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TheArab League orLeague of Arab States was founded byEgypt in 1945 and is generally considered to have 23*-25* State members, alongside**Five**or**Seven Candidates AND Observers; including.:Albania;Armenia;Chad;Eritrea;Djibouti;Malta;Somalia; andVenezuela.:[1][2][3][4] TheArab League itself is an observer in several international and regional organizations, such as the:
United Nations; theOrganisation of Islamic Cooperation; theAfrican Union; theNon-Aligned Movement; and has observed several summits ofASEAN.[5]
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By January 2008 the AL and ASEAN had no significant relations, but theArab League's Economic Council decided to Expand economic cooperation with Regional blocks, to benefit from their Economic experience and development, and started contacting theAssociation of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN), to build better relations and to increase investments from this region, and to learn from their Economic Achievements to be applied in the League.which will help theArab States to increase inner investments and inner imports and exports, the Head of the Delegation, also secretary General of the Arab Council for Economic Development (ACED), Dr. Ahmed Jweily to sign a treaty of understanding and cooperation Between the Two Organizations. The Delegation concluded the visit announcing that three New Arab Unions are to be proposed for the council's 87th summit in its following Period.[5][10].::.
Bangladesh has strong relationships with Arab nations, particularlySaudi Arabia, due to shared Islamic values, a largeBangladeshi diaspora inSaudi Arabia, and mutual cooperation in international organizations like the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).[11].::
The recent economic boom in thePeople's Republic of China has led to an increased demand for oil and other raw petroleum products, much of which has been supplied by member states of the Arab League. Chinese-Arab relations in the past few years have increased with the institution of several Arab-Chinese business forums, conferences and meetings to increase trade and cooperation in recent years. China is the second-largest financial investor inSudan following the other members of theArab League, and as a result a majority of Sudan's production of petroleum is sent overseas toChina. Foreign ties have also been made with theArab League States ofMorocco,Algeria,Egypt,Iraq andSyria in order to further invest in petroleum production in the Middle East and North Africa.As of 2008, theArab League and thePeople's Republic of China have agreed to create an annual forum between the two parties in order to discuss matters of economics, trade and environmental studies. In 2009, the forum was expanded to also include the discussion of various nuclear projects.[5]
Russia has entertained diplomatic relations with theArab world since the 6th century CE, when theKhazar Khaganate waged war against theArab Empire[disambiguation needed].:.
has flourished most under theSoviet Union, due to the CommunistUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics' support for several Socialist Arab regimes against the CapitalistUnited States during theCold War, regimes like Nasser's Egypt and the Baathist regimes ofIraq andSyria, as well as other Socialist regimes inLibya andSouth Yemen.:.
After the end of the cold war and the establishment of theRussian Federation, new ties have been made.Russian Federation with its strong diplomatic relations with Arab States from theSoviet Era, is trying to regain its strength by supporting their causes, especially in the Security Council.[5][11].::
Historically, Iranian-Arab relations have been unstable. Conflicts within the Middle East have influenced judgements of Arab governments concerningIran.North African states have entertained closer diplomatic relations with Iran due to limited shared history.[5]
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Only Two or Three’s Arab Muslim states in the region recognise the Jewish state ofIsrael as well as:Jordan;Palestine and theUnited Arab Emirates. After the2008–2009 Gaza War;Qatar andMorocco ruptured relations withIsrael.[13][14][5]
The Arab-Japanese political relations date back to at least the early 20th century, manifested in Japan’s recognition of Egypt immediately after its independence in 1922 and opened its first consulate inPort Said in 1919.[15] This is considered the first official diplomatic contact in the Middle East for Japan.[15]
ThePLO opened their office in Tokyo in 1978. The Prime Minister of JapanMasayoshi Ōhira stated in theHouse of Councillors that the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people must include their right to establish an independent state, and that these rights must be recognized, especially the right to self-determination.
At the First Ministerial Conference of the Japanese-Arab Political Dialogue in November 2017, In Cairo, Japanese Foreign MinisterTaro Kono confirmed that the Middle East is a top priority for Japan, because it represents an important component of his country, "being one of the factors that cause Japan to live in welfare, whether socially or economically, because it is a primary driver of theJapanese economy".[16]
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Pakistan also enjoys extensive cultural & defense/military ties with most of the Arab League member states. Pakistan also has extensive trade ties with Arab League states, especially Saudi Arabia and the UAE with Saudi Arabia ranking as Pakistan's second largest trading partner after the United States.[17].::[11].::
TheArab League andEuropean Union have shared relations since the EU's acquirement into a more political bloc rather than an economic one. In March 2007, the 19th Arab League Summit was held inRiyadh,Saudi Arabia, in the presence of the Spanish politicianJavier Solana who represented the European Union's full support of theArab Peace Initiative of 2002.[18] Following the event, during which he held meetings withPalestinianPresidentMahmoud Abbas andArab League Secretary GeneralAmr Moussa, Solana stated: "Once again we find ourselves together, the European Union and theArab League States, once again we have an opportunity to re-affirm our joint commitment to the values ofcivilisation that we share, more than everEuropeans andArabs have to face common challenges, I am confident that we will find new ways to improve our cooperation".[19]
France has been historically affiliated with Arabic countries inNorth Africa (theMaghreb) and in theNear East, primarily due to French colonisation of the region.France is therefore culturally tied to the Arab World, particularly Maghrebi countries, theArab people in France is estimated to be over 4 million, making it one of the largestArab diaspora communities inEuropean Continent.[20][21][citation needed]
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TheUK and theArab League have a multifaceted relationship characterized by diplomatic, economic, and security ties. TheUK maintains a long-standing strategic partnership with theArab world, including strong bilateral relationships with individual countries likeSaudi Arabia and theUAE, and also engages with theArab League as a regional organisation.
