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Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This article'sfactual accuracy may be compromised due to out-of-date information. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.(July 2018)

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The diplomaticforeign relations of the United Arab Emirates are conducted by theMinistry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation.

The United Arab Emirates has broad diplomatic and commercial relations with most countries of the world. It plays a significant role inOPEC, and is one of the founding members of theGulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The United Arab Emirates is a member of theUnited Nations and several of its specialized agencies, as well as theWorld Bank,IMF,Arab League,Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), and theNon-Aligned Movement. Also, it is an observer in theOrganisation Internationale de la Francophonie. Most countries have diplomatic missions in the capitalAbu Dhabi with most consulates being in United Arab Emirates's largest and most populated city,Dubai.

Multilateral relations

[edit]

UAE has joined theUnited Nations and theArab League and has established diplomatic relations with more than 60 countries, includingChina, Japan,South Korea,Pakistan,Russia,India, Nepal,United States, and mostWestern European countries. It has played a moderate role within theOrganization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), theOrganization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (OAPEC), theUnited Nations, and theGulf Cooperation Council (GCC).

The UAE believes that the Arab League needs to be restructured to become a viable institution, and would like to increase the strength and interoperability of the GCC defense forces.[citation needed]

The UAE is a member of the followinginternational organizations: UN and several of its specialized agencies (ICAO,ILO,UPU,WHO,WIPO);World Bank,IMF,Arab League,Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), OPEC, Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, and theNon-Aligned Movement.

In October 2010, the UAE was granted observer status at the Organisation Internationale de la Francophonie.[1]

As a result of the foreign policy of the UAE, theEmirati passport became the largest individual climber inHenley & Partners Passport Index in 2018 over the past decade, increasing its global rank by 28 places.[2] According to the Henley Passport Index, as of 28 March 2019, Emirati citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 165 countries and territories, ranking the Emirati passport 21st in the world in terms of travel freedom.[3]

In July 2024, The UAE and Japan signed multiple agreements to enhance business ties, including a $3 billion green financing deal and cooperation on energy reserves. Bilateral trade reached $47.4 billion in 2023, with the UAE as Japan's top GCC trading partner and a major oil supplier.[4]

In January 2025, the UAE condemned the2025 Point Triple attack onBenin.[5]

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which the United Arab Emirates maintains diplomatic relations with:

