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Foreign relations of El Salvador

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

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El Salvador is a member of theUnited Nations and several of its specialized agencies, theOrganization of American States (OAS), theCentral American Common Market (CACM), theCentral American Parliament (PARLACEN), and theCentral American Integration System (SICA). It actively participates in the Central American Security Commission (CASC), which seeks to promote regional arms control.

In November 1950, El Salvador helped the newly empowered14th Dalai Lama by supporting hisTibetan Government cabinet minister'stelegram requesting an appeal before theGeneral Assembly of the United Nations to stop the CommunistChina'sPeople's Liberation Army's invasion of Tibet.[1]

El Salvador also is a member of theWorld Trade Organization and is pursuing regional free trade agreements. An active participant in theSummit of the Americas process, El Salvador chairs aworking group on market access under theFree Trade Area of the Americas initiative.

El Salvador has joined its six Central American neighbors in signing the Alliance for Sustainable Development, known as the Conjunta Centroamerica-USA or CONCAUSA to promote sustainable economic development in the region.

Diplomatic relations

[edit]

List of countries which El Salvador maintains diplomatic relations with:

#CountryDate[2][3]
1HondurasUnknown
2Colombia8 March 1825[4]
3Mexico12 May 1838[5]
4Nicaragua24 July 1840[6]
5Costa Rica10 December 1845
6Guatemala21 March 1847[7]
7Peru10 June 1857[8]
8Netherlands1857
9France21 October 1859
10Chile10 April 1860
11United States15 June 1863[9]
12Spain24 June 1865
13Bolivia1865
14Italy1871
15Sweden1 October 1876
16Argentina9 April 1880[10]
17Paraguay1880
18Dominican Republic3 July 1882[11]
19United Kingdom1883
—Venezuela (suspended)[12]28 February 1884
20Ecuador29 March 1890
21Belgium1 July 1890
22Cuba11 November 1902[13]
23Brazil1906
24Panama9 March 1909[14]
—Holy See12 October 1922[15]
25Uruguay11 January 1929
26Czech Republic4 March 1930
27Japan15 February 1935
28Norway27 April 1939
29Philippines4 July 1946
30IsraelMay 1948
31Turkey21 September 1950[16]
—Sovereign Military Order of Malta1951
32Austria19 February 1952[17]
33Germany25 August 1952[18]
34Denmark18 August 1958
35  Switzerland22 August 1960[19]
36Canada29 December 1961
37South Korea28 August 1962
38Egypt1964
39Greece1965
40Portugal15 March 1966
41Finland14 April 1967
43Singapore6 October 1974
43Pakistan5 February 1979
44India12 February 1979
45Suriname1 March 1979
46Serbia14 December 1979
47Romania17 December 1979
48Belize1982[20]
49Australia5 December 1983
50Thailand24 September 1987
—Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (cancelled)1989[21]
51Jamaica30 November 1990[22]
52Luxembourg26 April 1991
53Bulgaria26 June 1991
54Hungary26 September 1991
55Poland27 September 1991
56Guyana1 May 1992[23]
57Bahamas6 May 1992
58Russia3 June 1992
59Saint Vincent and the Grenadines8 June 1992
60Saint Kitts and Nevis15 October 1992
61Grenada17 December 1992
62Antigua and Barbuda18 May 1993
63Slovakia10 March 1994
64Trinidad and Tobago11 May 1994
65Barbados19 May 1994
66Saint Lucia6 June 1995
67North Macedonia28 October 1996
68MoroccoNovember 1996[24]
69Croatia24 June 1997
70Slovenia10 November 1997
71South Africa11 November 1997
72Ivory Coast13 December 1997
73Andorra14 May 1998
74MalaysiaJune 1998
75Armenia22 March 1999
76Azerbaijan23 March 1999
77Tajikistan7 April 1999
78Ukraine14 April 1999
79Georgia17 May 1999
80Turkmenistan20 May 1999
81Bahrain7 July 1999
82Mongolia14 July 1999
83Lithuania15 October 1999
84Belarus25 October 1999
85Cyprus5 November 1999
86Kuwait9 December 1999
87Ireland13 July 2000
88Brunei28 August 2000
89Iceland25 October 2000
90Monaco14 December 2000
91Latvia11 January 2001
92Estonia12 February 2001
93Mauritius6 September 2001
94New Zealand12 November 2001
95Albania22 May 2003
96Timor-Leste23 May 2003
97Bosnia and Herzegovina25 July 2003
98Qatar24 September 2003
99Malta9 June 2004
100Algeria20 December 2006
101Jordan10 January 2007
102San Marino18 January 2007
103Tunisia14 March 2007
104United Arab Emirates15 March 2007
105Lebanon25 September 2007
106Oman14 April 2008
107Namibia5 August 2008
108Saudi Arabia27 February 2009
109Cambodia16 January 2010
110Vietnam16 January 2010
111Indonesia23 September 2011
112Tuvalu8 July 2012
113Sri Lanka10 December 2012
—State of Palestine9 May 2013
114Dominica5 June 2013
115Solomon Islands22 July 2013
116Moldova24 September 2013
117Montenegro27 September 2013
118Kazakhstan30 January 2014
—Kosovo14 October 2014
119Mali23 September 2014
120Uzbekistan3 December 2014
121Fiji30 January 2015
122Togo13 March 2015
123Kenya28 September 2015
124Senegal29 September 2015
125Mozambique29 September 2015
126Liechtenstein2015[25]
127Kyrgyzstan17 March 2016
128   Nepal21 September 2016
129Ethiopia28 October 2016
130Bangladesh7 November 2016
131Haiti6 September 2017[26]
132Maldives19 September 2017
133Marshall Islands22 September 2017
134Uganda22 September 2017
135Samoa13 April 2018
136China21 August 2018
137Angola18 September 2023[27]
138Burundi18 September 2023[27]
139Equatorial Guinea18 September 2023[27]
140Ghana18 September 2023[27]
141Rwanda18 September 2023
142Sierra Leone18 September 2023
143Benin18 October 2023
144Cape Verde15 February 2024[28]
145Zimbabwe16 February 2024
146Seychelles12 November 2024
147Djibouti6 December 2024
148Mauritania10 December 2024
149Zambia10 December 2024

