Movatterモバイル変換

[0]ホーム
URL:

Jump to content
WikipediaThe Free Encyclopedia
Search

Foreign relations of Madagascar

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

flagMadagascar portal

Madagascar hasdiplomatic relations with many countries, both individualbilateral relations and by virtue of its membership of African and other regional blocs. International aid has been received from theIMF and theWorld Bank, and a national environmental plan supported by the World Bank andUSAID began in 1990.

Regional relations

[edit]

Madagascar historically has remained outside the mainstream of African affairs, although it is a member of theIndian Ocean Commission, theOrganization of African Unity (now renamed the AU), thePort Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa (PMAESA), and theNon-Aligned Movement. Madagascar was admitted to theSouthern African Development Community in 2004.

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which Madagascar maintains diplomatic relations with:

#CountryDate
1France25 June 1960[1]
2India25 June 1960[2]
3United States25 June 1960[3]
4Germany26 June 1960[4]
5United Kingdom27 June 1960[5]
6Israel1 July 1960[6]
7Japan5 July 1960[7]
8Panama20 September 1960[8]
9Portugal20 September 1960[9]
10Norway27 October 1960[10]
11Netherlands16 March 1961[11]
12Italy30 May 1961[12]
14  Switzerland13 June 1961[13]
15Sweden17 August 1961[14]
14Greece26 September 1961[15]
16South Korea25 June 1962[16]
17Pakistan16 August 1962[17]
18Turkey30 January 1963[18]
19Algeria15 June 1964[19]
20Belgium15 July 1964[20]
21Denmark1964[21]
22Canada7 January 1965[22]
23Spain25 March 1966[23]
24Sierra Leone5 November 1966[24]
—Holy See24 December 1966[25]
25Luxembourg13 January 1967[26]
26Austria1967[27]
27Mauritius27 August 1968[28]
28Romania10 September 1968[29]
29Tunisia12 March 1969[30]
30Egypt23 February 1970[31]
31Serbia4 June 1971[32]
32Nigeria24 June 1971[33]
33Lesotho7 December 1971[34]
34Chile23 December 1971[35]
35Russia29 September 1972[36]
36China6 November 1972[37]
37North Korea16 November 1972[38]
38Vietnam19 December 1972[39]
39Guinea26 December 1972[40]
40Tanzania28 June 1973[41]
41Zambia13 September 1973[42]
42Poland28 November 1973[43]
43Kuwait6 December 1973[44]
44Libya9 February 1974[45]
45Cuba11 April 1974[46]
46Democratic Republic of the Congo26 July 1974[47]
47Australia22 August 1974[48]
48Indonesia13 December 1974[49]
49Mozambique9 August 1975[50]
50Hungary1 December 1975[51]
51Mexico26 December 1975[52]
52Iraq26 March 1976[53]
53Albania28 April 1976[54]
54Czech Republic5 May 1976[55]
55Bulgaria15 June 1976[56]
56Comoros12 November 1976[57]
57Finland1 June 1977[58]
58Yemen31 December 1977[58]
—Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (frozen)29 January 1978[59]
59Mongolia11 May 1979[58]
60Laos27 February 1980[58]
61Zimbabwe19 October 1981[60]
62Iran13 July 1983[61]
63Nicaragua26 October 1984[58]
64Seychelles12 April 1989[62]
65Singapore31 January 1990[63]
66Thailand30 November 1990[58]
—Sovereign Military Order of Malta1990[64]
67Kyrgyzstan26 March 1992[65]
68Kazakhstan10 April 1992[66]
69Estonia13 April 1992[67]
70Brunei20 October 1992[58]
71Azerbaijan26 May 1993[68]
72Belarus28 May 1993[69]
73Ukraine10 June 1993[70]
74Tajikistan12 June 1993[71]
75Moldova17 June 1993[72]
76Armenia25 June 1993[73]
77South Africa27 January 1994[74]
78Morocco15 April 1994[75]
79Malaysia6 April 1995[58]
80Colombia15 June 1995[58]
81Turkmenistan1 December 1995[76]
82Slovakia16 February 1996[77]
83Brazil7 October 1996[58]
84Cambodia25 March 1997[58]
85Djibouti13 August 1999[78]
86Argentina20 July 2001[58]
87Sri Lanka27 July 2001[79]
88Senegal12 August 2002[80][81]
89North Macedonia18 October 2002[58]
90Burkina Faso14 October 2002[81]
91Mali1 August 2003[81]
92Cape Verde9 October 2003[81]
93Gambia20 July 2004[82][81]
94Cyprus3 March 2005[83]
95Namibia13 July 2005[84]
96BotswanaAugust 2005[85]
97Iceland22 September 2006[58]
98Croatia27 September 2006[86]
99Slovenia5 October 2006[58]
100Georgia24 May 2007[58]
101Uruguay29 August 2007[87]
102Ivory Coast29 May 2008[88]
103Saudi Arabia22 October 2008[89]
104Venezuela17 November 2008[58]
105Republic of the Congo17 September 2014[90]
106Togo24 March 2015[91]
107Sudan15 April 2015[92]
108Eswatini21 October 2015[93][94]
109Mauritania11 November 2015[95]
110Niger13 January 2016[96]
111Oman29 June 2016[58]
112United Arab Emirates22 September 2016[58]
113Lebanon5 May 2017[97]
114Eritrea12 April 2017[98]
115Lithuania19 September 2017[99]
116Rwanda17 January 2018[100]
117Andorra25 September 2018[58]
118Latvia26 September 2018[58]
119   Nepal26 September 2018[58]
120Bangladesh4 March 2020[101]
121Monaco11 December 2020[102]
122Malta22 September 2021[58]
123Qatar24 September 2021[58]
124Dominican Republic23 September 2022[58]
125Bahrain23 September 2022[58]
126San Marino1 February 2023[58]
127Ireland6 March 2024[103]
128Angola8 July 2024[104]
129Guinea-Bissau30 July 2024[105]
130Ghana24 September 2024[106]
131Burundi26 September 2024[107]
132New Zealand17 September 2025[108]
133CameroonUnknown
134ChadUnknown
135EthiopiaUnknown
136KenyaUnknown
137LiberiaUnknown
138MalawiUnknown
139UgandaUnknown