#CountryDate[6]
1United Kingdom6 December 1971[7][failed verification]
2Belgium8 December 1971[8]
3Jordan8 December 1971[9]
—Sudan (suspended)[10]December 1971[11]
4Bahrain1971[12]
5Iraq1971[13]
6Italy1971[14]
7France5 January 1972[15]
8India6 January 1972[16]
9Lebanon8 January 1972[17]
10Pakistan13 January 1972[18]
11Syria19 January 1972[19]
12Kuwait8 March 1972[20]
13United States20 March 1972[21]
14Japan4 May 1972[22]
15Netherlands6 May 1972[23]
16Germany17 May 1972[24]
17Libya24 May 1972[25]
18Tunisia14 June 1972[26]
19Morocco14 July 1972[27]
20Egypt26 October 1972[28]
21Iran28 October 1972[29]
22Spain10 November 1972[30]
23Somalia29 November 1972[31]
24Sweden1972[32]
25Tanzania8 January 1973[33]
26Mauritania16 March 1973[34]
27Turkey21 March 1973[35]
28Oman1 April 1973[36]
29Afghanistan6 April 1973[37]
30Chad7 April 1973[38]
31Yemen23 June 1973[39]
32Norway4 July 1973[40]
33Algeria6 July 1973[41]
34Senegal23 July 1973[42]
35  Switzerland12 September 1973[43]
36Malta20 November 1973[44]
37Gabon6 January 1974[45]
38Canada2 February 1974[46]
39Argentina26 February 1974[47]
40BurundiFebruary 1974[48]
41Bangladesh9 March 1974[49]
42Austria10 March 1974[50]
43Brazil10 June 1974[51]
44Philippines19 August 1974[52]
45Saudi Arabia21 August 1974[53]
46Ireland8 October 1974[54]
47Zambia29 November 1974[55]
48Denmark18 January 1975[56]
49Finland21 February 1975[57]
50Cameroon24 February 1975[58]
51Australia10 March 1975[59]
52Ecuador9 June 1975[60]
53Venezuela18 June 1975[61]
54Lesotho8 July 1975[62]
55Gambia9 July 1975[63]
56Niger9 July 1975[63]
57Mexico12 September 1975[64]
58Thailand12 December 1975[65]
59Grenada1975[66]
60Qatar1975[67]
61Colombia1 January 1976[68]
62Mauritius4 January 1976[69]
63Indonesia30 April 1976[70]
64Portugal20 June 1976[71]
65Greece21 June 1976[72]
66   Nepal22 January 1977[73]
67Comoros2 June 1977[74]
68Burkina Faso16 January 1978[75]
69Maldives15 March 1978[76]
70Chile23 June 1978[77]
71Sri Lanka19 July 1979[78]
72Uruguay8 April 1980[79]
73Luxembourg6 May 1980[80]
74South Korea18 June 1980[81]
75Mali18 August 1981[82]
76Ghana25 August 1981[83]
77Trinidad and Tobago4 December 1981
78Djibouti26 December 1981[84]
79Nigeria20 January 1982[85]
80Kenya5 June 1982[86]
81Sierra Leone5 October 1982[87]
82Seychelles18 December 1982[88]
83Malaysia23 June 1983[89]
84China1 November 1984[90]
85Singapore15 May 1985[91]
86New Zealand20 May 1985[92]
87Russia13 November 1985[93]
88Benin5 January 1986[94]
89Peru17 June 1986[95]
90Bolivia1 December 1986
91Czech Republic7 June 1988[96]
—State of Palestine5 January 1989[97]
92Romania1 August 1989[98]
93Hungary2 August 1989[99]
94Poland4 September 1989[100]
95Nicaragua1 August 1991
96Bulgaria19 October 1991[101]
97Belize10 December 1991[102]
98Brunei28 May 1992
99Albania1 June 1992[103]
100Croatia23 June 1992[104]
101Azerbaijan1 September 1992[105]
102Kazakhstan1 October 1992[106]
103Slovenia15 October 1992[107]
104Ukraine15 October 1992[108]
105Lithuania16 October 1992[109]
106Belarus20 October 1992[110]
107Georgia20 October 1992[111]
108Uzbekistan25 October 1992[112]
109Guatemala15 December 1992
110Slovakia3 January 1993[113]
111Panama9 March 1993
112Ethiopia5 May 1993[114]
113Eritrea28 June 1993[115]
114Bosnia and Herzegovina1 August 1993[116]
115Vietnam1 August 1993[117]
116South Africa17 May 1994[118]
117Ivory Coast30 May 1994[119]
118Cambodia21 October 1994
119Guyana6 February 1995
120Guinea2 June 1995[120]
121Latvia18 September 1995[121]
122Turkmenistan10 October 1995[122]
123Tajikistan18 December 1995[123]
124Moldova21 December 1995[124]
125Rwanda1995[125]
126Barbados8 January 1996[126]
127Honduras26 February 1996[127]
128Mongolia1 April 1996[128]
129Mozambique3 April 1996[129]
130North Macedonia27 May 1996[130]
131Malawi12 June 1996[131]
132Zimbabwe24 June 1996[132]
133Namibia22 July 1996
134Kyrgyzstan1 August 1996[133]
135Laos15 October 1996[134]
136São Tomé and Príncipe24 October 1997
137Angola11 December 1997
138Armenia25 June 1998
139Suriname7 October 1999
140Cuba18 March 2002[135]
141Iceland17 September 2003
142Eswatini2 November 2005[136]
143Estonia28 March 2006
144Botswana28 April 2006[137]
145Cape VerdeJuly 2006[138]
146El Salvador15 March 2007
147Serbia21 March 2007
148Nauru27 March 2007
149Antigua and Barbuda4 May 2007
150Republic of the Congo21 May 2007[139]
—Holy See30 May 2007
151Cyprus6 June 2007
152Paraguay13 July 2007
153Tonga13 July 2007
—North Korea (suspended)[140]17 September 2007
154Togo6 December 2007
155Uganda2007[141]
156Montenegro4 April 2008
157Andorra23 September 2008
158Dominican Republic12 November 2008[142]
159San Marino28 January 2009[143]
160Saint Vincent and the Grenadines20 February 2009
161Liberia6 May 2009[144]
162Central African Republic22 May 2009
163Vanuatu23 June 2009
164Monaco9 October 2009
165Palau16 October 2009
166Haiti21 October 2009
167Liechtenstein22 October 2009
168Timor-Leste13 November 2009
169Costa Rica11 March 2010
170Fiji17 March 2010
171Tuvalu29 March 2010
—Kosovo27 April 2010[145]
172Solomon Islands29 April 2010
173Samoa11 May 2010
174Marshall Islands3 June 2010
175Saint Kitts and Nevis16 June 2010
176Saint Lucia29 November 2010[146]
177Jamaica4 March 2011
178Bahamas2 May 2011
179Bhutan13 September 2012
180Dominica17 December 2014
181South Sudan23 June 2016[147]
182Federated States of Micronesia8 September 2016
183Madagascar22 September 2016
184Papua New Guinea22 March 2017
185Democratic Republic of the Congo1 November 2017[148]
—Cook Islands5 August 2018[149]
186Guinea-Bissau28 June 2019[150]
187Equatorial Guinea13 July 2019[151]
188Israel15 September 2020[152]
189Myanmar9 November 2020
190KiribatiUnknown