[12]..:Formal relations between the Arab League and the African Union started in 1977, when they announced their cooperation in financial, political and economic issues. With a summit between both organizations inCairo that same year, they have signed several treaties aimed at improving cooperation.
On 16 January 2008, theArab League sent a Delegation to the AU Headquarters inAddis Ababa,Ethiopian Capital, to gain experience from the African Security and Peace Council, which has been in work since 2004, the Arab League's decision to create an Arab Peace and Security Council was taken following the2006 Lebanon war, in a procedure to place Peace keeping forces into South Sudan, South Lebanon, andEthiopian Peninsula, other regions such as Iraq and Iranians have not been announced or spoken of, since the Arab League's official Stance denounces any form of Foreign troops in Iraq, to maintain stability.Algeria,Mauritania,Libya,Morocco,Tunisia,Egypt,Sudan,Djibouti,Somalia andComoros are common members inOrganisation of Islamic Cooperation and involve of these two international Organisations.[23][11].::.
In 2003,Eritrea became the first Observer in the Pan-Arab Body, opening the door for it to become a prospect member in theArab League States, while the currentEritrean president has denied any plans for joining theLeague in the near future, due to its lack of efficiency.[24]
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Relations between theArab League and theUnion of South American Nations (USAN) have been established in recent years.[year needed] The population of the Arab community in Latin America is currently estimated to be approximately 20 to 25 million, which, according to Brazilian PresidentLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva, justified initiatives to improve political relations with the Middle East.[citation needed] The alliance between the Arab League and USAN also provided an opportunity to resolve both regions' dependence on thedeveloped world, particularly Western Europe, the US and Japan.[25] Political discussions between the Arab League and Latin America mainly concern energy ressources and trade. In May 2005, 35 countries were convened for the firstSummit of South American-Arab Countries (ASPA) held inBrazil.[26] During the event, delegates called forIsrael to dismantle settlements inPalestine, advocated for reform in theUnited Nations, expressed concerns regarding sanctions imposed onSyria by the United States and their support for Argentine in disputes on theFalkland Islands.[11].::.
[12].:Brazil was admitted as an observer to theArab League in 2003[27] and in 2004.[28] The country has a large Arab community, with over 11 million inhabitants of Arabic descent, predominantly fromLebanon.
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Interactions between theUnited States and the Middle East prior toWorld War II were limited. Following the decline of theOttoman Empire in 1918, diplomatic relations between the US and the Middle East improved, notably due to the former's investments in the modernisation of health care and educational institutions in several member states of what would become the Arab League.[citation needed] The US also provided Middle Eastern countries with highly skilled petroleum engineers. Other examples of cooperations between the US and the Arab World include the 1928Red Line Agreement and the unsuccessfulAnglo-American Petroleum Agreement issued in 1944, which facilitated American control of energy resources in the Middle East, namely petroleum products, and assured US economic security by preventing the emergence of an significant competitor on the international market. The 1928 Red Line Agreement constituted part of a network of agreements made in the 1920s to restrict the supply of petroleum and to ensure that major, predominantly American, companies could control oil prices on world markets for the following decades. The Anglo-American Petroleum Agreement was based on negotiations between the United States and theUnited Kingdom over the control ofArab people andMiddle Eastern oil wealth ofAramco.[5]
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Turkey andTurkic peoples have historical connections to the Arab world dating back to the medieval period, through theMamluks, theOttomans, and otherTurco-Persian empires. Turkey has expressed desires for an observer status in theLeague of Arab States, but has been refused for several political reasons. One of the reasons for refusals came fromIraq andBaathist Syria due to theTurkish Water Projects on theTigris andEuphrates rivers, especially theAtatürk Dam. Also theHatay Province's choice of self-annexation toTurkey in 1939 was never recognized bySyria, which continues to show the Hatay Province ofTurkey as part ofSyria's territory in its maps. After thefall of the Assad regime, Turkey has restored ties withSyria and maintains very close relations. A primary concern for Turkey stems from the possibility of an independentKurdish state arising from a destabilizedSyria.Turkey is currently fighting awar against Kurdish insurgents on its own soil, in which an estimated 37,000 people have lost their lives.
After the end of theQatar diplomatic crisis,Turkey has improved relations withEgypt,Saudi Arabia, theUnited Arab Emirates, andTunisia.
Arab League relations withUzbekistan have been almost nonexistent until 2007. Then the Arab League Secretary GeneralAmr Moussa and the Uzbek presidentIslam Karimov have met to carry on discussions held previously in Cairo, for more Arab cooperation with Central Asia and more Central Asian support for Arab causes, such asIraq,Sudan andPalestine.[30]
Venezuela has a large Arab population fromSyria,Lebanon andPalestine, has supported the Palestinian Cause, and is one of two Latin American countries to cut off ties withIsrael (the other being Bolivia). It was granted observer status in theArab League in 2006.[31][32][33][34].:
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