Council, andCouncil for Cultural Affairs.
Saudi Arabia became the first diplomatic ally to cease ties with the ROC during Chien's tenure, and it established diplomatic relations with the People's Republic in July 1990.[51]
In January 1991, Mr. and Mrs. Chien traveled to Africa to meet withSouth Africa'sF. W. de Klerk andSwaziland'sMswati III. The Chiens were accompanied by Section ChiefDavid Lin, who would, later on, become the Minister of Foreign Affairs under PresidentMa Ying-jeou's administration.[52] During a meeting with President de Klerk on January 22, the South African leader assured that his government cherished the special relationship with the ROC and that there was no hidden agenda to develop relations with the mainland.[53] During the visit, Chien and South Africa'sMinister of FinanceBarend du Plessis signed an agreement for the ROC to provide South Africa's Industrial Development Corporation with a $60 million low-interest loan.[54][55]
Speaking at the International Conference on the Republic of China and the New International Order on August 21, 1991, Chien said that his country stands beside the freedom-loving nations of the world and is "willing to seize every opportunity to fulfill (her) destiny in a transformed international context."[56] He added that the three prongs of "pragmatic diplomacy" are to consolidate and strengthen existing diplomatic ties, develop and upgrade substantive ties with countries without diplomatic relations, and to participate or resume participation in international organizations and activities according to a more flexible formula.[57]
In a December 1991 essay published inForeign Affairs, Chien shared Taiwan's model of "pragmatic diplomacy" and also stated that "Taiwan's experience shows that the Chinese people, like any other people, are fully capable of practicing democracy, promoting rapid economic growth ... and living peacefully with their neighbors." Chien also cited Taiwan's growing status in the international community, with its growing economic strength, rapid democratization, and flexible diplomacy.[58]
On June 29, 1992, Chien announced that the ROC resumed diplomatic relations with the African nation ofNiger, without asking the Niger government to sever ties with the mainland. Soon afterward, the mainland broke off diplomatic ties with Niger.[59]
During a July interview with political scientist Dennis V. Hickey, when asked about the issue of representation, Chien stressed that "we still adhere to the position of one China and that Taiwan is a part of (the Republic of) China."[60]
When theRepublic of Korea, the last Asian country with formal diplomatic relations with ROC, decided to transferdiplomatic recognition to the PRC in August, as foreign minister, Chien criticized"[t]he Government ofRoh Tae-woo has violated the trust and trampled on international justice."[61]
Chien and his wife Julie made a visit to Singapore in November 1992 despite Singapore's official diplomatic relationship with Beijing.[62][63]
Chien cited in the 1992 year-end press conference that while the ROC formally applied for accession to the GATT (under the name ofSeparate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu), "the biggest challenge for us...would be re-entry to the United Nations."[64]
Chien made a "private visit" to Japan as the ROC foreign minister in February 1993, marking the first ministerial visit to Japan since 1972 when the two nations broke its relations.[65][66]
On April 21, two weeks after President Lee's announcement at theLegislative Yuan, Chien announced that the ROC would formally apply to rejoin the UN by September 1995, the first time the ROC government published a timeframe on its bid to rejoin the UN.[67] On July 4, speaking on television, Chien called for the people of Taiwan to "tell their foreign friends that it is unfair and wrong for the international community to refuse to accept 20.8 million people who want to join the United Nations." Weeks later, on July 29, at the ROC-Central American Joint Cooperative Committee Conference, inSan José, Costa Rica, Chien called upon the attendees' nations to speak in favor of the ROC membership in the UN during the UN General Assembly.[68]
At a speech sponsored by the Friends of theEast-West Center on August 6, Chien said that close economic, commercial, and technological cooperation is key to avoiding confrontation. He also emphasized that the ROC intends to "be a partner for peace, progress and prosperity in what we hope will be a more enlightened era ahead."[69]
Commenting on the ROC's participation in the UN in January 1994 interview, Chien said: "Ever since we declared our intention to participate in the UN, (Beijing) has become even more adamant in its attempts to downgrade our (ROC) status and evade reality."[70]
Chien and President Lee attendedNelson Mandela's inauguration on May 10, 1994, after South Africa's historic all-raceelection.[71]
On January 3, 1996, the ROC andSenegal re-established diplomatic relations, bringing the number of countries that recognizes the ROC to 31. At the joint communique signing ceremony with Foreign MinisterMoustapha Niasse, Chien noted that the "establishment of diplomatic ties marks a significant development in our pursuit of pragmatic diplomacy."[72][55]
Later on towards his term as foreign minister, it was reported that Chien had quarrels with President Lee over the key elements of pragmatic diplomacy, leading Lee to shift more decision making directly to theOffice of the President.[73]
Chien was elected Speaker on July 8, 1996, four days after the 3rdNational Assembly (NA) began. Chien, a member of the KMT, was selected with the support of theNew Party, the third-largest party in the NA, as the KMT only held a slim majority in the Assembly.Hsieh Lung-sheng was elected as deputy speaker.[74]
On December 3, 1998, President Lee Teng-hui announced his intention to nominate Chien to replaceWang Tso-jung as the President of theControl Yuan. Lee sent the formal nomination over to the National Assembly for confirmation on December 5.[75] The confirmation introductions and hearings took place between December 16 and 22, and the review process by Assembly members took place between December 23 and January 12 of the following year. On January 13, 1999, the National Assembly confirmed Chien as President of the Control Yuan.[76] Chien was sworn in on February 1 for a six-year term.