Africa

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Algeria6 July 1973SeeAlgeria–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 1973 when UAE officials opened an embassy in Algiers[41]

  • Algeria has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inAlgiers.
Egypt10 January 1972, severed diplomatic relations from 25 April 1979, Restored 11 November 1987SeeEgypt–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 1972[17]

Since the establishment of the UAE in 1971, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates relations were always at a good level and developing at an unprecedented rate. The bond of friendship between the leaders of both countries has reflected on the growing political, economic and cultural ties between them, as a result, UAE ranks first among Arab and foreign countries investing in Egypt.[153] The UAE and Egypt maintain a close economic ties and maintain trade between the two countries with imports and exports between the two sides.

  • Egypt has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inCairo.
Eritrea28 June 1993Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 1993[115]
  • Eritrea has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.[154]
  • The United Arab Emirates has a military base inAssab.
Kenya5 June 1982SeeKenya–United Arab Emirates relations
Liberia6 May 2009Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 May 2009[144]
  • Liberia has a Consulate General in Dubai.
  • Relations with The UAE are very good with multiple bilateral agreement signed in 2019.
Libya24 May 1972

The UAE maintains aforward operating base at the Al-Khadim Airport, nearMarj.[155][156]

Senegal23 July 1973

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 July 1973[42]

The United Arab Emirates established an embassy inDakar in March 2018, which was unveiled byAbdullah Bin Zayed Al Nahyan.[157] TheAbu Dhabi Fund for Development loaned Senegal $13 million to invest in ruralsolar energy.[157]

Somalia29 November 1972SeeSomalia–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 November 1972[31]

  • Somalia has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.[158]
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inMogadishu.[159]
SudanDecember 1971SeeUAE-Sudan relations

Americas

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Barbados8 January 1996

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 January 1996.[126]

  • In 2022 the government of Barbados opened an embassy in Dubai.[1]
  • In 2023 the Government of Dubai signed a deal to operate the sole Internationalairport in Barbados.[2]
Brazil26 May 1974Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 May 1974[160]
Canada2 February 1974SeeCanada–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 February 1974[163]

