| Formula Holden | |
|---|---|
| Motor racing formula | |
| Category | Open wheel car |
| Country or region | Australia New Zealand South-east Asia |
| Championships | Australian Drivers' Championship |
| Inaugural season | 1989 |
| Status | Defunct |
| Folded | 2007 |
Formula Holden was an Australianopen wheel racing category introduced in 1989.
Known during its development as Formula Australia, it was initially for chassis constructed from aluminium only, running a3.8-litre Buick V6 engine as it was then utilised in the new versions of theHolden Commodore (VN). Many of the engines used in the category were built byPerkins Engineering, who normally builtGroup AHolden Commodores andV8 race engines for privateertouring car teams, as well as company owner, multipleBathurst 1000 winner and ex-Formula One driverLarry Perkins. Early in 1990, Perkins was reported as saying that his Formula Holden engines were putting out approximately 320 bhp (239 kW; 324 PS). To make the V6 engines suitable for racing (in the Commodore road cars the engines developed 221 bhp (165 kW; 224 PS)), a number of specialised parts were supplied by original series sponsor Automotive Components Limited (ACL) who were a subsidiary ofRepco.
Second-handFormula 3000 chassis were targeted immediately as a cheap source of cars in addition to local constructors, and under CAMS rules, all cars had to be at least one year old and had to be aluminium in construction. The category also used aDunlop control tyre in its early years. From the 1992 season, cars constructed from carbon fibre were allowed. In 2006 an engine upgrade was made available to the3.6-litre Alloytec V6 engine, although take-up of the Alloytec V6 was far from universal. The engines were usually mounted in ex-Formula 3000 chassis, a large number of which were sourced from theFormula Nippon championship inJapan, but also included cars from other sources (Europe and the UK) and a few specifically designed for the class, like the Australian designedCheetah,Elfin, Liston cars, as well as theShrike's which were designed and built by technical students at theCroydon Park Institute of TAFE inAdelaide.IrishFormula One and F3000 designerGary Anderson also designed the Spa cars specifically for the Formula Holden category.
Formula Holden was in essence a budget form of Formula 3000, the main difference being the engines. As detailed, Formula Holden ran the 3.8 Litre Holden V6 engines. Formula 3000, as its name suggests, ran 3.0 LitreV8 engines including theCosworth DFV and later the popularMugen-Honda which were capable of producing over 500 bhp (373 kW; 507 PS). As a guide to the speed difference between the two categories, television commentator and Formula Holden race driverNeil Crompton tested a Mugen poweredDome Japanese F3000 car at thePhillip Island Circuit in early 1990. The Dome (driven by regular driversRoss Cheever andThomas Danielsson) lapped the 4.445 km (2.762 mi) circuit in approximately 1:18 while two months later for the opening round of the1990 Australian Drivers' Championship, the fastest Formula Holden qualifier was the Ralt RT21 ofSimon Kane who qualified in 1:26.97. The upgraded Holden V6 engines reportedly had similar torque figures to the F3000 V8's, though they had around 180 bhp (134 kW; 182 PS) less than the V8's which saw the Australian cars have much less top speed.[1][2]
From its inception in 1989 until 2004 the formula was used to determine the winner of theAustralian Drivers' Championship for theCAMS Gold Star, replacingFormula 2 which had been the Gold Star category in 1987 and 1988. From 2005 this title was moved to theAustralian Formula 3 Championship.
The first ever Formula Holden race was held at theMallala Motor Sport Park inSouth Australia. Mark McLaughlin driving anElfin FA891, designed and built at the Elfin factory in nearbyAdelaide, won the opening race from former dualAustralian Formula 2 champion Peter Glover in an Australian designedCheetah Mk.9 with television commentator turned race driverNeil Crompton third in hisRalt RT21. During the race, television broadcasterChannel 7 claimed that a Formula Holden engine would cost approximatelyA$9,700 compared to upwards of $25,000 for an engine (usually theFord badgedCosworth BDA) of the superseded open wheel category,Formula Mondial.[3]
From 1991 to 1995 the category was officially known asFormula Brabham[4] in honour of Australia's first ever Formula One World ChampionSir Jack Brabham, the only person in history to win the World Championship in a car of his own design in1966. Sir Jack acted as the category patron for five seasons. In 1996 the name reverted to Formula Holden[4] and from the 2003 season the category was officially called "Formula 4000 powered by Holden".
The formula was also used for a 1993 Pan-Pacific series, severalNew Zealand Grands Prix, and Tasman Cup (Australia versus New Zealand) summer series. It was also proposed to be used for an Asian series based inChina. With numbers dropping, largely thanks to the rise ofV8 Supercars which all but monopolised big dollar sponsors and television coverage, and the increasing prominence of Formula 3, the class was dropped by the CAMS sanctioning body after the 2005 season. In 2006, the category was run as part of the Australian Motor Racing Series under the sanctioning of theAustralian Auto Sport Alliance (AASA) and at times the regular Formula 4000 field was complemented by vehicles competing in the new Oz BOSS category for open wheel racing cars. In 2007 numbers had dropped to the point they could no longer form races by themselves and were amalgamated into the OzBOSS category. As part of this amalgamation, the cars themselves were re-badged again as Formula 3000V6.
The drivers in the series in the 2000s were a mix of older drivers who owned their own cars, or very young Oceanic or South Asian drivers looking to make a name for themselves on the international scene. Although technically using cars just a step belowFormula One, the lack of competition in the series means that drivers tended to progress from Formula 4000 to a minor series in Europe (Will Power -British Formula 3) or North America (Scott Dixon -Indy Lights). Alternatively drivers moved to any of the Australian sedan based championships such asSupercars orAustralian GT.
From 1 January 2012, Formula Holden cars with a competition history established prior to 31 December 1991 are eligible to compete in Group R "Historic Racing & Sports Racing Cars (post-1977)".[5] However, cars constructed with a full carbon tub are specifically excluded from this Group.[5]
Cheetah Mk.9,Dome F102,Elfin FA891, Hocking 901, Hocking 911, Liston BF3,LolaT87/50, Lola T91/50, Lola T93/50,March87B,RaltRT4, Ralt RT20, Ralt RT21, Ralt RT23,Reynard89D, Reynard 90D, Reynard 91D, Reynard 92D, Reynard 93D, Reynard 94D, Reynard 95D, Reynard 96D, Reynard 97D, Reynard 98D,Shrike NB89H,SPA 001, SPA 002, SPA 003.
Despite Formula Holden not being raced competitively in Australia since 2007, the class still holds the outright lap records at a number of Australian and New Zealand race circuits. As of May 2024 the list is:[6]
* Circuit closed