Bilateral relations

[edit]

International agencies being present in the country allows to react quickly to emergencies such as a food crisis.[109]

Africa

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Mauritius27 August 1968SeeMadagascar–Mauritius relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 August 1968[110]

  • Madagascar has an embassy inPort Louis.
  • Mauritius has an embassy in Antananarivo.
Morocco15 April 1994

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 April 1994[111]

  • Madagascar is accredited to Morocco from its embassy in Dakar, Senegal.
  • Morocco has an embassy in Antananarivo.
Mozambique9 August 1975Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 August 1975[112]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Mozambique from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Mozambique is accredited to Madagascar from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
Namibia13 July 2005Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 July 2005 when has been accredited ambassador of Madagascar to Namibia with residence in Pretoria Mr. Yvan Randriasandratriniony.[113]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Namibia from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Namibia is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Harare, Zimbabwe.
Nigeria24 June 1971Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 June 1971[114]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Nigeria from its embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
  • Nigeria is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy inMaputo,Mozambique.
Senegal12 August 2002Both countries established diplomatic relations on 12 August 2002[115]
  • Madagascar has an embassy inDakar.
  • Senegal is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
South Africa27 January 1994SeeMadagascar–South Africa relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 January 1994.[116]South Africa and Madagascar share maritime borders with each other.

Tanzania28 June 1973Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 1973[119]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Tanzania from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Maputo, Mozambique.

Americas

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Argentina20 July 2001Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 July 2001[120]
  • Argentina is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Madagascar does not have an accreditation to Argentina.
Brazil7 October 1996Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 October 1996[121]
  • Brazil is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy inMaputo,Mozambique.
  • Madagascar is accredited to Brazil from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
Canada7 January 1965SeeCanada–Madagascar relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1965[122]

  • Canada is accredited to Madagascar from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.[123]
  • Madagascar has an embassy inOttawa.[124]
Colombia15 June 1995Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 June 1995[125]
  • Colombia is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.[126]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Colombia from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States.
Cuba11 April 1974Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 April 1974[127]
  • Cuba is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy inNairobi,Kenya.
  • Madagascar is accredited to Cuba from its embassy in Ottawa, Canada.
Mexico26 December 1975[128]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Mexico from its embassy inWashington, D.C.,United States and maintains an honorary consulate inMexico City.[129]
  • Mexico is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa and maintains an honorary consulate in Antananarivo.[130]
United States26 June 1960[131]SeeMadagascar–United States relations

Relations between the United States and Madagascar date to the middle 19th century. The two countries concluded a commercial convention in 1867 and a treaty of peace, friendship, and commerce in 1881. Traditionally warm relations suffered considerably during the 1970s, when Madagascar expelled the U.S. ambassador, the USA closed aNASA tracking station, allied with theUSSR, and nationalized two U.S. oil companies. In 1980, relations at the ambassadorial level were restored.

Throughout the troubled period, commercial and cultural relations remained active. In 1990, Madagascar was designated as a priority aid recipient, and assistance increased from $15 million in 1989 to $40 million in 1993. Recent U.S. assistance has contributed to a population census andfamily planning programs; conservation of Madagascar's remarkablebiodiversity, private sector development,agriculture,democracy and governance initiatives; and media training. Madagascar became the first country with a Millennium Challenge Account compact when it signed an agreement worth $110 million in April 2006. TheRavalomanana government is especially positive about ties with the United States.