  • Canada has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general inDubai.[164]
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inOttawa.[165]
Chile23 June 1978Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 June 1978[77]
  • Chile has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inSantiago.
Colombia1 January 1976SeeColombia–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 January 1976[68]

  • Colombia has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inBogotá.
Mexico12 September 1975SeeMexico–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 September 1975[64]

Peru17 June 1986

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 June 1986[95]

  • Peru has a consulate-general inDubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inLima.
United States20 March 1972SeeUnited Arab Emirates–United States relations

The UAE's strategic relationship with the United States dates back to the 1990invasion of Kuwait. Subsequent to joining the military effort, the two countries signed an agreement in late 1992 permitting the United States to use some UAE bases temporarily and to pre-position supplies on UAE territory.[168] Since 25 July 1994, a formal Defense Cooperation Agreement has been in place.[169] Ten years later, despite publicly opposing the US led war in Iraq, the UAE permitted a minimal amount of US forces to support the operation from the Al Dhafra air base,Jebel Ali, and naval facilities atFujairah. Enhancing security relations, has been a US arms sale in March 2000 to the Emirates, valued at $8 billion and included over $2 billion worth of weapons, munitions, and services.[170]

A nuclear deal was signed between the US and the UAE meant to supply nuclear technology, expertise and fuel. Despite international opposition to neighboring Iran's nuclear developments, the US is confident of the UAE's compliance with theNuclear Non-proliferation Treaty and theInternational Atomic Energy Agency safeguards to refrain from enriching uranium and extracting plutonium.[171] It firmly believes this agreement "has the potential to usher in an era of responsible nuclear-energy development throughout the Middle East."[172]

Commercially, the UAE is also the States' largest export market in the Middle East constituting $11.6 billion in exports annually. In March 2005, the US opened negotiations on a free trade agreement and despite intermittent depreciation of currencies in the Persian Gulf area, the UAE dirham remains pegged to the dollar.[173] The two countries have also maintained close ties through an exchange of cultural and educational partnerships which include theGuggenheim Museum, and a number of American Universities opening campuses in the Emirates.[174]

Asia

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Afghanistan6 April 1973SeeAfghanistan–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 April 1973[37]

  • Afghanistan has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inKabul.
Armenia25 June 1998SeeArmenia–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1998.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inYerevan.
Azerbaijan1 September 1992Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 September 1992[105]
  • The United Arab Emirates recognized the independence of the Republic of Azerbaijan on December 26, 1991.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inBaku.
Bahrain1971SeeBahrain–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Bahrain has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inManama.
China1 November 1984SeeChina–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 November 1984[90]Over the years, the relations between the UAE and China intensified, causing increasing issues with an important western ally, the US. From the Chinese technology to crude oil and toCOVID-19 vaccine, the Emirates began to expand its reliance on China.[177] In 2021, the US raised multiple warnings for the Emirates to move back in its growing relations with China. The Biden administration pushed the Emirates to abandonHuawei's telecommunication network, which was a potential threat to a crucial deal ofF-35 fighter jet and other military equipment between the UAE and US.[178] The US also warned the Emirates of a military facility that was secretly being built by China at a port near Abu Dhabi. The US intelligence warnings and multiple trips by the American officials to the UAE let to a halt in the construction of the facility.[179]

  • China has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inBeijing and consulates-general inHong Kong andShanghai.
  • The UAE and China have been strong international allies, with significant cooperation across economic, political and cultural aspects.[180][181][182][183]
India23 February 1972SeeIndia–United Arab Emirates relations

UAE enjoys close economic and cultural relations with India. Close maritime contact between India and theArabian Peninsula date back to 3rd and 2nd millennium BC.[184] and textile and spice trade between the two countries flourished during most of 1st millennium AD.[185]