Bilateral relations

[edit]

Africa

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Egypt1964[2]
  • Egypt has an interest section inSan Salvador.
  • El Salvador does not have an accreditation to Egypt.
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic31 July 1989

El Salvador recognized the SADR on July 31, 1989. In April 1997, El Salvador cancelled relations with the SADR. In June 2009, and during a visit of SADR's president,Mohamed Abdelaziz, relations were restored. On November 30, 2010, the SADR and El Salvador upgrade their relations to ambassadorial level.[29]

South Africa11 November 1997[2]
  • El Salvador is accredited to South Africa from its embassy in Tel Aviv, Israel.
  • South Africa is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.

Americas

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Argentina1940[2]SeeArgentina–El Salvador relations
Canada29 December 1961[2]SeeCanada–El Salvador relations
Cuba11 November 1902[13]

Cuba and El Salvador have resumed diplomatic relations on June 1, 2009. El Salvador previously suspended diplomatic relations with Cuba in 1961 due to the Cuban Revolution.[31]

  • Cuba has an embassy in San Salvador.
  • El Salvador has an embassy inHavana.
Dominican Republic3 July 1882[32]
  • Dominican Republic has an embassy in San Salvador.
  • El Salvador has an embassy inSanto Domingo.
Mexico1838[2]SeeEl Salvador–Mexico relations

Diplomatic relations between Mexico and El Salvador were established in 1838.