Public Domain This article incorporatespublic domain material fromU.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets.United States Department of State.[134][135]

Asia

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
China6 November 1972SeeChina-Madagascar relations

China and Madagascar established diplomatic relations on November 6, 1972.[136]

India27 June 1960SeeIndia–Madagascar relations

India has had maritime links with Madagascar for several centuries.[139] India opened a consulate general in Antananarivo in 1954. Upon Madagascar gaining independence in 1960, it was upgraded to an embassy.[139] There are about 20,000 persons of Indian origin in Madagascar, including approximately 2,500 Indian passport holders.[140]

Indonesia13 December 1974[143]SeeIndonesia–Madagascar relations
  • Indonesia has an embassy in Antananarivo.
  • Madagascar does not have an accreditation to Indonesia.
Israel

The two countries have a number of bilateral agreements in force.[144]

  • Israel does not have an accreditation to Madagascar.
  • Madagascar is accredited to Israel from its embassy in Paris, France.
JapanMarch 1962

The two countries established diplomatic relations on July 5, 1960.[145]

  • Japan has an embassy in Antananarivo.
  • Madagascar has an embassy inTokyo.
Saudi Arabia22 October 2008Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 October 2008[146]
  • Madagascar has an embassy inRiyadh.
  • Saudi Arabia is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy inDar-es-Salaam, Tanzania.
South Korea25 June 1962,[147] broke off diplomatic relations in July 1972, Restored 19 May 1993
  • Madagascar is accredited to South Korea from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Antananarivo.
Turkey30 January 1963SeeMadagascar–Turkey relations
  • Madagascar is accredited to Turkey from its embassy in Rome, Italy.[148]
  • Turkey has an embassy in Antananarivo.[148]
  • Trade volume between the two countries was 76.5 million USD in 2019 (Malagasy exports/imports: 5.2/71.3 million USD).[148]
Vietnam19 December 1972

The two countries established diplomatic relations on 19 December 1972.[149]

  • Madagascar is accredited to Vietnam from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • Vietnam is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Maputo, Mozambique.

Europe

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Croatia27 September 2006

The two countries established diplomatic relations on 27 September 2006.[150]

  • Croatia is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Madagascar does not have an accreditation to Croatia.
Cyprus
  • Cyprus is accredited to Madagascar from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.[151] and an honorary consulate inAntananarivo.[152]
  • Madagascar does not have an accreditation to Cyprus.
Denmark1964[21]
  • Denmark is represented in Madagascar, through its embassy in Pretoria.[153]
  • Denmark have a consulate inAntananarivo.[153]
France25 June 1960SeeFrance–Madagascar relations

both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1960.

Germany26 June 1960SeeGermany–Madagascar relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 June 1960[156]

  • Germany has an embassy in Antananarivo.
  • Madagascar has an embassy inBerlin.
Greece1962Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1962[157]
  • Greece is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy inNairobi,Kenya.[158]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Greece from its embassy in Rome, Italy.[158]
Holy See24 December 1966[159]
  • Holy See has an apostolic nunciature in Antananarivo.
  • Madagascar is accredited to the Holy See from its embassy in Paris, France.
Iceland22 September 2006Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 2006[160]
  • Iceland is accredited to Madagascar from its Ministry of Foreign Affairs inReykjavík.
  • Madagascar is accredited to Iceland from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
Norway27 October 1960Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 October 1960[161]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Norway from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
  • Norway has an embassy in Antananarivo.
Poland28 November 1973Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 November 1973[162]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Poland from its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
  • Poland is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya and maintains an honorary consulate in Antananarivo.
Romania10 September 1968

The two countries established diplomatic relations on 10 September 1968.[163]

  • Madagascar is accredited to Romania from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • Romania is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
Russia29 September 1972SeeMadagascar–Russia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 September 1972.[164]

During the2009 Malagasy political crisis, Russia'sForeign MinisterSergey Lavrov stated that Russia is "concerned by the increased frequency of attempts on the African continent to resort to non-constitutional methods of solving internal political problems." He went on to say that, in addition to increasing economic and social problems, the use of force is of concern and runs counter to democratic principles, whilst affirming Russia's support of the African Union's position.[165]

  • Madagascar has an embassy in Moscow.[166]
  • Russia has an embassy in Antananarivo.[167]
Serbia9 December 1969

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1969.[168]

  • A number of bilateral agreements have been concluded and are in force between the two countries.[169]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Serbia from its embassy in Rome, Italy.
  • Serbia is accredited to Madagascar from its Permanent Mission to the United Nations in New York City, United States.
Spain25 March 1966Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 March 1966[170]
  • Madagascar is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Paris, France.
  • Spain is accredited to Madagascar from its embassy in Pretoria, South Africa.
 Switzerland13 June 1961Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 June 1961[171]
  • Madagascar has an embassy inGeneva.
  • Switzerland has an embassy in Antananarivo.
United Kingdom1960SeeMadagascar–United Kingdom relations
Malagasy PresidentHery Rajaonarimampianina withBritish Foreign Office MinisterJames Duddridge in London, November 2015.

