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TheForty Conspirators (Portuguese:Os Quarenta Conjurados[1]), were a Portuguese nationalist group during theIberian Union. The Conspirators were composed of forty men of thePortuguese nobility, and many clergy and soldiers. Their goal was to depose theHouse of Habsburg king,Philip III (and IV of Spain).
The support of the people became apparent almost immediately and soonJohn, 8th Duke of Braganza, was acclaimed King of Portugal throughout the country as John IV. By December 2, 1640, John had already sent a letter to the Municipal Chamber ofÉvora as sovereign of the country.
^Conjurado can have a different meaning in portuguese than the wordConjured has in English: it comes from the wordjurado (an adjective meaningoathbound) from the wordjuramento (meaning the act of making an oath) and from the word, that can be both a verb and a name,jura (meaningoath). Therefore, when the forty conspirators are calledThe Forty Conjured, it does not mean they magically appeared, but rather the meaning translates asThe Forty Oathbound.
^Elliot, J.H. (2002).Imperial Spain: 1469-1716. New York: Penguin Books. pp. 346–348.ISBN978-0141007038.
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