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Foreign relations of the Marshall Islands

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The Republic of the Marshall Islands has established bilateral diplomatic relations with 112 countries. Regional cooperation, through membership in various regional and international organizations, is a key element in its foreign policy.[1]

The Marshall Islands became a member of theUnited Nations on September 17, 1991. The Marshall Islands maintains embassies in theUnited States,Fiji,South Korea,Japan, and theRepublic of China (Taiwan). They also maintain a consulate inHonolulu,Hawaii and inSpringdale, Arkansas, United States.

Diplomatic relations

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List of countries which the Marshall Islands maintains diplomatic relations with:

#CountryDate[2]
1United States21 October 1986
2Federated States of Micronesia26 February 1987
3Australia8 July 1987
4Israel16 September 1987
5Fiji22 January 1988
6Kiribati4 June 1988
7New Zealand17 June 1988
8Philippines15 September 1988
9Papua New Guinea21 September 1988
10Japan9 December 1988
11Chile25 January 1990
12Solomon Islands23 May 1990
13Vanuatu1 August 1990
14Tuvalu14 September 1990
15Samoa22 October 1990
China (suspended)16 November 1990[3]
16Nauru22 February 1991
17South Korea16 March 1991
18Germany23 September 1991
19Peru14 November 1991
20Cyprus17 November 1991
21Maldives16 December 1991
22Poland17 December 1991
23Spain17 December 1991
24United Kingdom2 February 1992
25Sweden12 February 1992
26Greece14 February 1992
27Egypt2 May 1992
28Vietnam1 June 1992
29Costa Rica15 June 1992
30Colombia5 August 1992
31Russia6 August 1992
32Singapore28 August 1992
33Denmark17 September 1992
34Norway16 October 1992
35Slovenia19 October 1992
36Saint Lucia1992
37Malaysia4 January 1993[4]
38Iceland25 January 1993
39Finland26 January 1993
40Mexico28 January 1993
41Saint Vincent and the Grenadines28 January 1993
42Seychelles2 February 1993
43France19 February 1993
44Austria1 March 1993
45Netherlands2 March 1993
46Barbados23 March 1993
47Argentina23 April 1993
48Belize30 April 1993
49Indonesia21 May 1993
50Luxembourg20 July 1993
51Italy24 September 1993
52Thailand29 October 1993
Holy See30 December 1993[5]
53Malta8 February 1994
54Portugal10 February 1995
55Andorra23 February 1995
56Kuwait27 September 1995
57Cape Verde1 December 1995
58Ukraine22 December 1995
59Brunei17 January 1996
60South Africa17 January 1996[6]
61Romania29 January 1996
62Belgium29 May 1996
63Turkmenistan8 October 1996
64Mauritius23 October 1996
65India2 February 1997
66Canada14 August 1997
67Palau1 August 1998
Republic of China20 November 1998
68Slovakia29 January 1999
Sovereign Military Order of Malta3 May 2002
69  Switzerland22 January 2003
70North Macedonia27 February 2003
71Turkey11 April 2008
72Czech Republic30 April 2009
73Uruguay2 December 2009
74Georgia18 February 2010
75Tajikistan18 February 2010
76Azerbaijan10 March 2010[6]
77United Arab Emirates3 June 2010
78Brazil27 July 2010
79Morocco13 September 2010
80Estonia12 July 2013
Cook Islands3 September 2013
Kosovo27 October 2013
81Mongolia23 May 2015
82Cuba28 September 2015
83Monaco29 September 2015
84Kyrgyzstan22 December 2016
85Cambodia20 January 2017
86Myanmar21 April 2017
87Guatemala20 July 2017
88El Salvador22 September 2017
89Saint Kitts and Nevis18 December 2018
90Kazakhstan12 February 2019
91Eswatini15 April 2019
92Nicaragua13 June 2019
93Bosnia and Herzegovina23 September 2019
94Dominican Republic23 September 2019
95Croatia24 September 2019
96Ecuador24 September 2019
97Honduras24 September 2019
98Liechtenstein24 September 2019
99Lithuania24 September 2019
100Timor-Leste25 September 2019
101Algeria26 September 2019
102Lebanon26 September 2019
103Paraguay26 September 2019
104Hungary27 September 2019
105Ireland27 September 2019
106Latvia19 September 2022
107Tonga21 September 2022
108Jamaica23 September 2022
109Bulgaria12 June 2023[6]
110   Nepal23 June 2023
111Qatar11 July 2023
112Pakistan26 January 2024
113Suriname28 May 2024[7]
114Benin2 July 2024
Niue27 August 2024
115Saudi Arabia5 September 2024
116Panama23 September 2024
117Gambia25 September 2024
118Rwanda25 September 2024
119Burkina Faso26 September 2024
120Serbia27 September 2024
121San Marino28 September 2024
122Antigua and Barbuda24 September 2025[8]

Bilateral relations

[edit]
CountryNotes
Equatorial Guinea

In August 2022, Equatoguinean forces boarded a Marshallese-flagged ship off its coasts and detained the ship's crew and kept them in custody for over nine months before deporting them.[9] As a consequence, the Marshallese government sued Equatorian Guinea before theInternational Tribunal for the Law of the Sea and demanded nearly 60 million dollars in reparations over unlawful detention, crew mistreatment and damage to reputation. The case opened in early October 2025.[10]