The UK establisheddiplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 27 June 1960.[5][failed verification]

  • Madagascar maintains an embassy inLondon.[172]
  • The United Kingdom is accredited to Madagascar through its embassy in Antananarivo.[173]

The UK administeredMadagascar from 1942 to 1943, when Madagascar was transferred to France.

Both countries share common membership of theInternational Criminal Court, theUnited Nations, and theWorld Trade Organization, as well as theEastern and Southern Africa–UK Economic Partnership Agreement.[174]Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership.[175]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^"Liste Chronologique des Ambassadeurs, Envoyés Extraordinaires, Ministres Plénipotentiaires et Chargés D'Affaires de France à L'Étranger Depuis 1945"(PDF).Diplomatie.gouv.fr (in French). Retrieved15 December 2023.
  2. ^"Dr. L. Subramaniam and Kavita Krishnamurti perform in Madagascar to mark 62 years of India-Madagascar diplomatic relations".Embassy of India, Antananarivo, Madagascar. 25 June 2022. Retrieved8 April 2024.
  3. ^"All Countries".Office of the Historian. Retrieved12 November 2021.
  4. ^"Madagaskar: Steckbrief".Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved23 July 2023.
  5. ^ab"An Anglo-Malagasy chronology".The Anglo-Malagasy Society. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  6. ^Israel Government Year-book. Government Printer. 1960. p. 222.
  7. ^"Countries & Regions".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Retrieved16 July 2023.
  8. ^"03. ANEXO"(PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved23 January 2020.
  9. ^"Madagáscar - Titulares".Portal Diplomático (in Portuguese). Retrieved29 December 2024.
  10. ^"Norges opprettelse af diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater"(PDF).regjeringen.no (in Norwegian). 27 April 1999. Retrieved18 October 2021.
  11. ^Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1960. p. 103.
  12. ^Europe, France outremer, Issues 371-381. 1961. p. 42.
  13. ^"Madagascar et la Suisse fêtent aujourd'hui 60 ans de relations bilatérales le 13 juin 1961" (in French). 13 June 2021. Retrieved29 December 2024.
  14. ^"Svenska Dagbladet".Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). 17 August 1961. p. 7. Retrieved6 April 2025.
  15. ^Bulletin de Madagascar, Volume 185 (in French). 1961.26 septembre 1961 - Remise de lettres de créance par M. l'Ambassadeur de Grèce , Vassili D. Lappas...
  16. ^"Overview (MFA Republic of Korea)".
  17. ^Afrique Volumes 14-19 (in French). Société internationale de publications commerciales, culturelles et artistiques. 1962. p. 40.A Tananarive. Deux nouveaux ambassadeurs ont présente leurs lettres de créance ... et Sultan Abdul Aziz Khan , ambassadeur du Pakistan , résidant à Khartoum .
  18. ^Madagascar renouveau Issues 2-6 (in French). Ministère de l'information, de l'animation idéologique et des relations avec les institutions, Direction de la presse et des publications, Service de production. 1977. p. 12.Pays avec lesquels la République Démocratique de Madagascar entretient des relations diplomatiques ... Turquie 30 Janvier 1963
  19. ^Pr. Borsali Fewzi."Culture du dialogue : Algérie –Afrique sub-saharienne 1962-1988" (in French). p. 40. Retrieved20 July 2023.
  20. ^Belgisch staatsblad, issues 128–148 (in Dutch and French). 1964. p. 7781.
  21. ^ab"Danemark".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Madagascar (in French). Archived fromthe original on 5 October 2016. Retrieved27 August 2019.
  22. ^A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations, 1925-1983. Canadian Library Association, 1985. p. 35.
  23. ^"MADAGASCAR FICHA PAIS"(PDF) (in Spanish). p. 4. Retrieved28 July 2023.
  24. ^Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1966. p. 657.
  25. ^"Diplomatic Relations Of The Holy See".
  26. ^"Bulletin de documentation_1967_4"(PDF).sip.gouvernement.lu (in French). p. 26. Retrieved24 May 2023.
  27. ^"Madagascar".Austrian Embassy Pretoria. Retrieved7 March 2024.
  28. ^"Historical links between Mauritius and Madagascar". Retrieved24 July 2023.
  29. ^"Diplomatic Relations of Romania".Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  30. ^ARR: Arab Report and Record. Economic Features, Limited. 1969. p. 104.
  31. ^Summary of World Broadcasts Non-Arab Africa · Issues 3269-3342. British Broadcasting Corporation. Monitoring Service. 1970. p. 8.
  32. ^Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1969. p. 1623.
  33. ^Africa. Agence France Presse. 1971. p. 12.
  34. ^"Malagasy: Chief Jonathan Of Lesotho Arrives For Official Visit. 1971".British Pathé. 8 December 1971. Retrieved28 July 2023.