Peru1857[2]SeeEl Salvador–Peru relations
  • El Salvador has an embassy inLima.
  • Peru has an embassy in San Salvador.
United States1863[2]SeeEl Salvador–United States relations

U.S. policy towards the country promotes the strengthening of El Salvador's democratic institutions, rule of law,judicial reform, and civilian police; national reconciliation and reconstruction; and economic opportunity and growth. El Salvador has been a committed member of the coalition of nations fighting againstterrorism and has sent 10 rotations of troops to support theIraq War.Public Domain This article incorporatespublic domain material fromU.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets.United States Department of State.[35]

  • El Salvador has an embassy inWashington, D.C., and has several consulates-general scattered about the country.[36]
  • United States has an embassy in San Salvador.[37]
Uruguay11 January 1929[2]SeeEl Salvador–Uruguay relations
  • El Salvador has an embassy inMontevideo.
  • Uruguay has an embassy in San Salvador.
Venezuela28 February 1884[2]

SeeEl Salvador-Venezuela relations

In November 2019, El Salvador recognized opposition leaderJuan Guaido as the legitimatePresident of Venezuela, cutting off relations with disputed presidentNicolas Maduro's government.[38]

  • El Salvador has an embassy inCaracas.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in San Salvador.

Asia

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
China21 August 2018

SeeChina–El Salvador relations andEl Salvador–Taiwan relations

On August 21, China's State Councilor and Foreign Minister Wang Yi held talks with El Salvador Foreign Minister Carlos Castaneda and signed a joint communique on the establishment of diplomatic relations, deciding to recognize each other and establish diplomatic relations at an ambassadorial level from the date of the communique's signing. The government of the Republic of China on Taiwan has preemptively severed diplomatic ties with El Salvador.[39]

  • China has an embassy in San Salvador.
  • El Salvador has an embassy inBeijing.
India12 February 1979[2]SeeEl Salvador–India relations
  • El Salvador has an embassy inNew Delhi[40]
  • India is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Jordan10 January 2007[2]
  • El Salvador is accredited to Jordan from its embassy in Doha, Qatar.[41]
  • Jordan is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in Mexico City.
State of Palestine9 May 2013[2]SeeEl Salvador–Palestine relations

El Salvador, which is home to a sizable ethnic Palestinian community, was widely expected to join the succession of South American governments that recognised Palestine in the end of 2010.[42] In May 2011, members of the country's Legislative Assembly including its presidentSigfrido Reyes presented a proposal to the Cabinet to issue a statement formally recognising the State of Palestine.[43][44]

TheCentral American Integration System (SICA) was expected to adopt a co-ordinated position on the issue at its summit in San Salvador on 18 August.[45] However, El Salvador, as the nation presiding over the summit, refused to include the matter on the official agenda,[46] insisting that discussion should retain a regional focus.[47] Despite this, the government officially recognised the Palestinian state on 25 August 2011.[48]

  • El Salvador conducts relations with Palestine from its embassy in Tel Aviv, Israel and maintains an honorary consulate inBethlehem.[49]
  • Palestine has an embassy in San Salvador.[50]
  • See alsoPalestinian Salvadoran
Qatar24 September 2003[2]
  • El Salvador has an embassy inDoha.
  • Qatar has an embassy in San Salvador.
South Korea28 August 1962[2]

The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Korea and the Republic of El Salvador began in August 1962 and the number of the South Koreans living in El Salvador in 2013 was about 258.[51]

  • South Korea has an embassy in San Salvador.
  • El Salvador has an embassy inSeoul.
TurkeyJan. 26, 1934[52]
  • El Salvador has an embassy inAnkara.
  • Turkey has an embassy in San Salvador.
  • Trade volume between the two countries was US$17.1 million in 2019 (Salvadoran exports/imports: 2.3/14.8 million USD).[53]

Europe

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
France21 October 1859[2]SeeEl Salvador–France relations
  • El Salvador has an embassy inParis.
  • France has an embassy in San Salvador.
Kosovo14 October 2014[2]
  • El Salvador officiallyrecognised Kosovo as an independent sovereign state on 29 June 2013.[54]
  • El Salvador and Kosovo established official diplomatic relations on 18 October 2014.[55]
  • Kosovo is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in Panama City, Panamá.
Spain24 June 1865[2]SeeEl Salvador–Spain relations
United Kingdom1883SeeEl Salvador–United Kingdom relations
British Ambassodor to El SalvadorBernhard Garside withSalvadoran PresidentSalvador Sánchez Cerén in San Salvador, March 2015.

