Fred Haise | |
|---|---|
 Haise in 1969 | |
| Born | Fred Wallace Haise Jr. (1933-11-14)November 14, 1933 (age 91) Biloxi, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Education | Perkinston Junior College (AA) University of Oklahoma (BS) |
| Spouse(s) | |
| Children | 4 |
| Awards | Presidential Medal of Freedom NASA Distinguished Service Medal |
| Space career | |
| NASA astronaut | |
| Rank | Captain,USMC (1954–1957) Captain,USAF (1957–1963) |
Time in space | 5d 22h 54m |
| Selection | NASA Group 5 (1966) |
| Missions | |
Mission insignia |   |
| Retirement | June 29, 1979 |
Fred Wallace Haise Jr. (/heɪz/HAYZ;[1] born November 14, 1933) is an American formerNASAastronaut,engineer,fighter pilot with theU.S. Marine Corps andU.S. Air Force, and atest pilot. He is one of24 people known to have flown to the Moon, having flown asLunar Module pilot onApollo 13. He was slated to become the 6th person to walk on the Moon, but the Apollo 13 landing mission was aborted en route.
Haise went on to fly fiveSpace ShuttleApproach and Landing Tests in 1977,[2] before retiring from NASA in 1979.[3]
Fred Wallace Haise, Jr. was born on November 14, 1933, and raised inBiloxi, Mississippi, to Fred Wallace Haise (1903–1960) and Lucille (née Blacksher) Haise (1913–2005).[4]: 1 [5] He has a younger sister who was born in 1941.[4]: 6 After theattack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, his father enlisted in theU.S. Navy at the age of 38, and the Haise family moved toChicago.[4]: 8 The family then moved toKey West, Florida, until his father's ship,YMS-84, deployed to theSouth Pacific, when the family moved back to Biloxi.[4]: 9–10 He graduated fromBiloxi High School in 1950.[4]: 13 He attendedPerkinston Junior College with a scholarship for journalism,[4]: 13 and played on the baseball team.[4]: 14 He graduated in 1952,[6] and joined the Naval Aviation Cadet Program.[4]: 16 He went to ground school atNAS Pensacola,[4]: 16 and then moved toNAS Whiting Field in 1952.[4]: 18 He trained in theSNJ andF6F Hellcat, and completed his flight training in 1954.[4]: 22–26 He served as aU.S. Marine Corpsfighterpilot, with VMF-533, then VMF-114 on theF2H-4 Banshee andF9F-8 Cougar atMCAS Cherry Point,North Carolina, from March 1954 to September 1956. Haise also served as a tactics and all-weatherflight instructor in the U.S. Navy Advanced Training Command atNAS Kingsville,Texas.[3]
Haise has accumulated 9,300 hours flying time, including 6,200 hours injets.[3]
After his military service, Haise returned to school and graduated with aBachelor of Science degree with honors inaeronautical engineering from theUniversity of Oklahoma in 1959, concurrently serving for two years in theOklahoma Air National Guard, as a fighter interceptor pilot with the185th Fighter Interceptor Squadron,[6] flying theF-86D. He then worked for the newly createdNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), first as a research pilot at theLewis Research Center nearCleveland. HisAir National Guard unit was called up during theBerlin Crisis of 1961 and he served ten months as a fighter pilot in theUnited States Air Force.[7] He was a tactical fighter pilot and chief of the 164th Standardization-Evaluation Flight of the164th Tactical Fighter Squadron atMansfield Lahm Air National Guard Base,Ohio,[3] flying theF-84F.
Haise completed post-graduate courses at theU.S. Air Force Aerospace Research Pilot School (Class 64A) atEdwards Air Force Base,California in 1964, and attended the six-weekHarvard Business School'sAdvanced Management Program in 1972.[3]
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In 1966, Haise was one of 19 astronauts selected forNASA Astronaut Group 5.[8] He had already worked with NASA for several years as a civilian research pilot. He was the first astronaut in his group to be assigned to a mission, serving as backup Lunar Module Pilot for bothApollo 8 andApollo 11.[3]
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It only seems interesting to the public if it's the first exploration of another planetary body, or if you're having a problem.