  35. ^Reseña histórica de la presencia chilena en África (in Spanish)
  36. ^"50 years of Russia-Madagascar bilateral relations".MFA Russia. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  37. ^"Madagascar -- china.org.cn".China.org.cn. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  38. ^"DPRK Diplomatic Relations"(PDF).ncnk.org. August 2016. p. 4. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  39. ^"Republic of Madagascar".vietnam.gov.vn. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  40. ^André Lewin (2009).Ahmed Sékou Touré, 1922-1984: 1958-1960 (chapitres 31 à 40): Sékou Touré ouvre Guinée sur le monde extérieur : les deux Allemagne, les Nations Unies, l'Afrique, la Chine et le pays d'Asie, les États-Unis, Israël (in French). L'Harmattan. p. 90.
  41. ^"Malagasy Republic: Visiting Tanzanian Foreign Minister Signs Diplomatic, Economic And Cultural Agreements.1973".British Pathé. 30 June 1973. Retrieved28 July 2023.
  42. ^Africa Research Bulletin - Page 2984. Blackwell. 1973.
  43. ^"Diplomatic relations between Poland and Republic of Madagascar were established".
  44. ^Record of the Arab World: Yearbook of Arab and Israeli Politics, Volume 1. Research and Publishing House., 1973. p. 226.
  45. ^ARR: Arab Report and Record - Page 31. Economic Features, Limited. 1974.
  46. ^"MEMORIA ANUAL 2015. Page 22 (in Spanish)"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2021-04-13. Retrieved2022-01-06.
  47. ^Translations on Sub-Saharan Africa Issues 1497-1511. United States. Joint Publications Research Service. 1974. p. 36. Retrieved26 April 2023.
  48. ^"Vol. 45 No. 8 (August 1974)".Trove. p. 565. Retrieved2023-10-19.
  49. ^"Hubungan Indonesia Madagaskar (in Indonesian)".
  50. ^Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p. 216.
  51. ^Magyar Külpolitikai Évkönyv 1968-2010 Magyar Külpolitikai Évkönyv, 1975 (in Hungarian). p. 47. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  52. ^"NOMBRAMIENTOS DIPLOMATICOS DE RECIENTE INGRESO AL SENADO DE LA REPUBLICA EN AFRICA, EL CARIBE Y EUROPA. Page 9 (in Spanish)"(PDF).
  53. ^Current Background, Issues 1045-1048. U.S. Department of Commerce. 1976. p. 60.
  54. ^Current Background Issues 1045-1048. American Consulate General. 1976. p. 4. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  55. ^Petruf, Pavol.Československá zahraničná politika 1945 – 1992 (in Slovak). pp. 99–119.
  56. ^"Установяване, прекъсване u възстановяване на дипломатическите отношения на България (1878-2005)" (in Bulgarian).
  57. ^"Madagascar: Comores-Madagascar - Réunion d'une commission mixte avant-hier".allAfrica (in French). 16 October 2019. Retrieved28 July 2023.
  58. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaa"Diplomatic relations between Madagascar and ..."United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved8 April 2024.
  59. ^ARR Arab Report and Record. Economic Features, Limited. 1978. p. 59.The SADR and Madagascar had agreed to establish diplomatic relations at ambassadorial level, the Algiers daily El-Moudjahid reported on 29 January.
  60. ^Le Mois en Afrique - Issues 186-193 - Page 155. 1981.
  61. ^"Iran, Madagascar express readiness to establish joint commission".Islamic Republic News Agency. 13 July 2023. Retrieved13 February 2024.
  62. ^Newsom, David D. (2019).The Diplomatic Record 1989-1990. Routledge.The Republic of Seychelles established diplomatic relations with the Democratic Republic of Madagascar.
  63. ^"Milestones of Singapore's External Relations August 1965-May 2005. Page 448".doi:10.1142/9789812567628_bmatter (inactive 12 July 2025).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of July 2025 (link)
  64. ^de Béthencourt, Marcos Fernández (2019).La orden de Malta: Estatuto Jurídico internacional (in Spanish). Editorial Sanz Y Torres. pp. 302–309.
  65. ^"Список стран, с которыми КР установил дипломатические отношения" (in Russian). Retrieved10 October 2021.
  66. ^"Страны, установившие дипломатические отношения с Республикой Казахстан (MFA Kazakhstan) (in Russian)". Archived fromthe original on 20 February 2020.
  67. ^"Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia (MFA Estonia in Estonian)".
  68. ^"Madaqaskar".mfa.gov.az. Retrieved2021-01-20.
  69. ^"26 июня: этот день в истории". 26 June 2018.
  70. ^"Middle East and Africa".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine. 20 June 2023. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  71. ^"LIST OF STATES WITH WHICH THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2022-09-23. Retrieved2022-01-06.
  72. ^"Lista tratatelor bilaterale încheiate de către Republica Moldova"(PDF).mfa.gov.md (in Romanian). p. 137. Retrieved3 November 2025.
  73. ^"Madagascar - Bilateral Relations".Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Armenia. Retrieved8 April 2024.