IndiaSeeIndia–Marshall Islands relations

As per the Ministry of External Affairs of the Government of India, India established diplomatic relations with Republic of the Marshall Islands in April 1995. Development assistance from India has included a grant of US$100,000 in June 2008 for a solar street lighting project in the capital city of Majuro and grant of 5 ITEC scholarships in November 2010. Marshall Islands has been supportive of issues of importance to India, particularly Indian candidature to international organizations. It supported India's candidature for the non-permanent membership of the UN Security Council for the 2011–12 term. Presently, there are about 10 Indian nationals in the Marshall Islands.[11]

IsraelSeeIsrael–Marshall Islands relations
KosovoSeeKosovo–Marshall Islands relations

The Marshall Islands officially recognised the independence of theRepublic of Kosovo on the 17 April 2008.[12]

MicronesiaSeeMarshall Islands–Federated States of Micronesia relations

The Marshall Islands andMicronesia share very good relations, as they are both bound byCompacts of Free Association with theUnited States.

Mexico
  • Marshall Islands does not have an accreditation to Mexico
  • Mexico is accredited to the Marshall Islands from its embassy inManila, Philippines.[13][14]
PalauSeeMarshall Islands–Palau relations

The Marshall Islands andPalau share very good relations, as they are both bound byCompacts of Free Association with theUnited States.

South Korea
  • Bilateral trade of both countries in 2020 were about 4.83 billion $.[15]
Turkey
United KingdomSeeMarshall Islands–United Kingdom relations

The Marshall Islands establisheddiplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 2 February 1992.

  • The Marshall Islands does not maintain an embassy in the United Kingdom.
  • The United Kingdom is not accredited to the Marshall Islands through an embassy; the UK develops relations through itshigh commission inSuva,Fiji.[17]

Both countries share common membership of theInternational Criminal Court, theUnited Nations, and theWorld Health Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Tax Information Exchange Agreement.[18]

United StatesSeeMarshall Islands–United States relations

The Marshall Islands and the United States maintain a strong and stable relationship under theCompact of Free Association. The US has full responsibility in the country's defense, financial aid, and social services. In return, the U.S. provides healthcare services, security, and freedom of movement between U.S., American Samoan, and Marshall Islander citizens. In international politics, Marshall Islands has often voted with the United States with respect toUnited Nations General Assembly resolutions.[19]

See also

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References

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  1. ^"Countries with which the Marshall Islands has Diplomatic Relations"(PDF). U.S. Department of the Interior. Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 31 December 2021. Retrieved31 March 2018.
  2. ^"The Marshall Islands: Diplomatic Relations".register-iri.com.Archived from the original on 10 May 2025. Retrieved10 May 2025.
  3. ^"中国同马绍尔群岛的关系" (in Chinese (China)). 中華人民共和國外交部.Archived from the original on 2018-11-16.
  4. ^Asian Yearbook International Law, 1995. Springer Netherlands. 22 December 1994. p. 361.
  5. ^"Diplomatic Relations Of The Holy See".holyseemission.org. Retrieved10 May 2025.
  6. ^abc"Diplomatic relations between Marshall Islands and ..."United Nations Digital Library.Archived from the original on 7 October 2021. Retrieved7 October 2021.
  7. ^"Suriname en de Marshalleilanden vestigen diplomatieke betrekkingen".gov.sr (in Dutch). Retrieved10 January 2025.
  8. ^"Republic of the Marshall Islands and Antigua and Barbuda Formalize Diplomatic Relations at 80th UNGA".Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Republic of the Marshall Islands. 24 September 2025. Retrieved26 September 2025.
  9. ^"Crew of Heroic Idun returns home after nine months detention in Africa".Safety4Sea News. 13 June 2023. Retrieved20 November 2025.
  10. ^"Flag State Sues Equatorial Guinea for Illegal Seizure of Heroic Idun".Maritime Executive News. 7 October 2025. Retrieved20 November 2025.
  11. ^"Embassy /High Commission /Consulate General of India".Archived from the original on 2021-09-02. Retrieved2011-07-23.
  12. ^Republic of the Marshall Islands has recognised KosovoArchived 2013-10-22 at theWayback Machine, New Kosova Report, 2008-04-17
  13. ^"Embassy of Mexico in the Philippines".Archived from the original on 2021-07-20. Retrieved2017-07-21.
  14. ^Relations between Mexico and Asia: The Philippines (in Spanish)[permanent dead link]
  15. ^"Search | Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Korea".Archived from the original on 2023-08-10. Retrieved2023-08-10.
  16. ^abc"Relations between Turkey and Marshall Islands". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved2020-11-02.
  17. ^"British Embassy Marshall Islands".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved30 January 2025.
  18. ^HM Revenue & Customs (8 November 2017)."UK-Marshall Islands Tax Information Exchange Agreement: exchange of information - in force".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 30 January 2025. Retrieved30 January 2025.
  19. ^General Assembly – Overall Votes – Comparison with U.S. voteArchived 2019-12-02 at theWayback Machine lists Marshall Islands as in the country with the second high coincidence of votes. Micronesia has always been in the top two.
  20. ^"Embassy of the Marshall Islands in the United States". Archived fromthe original on 2021-12-02. Retrieved2006-02-15.
  21. ^"Embassy of the United States in the Marshall Islands".Archived from the original on 2021-11-27. Retrieved2017-07-21.

External links

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