According to the rotation of crews during Apollo, Haise was originally assigned as Lunar Module Pilot forApollo 14, but his crew was switched to Apollo 13 so thatAlan Shepard could have more training time. He flew as Lunar Module Pilot on the abortedApollo 13 lunar mission in 1970.[10] Due to the distance between the Earth and Moon during the mission, Haise,Jim Lovell, andJack Swigert hold the record for the farthest distance from the Earth ever traveled by human beings.[11][12] Haise and Jack Swigert were the first people from Group 5 to fly in space. During this flight Haise developed aurinary tract infection and later kidney infections. These caused him to be in pain for most of the trip.[13]
Haise was slated to become the 6th human to walk on the Moon during Apollo 13 behind Lovell, who was to be 5th.[14]Alan Shepard andEdgar Mitchell eventually became the fifth and sixth, respectively, onApollo 14, which completed Apollo 13's mission to theFra Mauro formation.[15]
Haise later served as backup commander forApollo 16. Though there was no formal selection, Haise was prospectively slated to commandApollo 19 withWilliam R. Pogue as Command Module Pilot andGerald P. Carr as Lunar Module Pilot. However, the mission was canceled in 1970 due to budget cuts.[16]
After completing his backup assignment on Apollo 16, Haise moved to theSpace Shuttle program. In 1977, he participated in the program'sApproach and Landing Tests (ALT) atEdwards Air Force Base.[2][17][18] Along withC. Gordon Fullerton as pilot, Haise as commander piloted theSpace ShuttleEnterprise in free flight to three landings after being released from theShuttle Carrier Aircraft.[19][20][21] The tests verified the shuttle's flight characteristics, an important step toward the success of the program.[3]
Haise was assigned to commandSTS-2A, withJack R. Lousma as pilot, the second Space Shuttle mission, which would have delivered theTeleoperator Retrieval System that would have boostedSkylab to a higher orbit, preserving it for future use. Delays in the Shuttle program development as well as an unexpected increase in Skylab's orbital decay led to the mission being canceled. Skylab was destroyed upon entering the Earth's atmosphere in July 1979, while the Space Shuttle did not launch until April 1981.[22]
In June 1979, Haise left NASA to become a test pilot andexecutive withGrumman Aerospace Corporation, where he remained until retiring in 1996.[23] He was the only one of the four astronauts who conducted theEnterprise landing tests not to fly in space on the Shuttle.
Haise has four children with his first wife Mary Griffin Grant, whom he married on June 4, 1954, and divorced on July 21, 1978.[3] He married Frances Patt Price, on January 9, 1979.[24] On February 7, 2022, Frances died.[25]
On August 22, 1973, Haise was piloting aConvair BT-13 belonging to theCommemorative Air Force that had been converted to look like anAichi D3A "Val" torpedo bomber for the 1970 filmTora! Tora! Tora!. While attempting a landing go around atScholes Field inGalveston, Texas, an undetermined power plant failure led to a crash landing. Haise sufferedsecond‐degree burns over 50 percent of his body in the post crash fire.[26][27][28]
Haise published his autobiography,Never Panic Early, about his life and experiences in the Apollo program in 2022.[29]
Haise is afellow of theAmerican Astronautical Society (AAS) and theSociety of Experimental Test Pilots (SETP); member,Tau Beta Pi,Sigma Gamma Tau, andPhi Theta Kappa; and honorary member, National WWII Glider Pilots Association.[3]
Haise's other awards include theAmerican Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) Haley Astronautics Award for 1971;[30][31] theAmerican Astronautical Society Flight Achievement Awards for 1970 and 1977; the City ofNew York Gold Medal in 1970;[32] the City ofHouston Medal for Valor in 1970;[33] theJeff Davis Award (1970);[3] the Mississippi Distinguished Civilian Service Medal (1970);[3] the American Defense Ribbon;[3] the SETP's Ray E. Tenhoff Award for 1966;[3] the A. B. Honts Trophy as the outstanding graduate of Class 64A from the Aerospace Research Pilot School in 1964;[3] an honorary doctor of science degree fromWestern Michigan University (1970);[34] theJSC Special Achievement Award (1978);[3] theSoaring Society of America's Certificate of Achievement Award (1978); the GeneralThomas D. White USAF Space Trophy for 1977;[35][36] the SETP'sIven C. Kincheloe Award (1978);[37] and theAir Force Association'sDavid C. Schilling Award (1978).[3]
He received thePresidential Medal of Freedom,[38]NASA Distinguished Service Medal,[39] andNASA Exceptional Service Medal.[3]
He was inducted into theInternational Space Hall of Fame in 1983 and theAerospace Walk of Honor in 1995.[9][40] He was also one of 24 Apollo astronauts inducted into theU.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame on October 4, 1997.[41][42]
On February 13, 2022, the City of Biloxi unveiled a statue of Haise in the parking lot of the historicBiloxi Lighthouse. Haise was present at the ceremony and had his handprints set in concrete at the statue's base prior to its unveiling. The statue was created by Mississippi artist Mary Ott Tremel Davidson.[43]
In September 2023, Haise was inducted into theNational Aviation Hall of Fame in Dayton, Ohio.[44]
In the 1995 motion pictureApollo 13, Haise was played byBill Paxton.
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