  74. ^"BILATERAL AGREEMENTS SIGNED BY SOUTH AFRICA AS ON 25 JUNE 2020". Retrieved21 July 2023.
  75. ^Revue de l'océan Indien Madagascar - Issues 130-137 - Page 64. Communication et médias océan Indien. 1994.
  76. ^"STATES WITH WHICH TURKMENISTAN ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS".
  77. ^"Madagaskar: Základné informácie".mzv.sk (in Slovak). Retrieved29 July 2023.
  78. ^"Etat des Relations".Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres et de la Cooperation Internationale Djibouti (in French). Archived fromthe original on 18 August 2013. Retrieved7 December 2023.
  79. ^"Dates of Establishment of Diplomatic Relations (MFA Sri Lanka)".
  80. ^"Midi de Madagascar 13/08/02: Deux rescapés".razafimahazo.free.fr (in French). Retrieved8 March 2024.
  81. ^abcde"AFRIQUE - MADAGASCAR Présentation des lettres de créance".razafimahazo.free.fr (in French). 5 April 2005. Retrieved18 April 2024.
  82. ^"27/07/2004 Présentation des lettres de créances à la Gambie".razafimahazo.free.fr (in French). Retrieved21 February 2024.
  83. ^"Ο Πρέσβης κ. Κώστας Λεοντίου επέδωσε τα διαπιστευτήρια του στον Πρόεδρο της Μαδαγασκάρης".cyprusdigitallibrary.org.cy (in Greek). 3 March 2005. Retrieved27 June 2025.
  84. ^Diplomatic List. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Protocol. 2009. p. 2.
  85. ^"Coopération : le Botswana s'intéresse à la Grande île".newsmada.com (in French). 15 February 2017. Archived fromthe original on 20 February 2017. Retrieved18 August 2023.
  86. ^"Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations".Republic of Croatia Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  87. ^"Hoy cumplimos 18 años de relaciones diplomáticas con Madgascar" (in Spanish). 29 August 2025. Retrieved30 August 2025.
  88. ^"Ambassades étrangères en République de Côte d'Ivoire".am.afdb.org (in French). Retrieved17 September 2025.Madagascar (République de Madagascar) Ambassadeur S.E.M Paraina Auguste Richard (29/05/2008)
  89. ^"Saudi Arabia and Madagascar established diplomatic relations (in Arabic language)".جريدة الرياض.
  90. ^"Manque de confiance des bailleurs de fonds : Déblocage incertain des financements europeens".midi-madagasikara.mg (in French). 18 September 2014. Retrieved21 July 2023.
  91. ^"Quatre nouveaux Ambassadeurs reçus par Madame le Ministre Béatrice Atallah le 24 mars 2015" (in French). 2 April 2015. Archived fromthe original on 13 June 2015. Retrieved6 February 2025.
  92. ^"Diplomatie : Les ambassadeurs belge et soudanais à Iavoloha".midi-madagasikara.mg (in French). 16 April 2015. Retrieved25 July 2023.
  93. ^"Revue de la Présidence de la République de Madagascar - Octobre 2015".presidence.gov.mg (in French). 30 June 2016. p. 19. Retrieved28 July 2023.
  94. ^"Lettres de creances: les nouveaux ambassadeurs du Mexique, dela Colombie, du Swaziland, et du Venezuela a Iavoloha".presidence.gov.mg (in French). 21 October 2015. Archived fromthe original on 29 October 2015. Retrieved29 December 2023.
  95. ^"Notre ambassadeur à Antananarivo remet ses lettres de créances au Président malgache".Agence Mauritanienne d'information (in French). 13 November 2015. Retrieved24 July 2023.
  96. ^"Iavoloha : Trois ambassadeurs chez Hery Rajaonarimampianina".midi-madagasikara.mg (in French). 14 January 2016. Retrieved25 July 2023.
  97. ^"عون:استقبل وزيرة خارجيّة مدغشقر ووفوداً".iss-foundation.com (in Arabic). 5 May 2017. Retrieved22 August 2023.
  98. ^"Le Président de la République reçoit les lettres de créances des nouveaux ambassadeurs de l'Erythrée et de la Slovaquie".alwihdainfo.com (in French). 12 April 2017. Retrieved25 July 2023.
  99. ^Kryptis, Dizaino."Lithuania establishes diplomatic relations with Madagascar (MFA Lithuania)".
  100. ^"Iavoloha : Valse diplomatique hier".midi-madagasikara.mg (in French). 18 January 2018. Retrieved21 July 2023.
  101. ^"Présentation de la lettre de créances de l'Ambassadeur de Bengladesh à Madagascar".presidence.gov.mg (in French). Archived fromthe original on 21 January 2024. Retrieved21 January 2024.
  102. ^"Cérémonie des remises des lettres de créances de SEM Olivier Rija RAJOHNSON au Prince souverain S.A.S ALBERT II de Monaco".
  103. ^"Présentation des lettres de créance des nouveaux ambassadeurs du Zimbabwe, du Brésil et de l'Irlande".presidence.gov.mg (in French). 6 March 2024. Retrieved7 March 2024.
  104. ^"L'Angola et Madagascar ont échangé lundi, à Antananarivo, des notes pour établir des relations diplomatiques, ainsi qu'une déclaration commune" (in French). 9 July 2024. Retrieved12 July 2024.
  105. ^"Madagascar's President Andry Rajoelina visit to Guinea-Bissau". 7 August 2024. Retrieved4 October 2024.