The discovery of oil allowed the UAE to increase and diversify its trade relations with India. UAE and India are each other's main trading partners. The trade totals over $75 billion (AED275.25 billion).[186] During the first half of 2010, non-oil trade between India and the UAE stood at US$20.4 billion.[187] UAE is home to more than 3 millionIndian expatriates, making Indians the largest ethnic group in the nation.[188]

  • India has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inNew Delhi.
Indonesia1976SeeIndonesia–United Arab Emirates relations

The diplomatic relations between Indonesia and United Arab Emirates are friendly and cordial since they were established in 1976. BothMuslim majority countries, they each recognize the other's important role its respective region. Indonesia has an embassy inAbu Dhabi, while the United Arab Emirates has an embassy inJakarta. Both countries are partners in multilateral organizations, such as theWorld Trade Organization (WTO), TheNon-Aligned Movement andOrganisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).Indonesia uses the UAE as the main gate to enter the Persian Gulf and Middle East market, Indonesia's export to UAE is the largest in the Middle East. Indonesian Government has established the trade and investment representative office to promote its products in United Arab Emirates and the entire Middle East region.

Iran28 October 1972SeeIran–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 October 1972[29]

Iraq1971SeeIraq–United Arab Emirates relations

The 1990Iraqi invasion and occupation of Kuwait were a shock to the UAE.[168] For the UAE, the crisis over Kuwait demonstrated a lack of Arab unity on a critical Arab issue.[168] The UAE joined the Arab states that opposed the Iraqi invasion and supported the use of force to compel Iraq's withdrawal of troops from Kuwait.[168] Prior to the2003 invasion of Iraq, the UAE opposed the US-led invasion.

In June 2008, the Iraqi government announced that the United Arab Emirates would send an ambassador toBaghdad within a few days. This would become the first Arab ambassador in Iraq since the kidnapping and murder of the Egyptian AmbassadorIhab el-Sherif in July 2005. This announcement was made during a surprise visit by the United Arab Emirates' Foreign MinisterAbdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan to Baghdad on 5 June 2008. This marked the first time a high-ranking official from aGulf state visited Iraq since March 2003.[190][191]

On 31 July 2007 following Iraq victory of theAsian Cup, SheikhMohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum, vice-president and prime minister of the UAE awarded the Iraq national football team 20 million Dhs, ($5.2 million) for capturing the Asian Cup for the first time in the country's history.[192]

Israel15 September 2020SeeIsrael–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Israel has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inTel Aviv.

The Abraham Agreement has opened a new window of opportunity for normalization between Israel and the UAE. However, some analysts, such asSalem Al Ketbi, reject "zero-sum arguments" and suggest that relations with Israel and Iran do not preclude each other.[193]As a response to theGaza war, the UAE condemnedHamas for its "serious and grave escalation" and its hostage taking.[194]

Jordan1972SeeJordan–United Arab Emirates relations

Jordan was the first country to recognize UAE after forming the union in 1971. The first commander in Chief in the UAE military was Jordanian, and the first commander in Zayed Military college was Jordanian as well. Making Jordan effectively one of a key partners of forming the UAE.[195]The relationship between UAE and Jordan dates to the 1950s, before UAE gain independence and form the union. Jordan at the time used to aid UAE with educational, military, and health care missions, when UAE was still a barren desert.[196]

  • Jordan has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inAmman.
Kazakhstan1992In 2025 the UAE and Kazakhstan signed over $5 billion in deals, expanding ties in energy, tech, and infrastructure. This followed a 2023 strategic investment agreement and a surge in UAE investment in 2024.[197]
Kuwait8 March 1972SeeKuwait–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 March 1972[20]

  • Kuwait has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inKuwait City.
Malaysia11 September 1974SeeMalaysia–United Arab Emirates relations

The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inKuala Lumpur, and Malaysia has an embassy inAbu Dhabi.[198] The countries established diplomatic relations in 1983.[199]