In 2001, after theSeptember 11 attacks, Chien was asked by PresidentChen Shui-bian to visitNew York on behalf of the ROC government and to present a $1 million check for the people of the United States.[15][77]
In June 2004, President Chen appointed Chien as a special envoy to attend thestate funeral of former US PresidentRonald Reagan in the United States.[78]
On July 6, 2004, President Chen Shui-bian appointed Chien as the Chair of the319 Shooting Truth Investigation Special Committee.[79]
After more than four decades of career in public service, Chien concluded his six-year term on January 31, 2005, and returned to private life.
On March 9, 2005, Chien received theOrder of Chiang Chung-Cheng from President Chen Shui-bian for his service as the President of the Control Yuan. In his remarks, he stated the importance of an independent Control Yuan and its position in theConstitution of the Republic of China.
Following his tenure, the candidate nominated by President Chen Shui-bian was not confirmed by theLegislative Yuan controlled by theKuomintang; thus, the Control Yuan was idle until the confirmation ofWang Chien-shien 2008 under the newMa Ying-jeou administration.
Since his retirement in 2005, Chien has served as the Chairperson of the Cathay Charity Foundation and a senior advisor of theCathay United Bank.[80][81] Chien previously sat on the bank's board of directors.[2] Since 2011, Chien succeededLee Huan as the Chairman of the Pacific Cultural Foundation. Chien also serves along withMorris Chang andLien Chan as a board member for theChiang Ching-kuo Foundation for International Scholarly Exchange. The private nonprofit organization provides support for research grants on Chinese studies in the humanities and social sciences at overseas institutions.[82] Chien was elected chairman of the foundation in 2019.
Chien is a Distinguished Chair Professor atChung Hua University, a private universityHsinchu City, Taiwan, and the Honorary Dean of the university's Chung Hua College.[83]
Chien, along withAcer Inc.'sStan Shih and others, were promoters ofDharma Drum Mountain and Ven. MasterSheng-yen's New Six Ethics Campaign for Social Harmony and Peace.[84]
In 2010, Chien was awarded the Distinguished Alumni Award byNational Taiwan University.[85]
On March 24, 2015, Chien accompanied PresidentMa Ying-jeou to Singapore to pay last respects to Singapore's founding father,Lee Kuan Yew, at theprivate wake atSri Temasek.[86]
On May 12, 2020, Chien's new memoir presentation ceremony was attended by former Vice President Vincent Siew, former President of the Legislative YuanWang Jin-pyng, former Governor of theCentral BankPerng Fai-nan,Foxconn founderTerry Gou, in addition to three former Ministers of Foreign Affairs,Chen Chien-jen,Francisco Ou, andTimothy Yang. His wife, Julie, children Carl and Carol, and grandchildren were also present. At the event, Siew, who once worked under Chien as his deputy at the Council for Economic Planning and Development, credited Chien as a very successful and an excellent diplomat. Chien mentioned that the pragmatic diplomacy practiced during his time as the foreign minister did not equate to "money diplomacy." He also spoke about how he turned down President Lee Teng-hui's offer to form a cabinet as he believed that being premier was an impossible mission.
Chien, in his capacity as the senior advisor of theCross-Straits Common Market Foundation, attended and led multiple delegations to theBoao Forum for Asia in Hainan. From 2009 to 2011, Chien met withChinese PremierWen Jiabao, known to the media as the "Chien-Wen Meetings."[87][88][89]
Chien is married toJulie Tien, with whom he has a son and a daughter, Carl and Carol.Carl Chien received an MBA fromGeorgetown University and now serves as the Vice-chairman Asia Pacific and Senior Country Officer Taiwan forJPMorgan. Carl married Virginia (Ginny) Hu, with sons Justin, Darren, and Fred Jr., and daughter Christen. Carol married David Sun, with daughters Alex, Katherine, and son William.[90]
Chien is the youngest of the three siblings, the others being Robert and Shu. Chien's eldest brother,Robert Chien, was an economist and government official who served as theMinister of Finance, and theSecretary-General of the Executive Yuan. Chein's second brother,Shu Chien, is aphysiologist andbioengineer, a recipient of theNational Medal of Science, and a professor at theUniversity of California, San Diego.