  106. ^"My counterpart from Madagascar, Hon. Rasata Rafaravavitafika (MP), and I took a significant step towards building a stronger relationship between our two countries, by signing a Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between Ghana and Madagascar". 24 September 2024. Retrieved24 September 2024.
  107. ^"... Ambassadeur Albert SHINGIRO et le Ministre des Affaires Etrangères du Madagascar Son Excellence Madame Rasata Rafaravavitafika ont signé un communiqué conjoint sur l'établissement des relations diplomatiques entre la République du Burundi et la République de Madagascar" (in French). 26 September 2024. Retrieved26 September 2024.
  108. ^"Honoured to hand over the signed original of the Memorandum of Understanding Establishing Diplomatic Relations between New Zealand and Madagascar..." 17 September 2025. Retrieved17 September 2025.
  109. ^Ford, Peter; Peterson, Scott; Brown, Ryan Lenora (July 30, 2017)."Can famine be checked as Africa faces its worst crisis since the 1980s?".Christian Science Monitor.
  110. ^"Historical links between Mauritius and Madagascar".Embassy of the Republic of Mauritius in Antananarivo. Retrieved5 May 2023.
  111. ^Revue de l'océan Indien Madagascar - Issues 130-137 - Page 64. Communication et médias océan Indien. 1994.
  112. ^Southern African Political History: A Chronology of Key Political Events from Independence to Mid-1997. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1999. p. 216.
  113. ^Diplomatic List. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Protocol. 2009. p. 2.
  114. ^Africa. Agence France Presse. 1971. p. 12.
  115. ^"Midi de Madagascar 13/08/02: Deux rescapés".razafimahazo.free.fr (in French). Retrieved8 March 2024.
  116. ^"BILATERAL AGREEMENTS SIGNED BY SOUTH AFRICA AS ON 25 JUNE 2020". Retrieved21 July 2023.
  117. ^"Embassy of Madagascar in Pretoria".Madagascar.org.za. 2 April 2015. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved2017-08-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  118. ^"Department of International Relations and Cooperation - South Africa".Dfa.gov.za.
  119. ^"Malagasy Republic: Visiting Tanzanian Foreign Minister Signs Diplomatic, Economic And Cultural Agreements.1973".British Pathé. 30 June 1973. Retrieved28 July 2023.
  120. ^Diplomatic relations between Argentina and Madagascar as of 20 July 2001. UN Digital Library. 20 July 2001.
  121. ^Diplomatic Relations Between Brazil and Madagascar as of 7 Oct. 1996. UN Digital Library. 7 October 1996.
  122. ^A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations, 1925-1983. Canadian Library Association, 1985. p. 35.
  123. ^Government of Canada, Foreign Affairs Trade and Development Canada (9 September 2013)."High Commission of Canada to South Africa".Canadainternational.gc.ca. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  124. ^"Embassy of Madagascar in Canada".Madagascar-embassy.ca. Archived fromthe original on 22 July 2015. Retrieved26 August 2017.
  125. ^Diplomatic Relations Between Colombia and Madagascar as of 15 June 1995. UN Digital Library. 15 June 1995.
  126. ^Colombia Embassies
  127. ^"MEMORIA ANUAL 2015. Page 22 (in Spanish)"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 2021-04-13. Retrieved2022-01-06.
  128. ^"NOMBRAMIENTOS DIPLOMATICOS DE RECIENTE INGRESO AL SENADO DE LA REPUBLICA EN AFRICA, EL CARIBE Y EUROPA. Page 9 (in Spanish)"(PDF).
  129. ^Embassy of Madagascar in the United States
  130. ^Embassy of Mexico in South Africa
  131. ^"A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Madagascar".
  132. ^"Malagasy Embassy - EMBASSY OF THE REPUBLIC OF MADAGASCAR IN WASHINGTON D.C."Madagascar-embassy.org. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  133. ^"Home - Madagascar - United States Mission".Antananarivo.usembassy.gov. Archived fromthe original on 2017-05-02. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  134. ^"Background Note: Madagascar".Webcitation.org. Retrieved2017-08-27.
  135. ^"Madagascar".State.gov. Retrieved26 August 2017.
  136. ^"Madagascar -- china.org.cn".China.org.cn. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  137. ^"Ambassade de la République Populaire de Chine en République de Madagascar".China-embassy.org. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  138. ^"誉鼎娱乐-誉鼎娱乐平台".Ambamadbeijing.com. Archived fromthe original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved26 August 2017.
  139. ^ab"India-Madagascar Relations"(PDF).Mea.gov.in. Retrieved2017-08-27.
  140. ^"India - Madagascar Relations"(PDF).Mea.gov.in. Retrieved2017-08-27.
  141. ^"Embassy of India, Antananarivo, Madagascar".Embassyofindia.mg. Archived fromthe original on 2018-08-28. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  142. ^"Your IP is blacklisted in bl.hostprotect.net - redirecting".mae.gov.mg. Archived fromthe original on 14 March 2015. Retrieved17 January 2022.