In 2005 Malaysia's export to the UAE stood at Dh7 billion. Main export items were gold and jewellery, wood products (furniture and parts), palm oil, petroleum products and electrical appliances. In 2007, trade between Malaysia and UAE was worthMYR 14.56 billion making UAE, Malaysia's largest trading partner in West Asia as well as Malaysia being the 10th largest exporter to UAE.[200] In 2009, Malaysian ambassador Datuk Yahaya Abdul Jabar said total trade between Malaysia and UAE from January to November stood at RM19.5 billion. Malaysia's main exports to the UAE are jewellery, consumer electronics and palm oil.[201]

Oman1 April 1973SeeOman–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established full diplomatic relations on 1 April 1973[36]

  • Oman has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inMuscat.
Pakistan13 January 1972Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 January 1972[18]

SeePakistan–United Arab Emirates relations

Pakistan and the UAE are very close allies with extremely close relations based on cultural affinities and sharedfaith. These relations date back to the UAE's formation in 1971, and have since developed into wide-ranging co-operation in various fields. UAE has been a major donor of economic assistance to Pakistan.[202]Sheikh Zayed International Airport inRahim Yar Khan, in thePunjab province of Pakistan is an example of UAE's economic assistance as the late president and the founder of the UAESheikh Zayed donated the airport to the government of Pakistan.

UAE has emerged as one of Pakistan's major economic and trading partners. A large number ofPakistani expatriates, numbering nearly 1.2 million are gainfully employed in UAE.[citation needed]

Qatar1975SeeQatar–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1975.[67]

The UAE alongside multiple Middle Eastern and African countries cut diplomatic ties withQatar in June 2017 due to allegations ofQatar being a state sponsor of terrorism, resulting in theQatar diplomatic crisis. Ties were restored in January 2021.[203] In June 2023, both countries reopened their embassies and appointed ambassadors in July and August.[204][205]

Saudi Arabia21 August 1974SeeSaudi Arabia–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 August 1974.[53]

  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inRiyadh and a consulate-general inJeddah.
South Korea18 June 1980SeeSouth Korea–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 June 1980[81]

Syria19 January 1972SeeSyria–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 January 1972[19]
  • The UAE has an embassy inDamascus.
  • Syria has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • Both countries are members of theArab League.
  • On 18 March 2022,Bashar al-Assad visited the UAE for the first time since 2011. He met Dubai's Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum and the UAE President Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan for the peace deal. The US fully opposed the relations building between the UAE and Syria. Despite the US opposition, the UAE was still building relation with Syria. On 19 March 2023, Assad visited the UAE again, with his wife Asma al Assad.[207]
Turkey21 March 1973SeeTurkey–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 March 1973[35]

  • Turkey has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inAnkara and a consulate-general inIstanbul.
Turkmenistan1995On 14 May 2025, UAE's XRG took a 38% stake in Turkmenistan's Caspian Block I, deepening energy ties after a 2024 high-level visit.[208] Turkmenistan has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.[209] The UAE has an embassy inAshgabat.[210]
Vietnam1 August 1993SeeUnited Arab Emirates–Vietnam relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 August 1993[117]

  • Vietnam has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inHanoi.
YemenSeeUnited Arab Emirates–Yemen relations

The UAE and Yemen have a complex and strained relationship, as the UAE has played a significant role in regional politics in Yemen, and has at various points been an adversary of the country, as the UAE's involvement in Yemen, for example theUnited Arab Emirates takeover of Socotra, and its support for theSouthern Transitional Council, a secessionist organization in Southern Yemen, has been a source of tension between the two countries, and has contributed to the ongoing conflict and humanitarian crisis in the country. Furthermore, the UAE has been involved in other efforts in Yemen that have been controversial. The country has been accused of backing local militias and separatist groups that have sought to gain more autonomy or independence from the central government. Some critics have accused the UAE of using these groups to further its own interests in the region, rather than working towards a broader peace and stability in Yemen.