Chien is known as one of the "four princes of Taiwan" along withLien Chan,Chen Li-an, andShen Chun-shan, all of whose fathers attained prominence in politics prior to their sons' successes.[79]
Chien is a member of the American University Club in Taipei and an honorary member of theClub of Rome.[91][92]
Chien speaksMandarin,English, andCantonese.[93] He also enjoys playinggolf.[94]
Chien once said that he is always serious in his attitude to life, study, work, and self-improvement.[13]
Republic of China:Order of Brilliant Star with Grand Cordon (1975) Republic of China:Order of Propitious Clouds with Special Grand Cordon (2000)[95] Republic of China:Order of Chiang Chung-Cheng (2005)[96]
South Korea:Order of Diplomatic Service Merit (1972)
South Vietnam: Sac-Lenh of theOrder of Kim Khanh (1973)
Paraguay: Grand Cross of the Order of National Merit (1975)
Dominican Republic: Grand Officer of theOrder of Merit of Duarte, Sánchez and Mella (1975) Dominican Republic: Grand Cross with Silver Breast Star of theOrder of Merit of Duarte, Sánchez and Mella (1975)
Honduras: Grand Cross with Silver Star of theJosé Cecilio del Valle Order (1979)
El Salvador: Grand Cross with Silver Star of theOrder of José Matías Delgado (1979)
Haiti: Grand Officer of theNational Order of Honour and Merit (1979)
South Africa: Grand Cross of theOrder of Good Hope (1979)
Panama:Order of Vasco Núñez de Balboa (1980) Dominican Republic: Grand Cross with Silver Breast Star of theOrder of Christopher Columbus (1982) Paraguay: Extraordinary Grand Cross of the Order of National Merit (1975)
Swaziland: Chief Counsellor of the Royal Order of the KingSobhuza II (1991) Honduras: Grand Cross with Silver Star of the Order of Francisco Morazán (1991)
Central African Republic: Grand Officer of theOrder of Central African Merit (1992)
Guatemala: Grand Cross of theOrder of the Quetzal (1992) El Salvador: Grand Cross with Silver Star of theOrder of José Matías Delgado (1992) Guatemala: Grand Cross of theOrder of Antonio José de Irisarri (1992)
Nicaragua: Grand Cross of the Order ofJosé Dolores EstradaBattle of San Jacinto (1993)
Costa Rica: Grand Silver Cross of the National Order ofJuan Mora Fernández (1993)[97]
Niger: Grand Officer of the National Order of Niger (1994)
Burkina Faso: Officer of the National Order of Burkina Faso (1994) Panama: Grand Cross of theOrder of Manuel Amador Guerrero (1994)
Guinea Bissau: National Order of Merit of Co-operation and Development (1995) Guatemala: Grand Cross of the Order of the National Sovereign Congress (1995)[98] South Korea: HonoraryLL.D. degree,Sung Kyun Kwan University (1972)[16]
United States: HonoraryD.Lit. degree,Wilson College (1993) United States: Honorary Dr. of Public Service,Florida International University (1994)[99] United States: HonoraryLL.D. degree,Boston University (1997) United States: HonoraryLL.D. degree,Idaho State University (1997)
| Government offices | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by | Director-General of theGovernment Information Office 1972–1975 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Chairman of theCouncil for Economic Planning and Development 1988–1990 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | Minister of Foreign Affairs 1990–1996 | Succeeded by |
| Preceded by | President of theControl Yuan 1999–2005 | Succeeded by Vacant (2005-2008) Wang Chien-shien (2008) |
| Diplomatic posts | ||
| Preceded by | ROCRepresentative to theUnited States 1982–1988 | Succeeded by |
| Political offices | ||
| Preceded by New office | Speaker of theNational Assembly 1996–1999 | Succeeded by |
| Non-profit organization positions | ||
| Preceded by | Chairperson of theCathay Charity Foundation 2005–present | Succeeded by Incumbent |
| Preceded by | Chairman of theChiang Ching-kuo Foundation 2019–present | Succeeded by Incumbent |
| ||
| Elections |  | |
| Family |
| |
| 1928—1948 (Nationalist government) | |
|---|---|
| 1948—1993 (original Constitution) | |
| 1993—present (amended Constitution) | |
"*" indicates acting | |
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Other | |
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