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TheFour Comprehensives, fully as theFour-pronged Comprehensive Strategy[1] (四个全面战略布局), is a list of political goals forChina, put forward byXi Jinping,General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 2014. They are:[2]
Some scholars argue that there are the same or very similar statements of the "four comprehensives" inDeng Xiaoping Theory.[3]
The term "moderately prosperous society" dated back to 1979, when Chinese leaderDeng Xiaoping said to visiting Japanese Prime MinisterMasayoshi Ōhira that "Xiaokang society was the goal of Chinese modernization".[4]
In 1997, the term "building a moderately prosperous society" was officially adopted in General SecretaryJiang Zemin's report to the15th CCP National Congress.[5]: 24
In 2002, the term was changed to "comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society" in the report to the16th CCP National Congress.[6]
In 2012, "Completing the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects" was first introduced inHu Jintao's report to the 18th CCP National Congress.[5]: 24
Xi describes the Four Comprehensives as the communist party's overall guidance strategy and long-term development strategy.[5]: 23 The Four Comprehensives have been developed incrementally during the early years of Xi's tenure:[7]
The “Four Comprehensives” were met with mixed reactions among citizens in China. Many voices associated with the Communist Party praised Xi's new vision for China, some calling the “Four Comprehensives” “profound strategic thinking” and a “visionary guide for China's future”. The ambiguity of the goals laid out by Xi allows him and other ranking party officials to act under some level of secrecy. While Chinese citizens may not be aware of specific policies being passed, they may be supportive of Xi's goals for China, regardless of whether the policies being passed align with these goals or not. Some of the disdain for Xi's “Four Comprehensives” may also spawn from the ambiguity in the goals. Some citizens were concerned with the actions the party would take to achieve these goals because this was never really made clear.[8]
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