Europe

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Denmark18 January 1975SeeDenmark–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 January 1975[56]

  • Denmark has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates is accredited to Denmark from its embassy inStockholm,Sweden.
France5 January 1972SeeFrance–United Arab Emirates relations

The UAE's relationship with France has been strategically important as it negotiated a defence cooperation agreement and remains one of the country's primary providers of military material.[211] France and the UAE have signed a defence cooperation agreement in order to diversity its procurement from solely the US.[211] Culturally, as theSorbonne andLouvre are both establishing extensions in the UAE,[212] a plan is in the works to recreate a miniatureLyon city in Dubai complete with public squares, restaurants and museums.[213]

On 25 May 2009, the French presidentNicolas Sarkozy visited the UAE, Abu Dhabi where he along with UAE's president Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan formally opened a French military base in the United Arab Emirates. This would become France's first permanent base in the Persian Gulf, hosting up to 500 French troops.[214] In addition to the inauguration of Peace Camp, Nicolas Sarkozy visited the site of aLouvre Museum branch which France is opening in the United Arab Emirates. Sheikh Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Minister of Foreign Affairs, said that the co-operation with France is a top priority for the UAE's foreign policy.[215]

  • France has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inParis.
Germany17 May 1972SeeGermany–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 May 1972[24]

German exports amount to 5.84 billion Euros.[216] German companies significantly contribute to the UAE's ongoing infrastructure projects and play a leading role in the country's alternative energy developments.[217] Consequently, GermanBusiness Park, an area designed to house several of the already seven hundred present companies and their logistical needs, is in the midst of construction.[218]

Greece21 June 1976SeeGreece–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Greece has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and an economic and commercial affairs office in Dubai.
  • United Arab Emirates has an embassy inAthens.
Ireland8 October 1974Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 October 1974[54]
  • Ireland has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inDublin.
Kosovo14 October 2008[219][220]SeeKosovo–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Kosovo has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.[221][222]
  • The United Arab Emirates is accredited to Kosovo from its embassy inAnkara,Turkey.
Netherlands6 May 1972Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 May 1972[23]
  • The Netherlands has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inThe Hague.
Poland4 September 1989SeePoland–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 September 1989[100]

  • Poland has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inWarsaw.
Portugal20 June 1976SeePortugal–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 June 1976.

  • Portugal has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inLisbon.
Russia13 November 1985SeeRussia–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 November 1985.

  • Russia has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inMoscow.
Serbia21 March 2007SeeSerbia–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 March 2007

  • Serbia has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inBelgrade.
Spain10 November 1972SeeSpain–United Arab Emirates relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 November 1972.

  • Spain has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a commercial office in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inMadrid.
Ukraine15 October 1992Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 October 1992[108]
  • Ukraine has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inKyiv.
  • When Russia invaded Ukraine in 2022, the UAE abstained in a U.N. Security Council vote to condemn Russia's invasion.[223] The UAE later condemned Russia in a U.N. General Assembly vote.[224]
United Kingdom6 December 1971SeeUnited Arab Emirates–United Kingdom relations
British Prime MinisterKeir Starmer in Abu Dhabi, December 2024.

The United Arab Emirates establisheddiplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 6 December 1971.[7][failed verification]

The UK governed theUnited Arab Emirates from 1920 to 1971, when the United Arab Emirates achieved full independence.

Both countries share common membership of theWorld Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Defence Cooperation Accord,[228] an Investment Agreement,[229] and a Partnership for the Future.[230] Both countries are negotiating aFree Trade Agreement.

Oceania

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Australia16 March 1975SeeAustralia–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Australia has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inCanberra.
New Zealand20 May 1985Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 May 1985[92]
  • New Zealand has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy inWellington.
  • In January 2025, the New Zealand and UAE governments signed a comprehensive economic partnership agreement, cutting tariffs on 98.5% of New Zealand exports to the UAE.[231]

See also

[edit]

References

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