  143. ^"Hubungan Indonesia Madagaskar (in Indonesian)".
  144. ^"Archived copy". Archived fromthe original on 2017-01-07. Retrieved2017-02-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  145. ^"Japan-Madagascar Relations (Basic Data)".Mofa.go.jp. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  146. ^"Saudi Arabia and Madagascar established diplomatic relations (in Arabic language)".جريدة الرياض.
  147. ^"Overview (MFA Republic of Korea)".
  148. ^abc"Relations between Turkey and Madagascar".
  149. ^"Republic of Madagascar".vietnam.gov.vn. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  150. ^"Date of Recognition and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations".Republic of Croatia Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  151. ^"MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS - Cyprus Diplomatic Missions Abroad".Mfa.gov.cy. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  152. ^"MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS - Honorary Consular Officers of the Republic of Cyprus".Mfa.gov.cy. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  153. ^ab"Madagaskar". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Denmark. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2012. Retrieved19 October 2011.
  154. ^"La France à Madagascar".Ambafrance-mada.org. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  155. ^"Accueil".Ambassade Madagascar.
  156. ^"Madagaskar: Aufnahme diplomatischer Beziehungen (in German)".
  157. ^Afrique Volumes 14-19 (in French). Société internationale de publications commerciales, culturelles et artistiques. 1962. p. 64.Le gouvernement grec a donné son agrément à la nomination de M. Pierre Razafy Andriamihaingo en qualité d'ambassadeur de la République Malgache à Athènes. M. Razafy Andriamihaingo est déjà ambassadeur à Londres . Une ambassade de Grèce existe à Tananarive et son titulaire est également ambassadeur à Pretoria.
  158. ^ab"Greece's Bilateral Relations".Mfa.gr. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  159. ^"Diplomatic Relations Of The Holy See".
  160. ^Diplomatic Relations Between Iceland and Madagascar as of 22 Sept. 2006. UN Digital Library. 22 September 2006.
  161. ^"Norges opprettelse av diplomatiske forbindelser med fremmede stater (in Norwegian)"(PDF).
  162. ^"Diplomatic relations between Poland and Republic of Madagascar were established".
  163. ^"Diplomatic Relations of Romania".Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  164. ^"50 years of Russia-Madagascar bilateral relations".MFA Russia. Retrieved29 July 2023.
  165. ^"Transcript of Remarks and Response to Media Questions by Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation Sergey Lavrov at Joint Press Conference Following Talks with Ojo Maduekwe, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Nigeria, Moscow, March 17, 2009" (Press release).Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. 17 March 2009. Retrieved2009-03-18.
  166. ^"Посольство Мадагаскара в РФ - Обращение Посла МАДАГАСКАРА в РФ".Ambamadagascar.ru. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  167. ^"Главная - Министерство иностранных дел Российской Федерации".Madagasxar.mid.ru. Archived fromthe original on 2011-04-30. Retrieved2017-08-26.
  168. ^Africa Research Bulletin. Blackwell. 1969. p. 1623.
  169. ^"МАDAGASCAR"(DOC).Mfa.gov.rs. Retrieved2017-08-27.
  170. ^"MADAGASCAR FICHA PAIS"(PDF) (in Spanish). p. 4. Retrieved28 July 2023.
  171. ^"Madagascar et la Suisse fêtent aujourd'hui 60 ans de relations bilatérales le 13 juin 1961".
  172. ^"Embassy of Madagascar in London".Embassy of Madagascar in London. Retrieved14 February 2025.
  173. ^"British Embassy Antananarivo".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 11 July 2025. Retrieved16 July 2025.
  174. ^Department for International Trade (6 February 2019)."ESA-UK economic partnership agreement (EPA)".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 1 August 2024. Retrieved1 August 2024.
  175. ^Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (17 July 2023)."Country and regional development partnership summaries".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 26 May 2024. Retrieved27 May 2024.

External links

[edit]
Foreign relations of Africa
Sovereign states
States with limited
recognition
Dependencies and
other territories
Africa
Coat of arms of Madagascar
Americas
Asia
Europe
Diplomatic missions
Related topics
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Madagascar&oldid=1320218679"
Category:
Hidden categories:
[8]ページ先頭
©2009-2025 Movatter.jp