El Salvador establisheddiplomatic relations with the United Kingdom in 1883.[2][better source needed]

Both countries share common membership of theInternational Criminal Court, theWorld Trade Organization, and theCentral America–UK Association Agreement.[60] Bilaterally the two countries have an Investment Agreement.[61]

Oceania

[edit]
CountryFormal Relations BeganNotes
Australia5 December 1983[2]SeeAustralia–El Salvador relations
  • Australia is accredited to El Salvador from its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico and maintains an honorary consulate in San Salvador.
  • El Salvador has an embassy inCanberra and a consulate-general inMelbourne.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^Laird, Thomas (2006).The Story of Tibet:Conversations with His Holiness the Dalai Lama. New York: Grove Press. pp. 303–305.ISBN 9780802118271.
  2. ^abcdefghijklmnopqrst"REGISTRO DE FECHAS DE ESTABLECIMIENTO DE RD" (in Spanish). Archived fromthe original on 15 January 2025. Retrieved9 March 2022.
  3. ^"Diplomatic relations between El Salvador and ..."United Nations Digital Library. Retrieved28 January 2024.
  4. ^"El Salvador" (in Spanish). Retrieved18 May 2023.
  5. ^"El Salvador y México cumplen hoy 185 años de relaciones diplomáticas" (in Spanish). 12 May 2023. Retrieved18 May 2023.
  6. ^Coleccion de tratados del Salvador (in Spanish). Impr. del Doctor F. Sagrini. 1884. p. 294.
  7. ^"Guatemala y El Salvador conmemoran 177 años de relaciones diplomáticas".Agencia Guatemalteca de Noticias (in Spanish). 21 March 2024. Retrieved22 April 2025.
  8. ^"Las Repúblicas de El Salvador y Perú conmemoran 160 años de relaciones diplomáticas" (in Spanish). 28 July 2017. Archived fromthe original on 13 April 2020. Retrieved1 January 2023.
  9. ^"History of the U.S. and El Salvador". Retrieved18 May 2023.
  10. ^Memoria (in Spanish).Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Argentina. 1881. p. 321.
  11. ^"República Dominicana y la República de El Salvador celebran hoy 3 de julio, 140 años de amistad". 3 July 2022. Retrieved12 July 2022.
  12. ^"Lo que vimos ayer en Venezuela no tiene otro nombre más que fraude. Una "elección" donde el resultado oficial no tiene relación con la realidad. Algo evidente para cualquiera..." (in Spanish). 29 July 2024. Retrieved29 July 2024.
  13. ^ab"Presidente de El Salvador llega a Cuba para impulsar el comercio y la cooperación" (in Spanish). 28 May 2015. Retrieved3 September 2023.
  14. ^"PANAMÁ Y EL SALVADOR ANALIZAN FORTALEZAS Y DESAFIOS TRAS 113 AÑOS DE RELACIONES BILATERALES" (in Spanish). 13 June 2022. Retrieved6 September 2023.
  15. ^Acta Apostolicae Sedis(PDF) (in Latin). Vol. XIV. 1922. p. 563. Retrieved14 July 2020.Internunzio Apostolico nell'America Centrale
  16. ^"La política de apertura de Turquía hacia América Latina en el 70º aniversario de sus relaciones" (in Spanish). 16 October 2020. Retrieved16 November 2023.
  17. ^Informe de las labores desarrolladas por el poder ejecutivo en el ramo de relaciones exteriores (in Spanish). El Salvador. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores. 1951. p. 52.19 de febrero de 1952. Honorable señor doctor don Wolfgang Hoeller , Encargado de Negocios de Austria .
  18. ^"El Salvador: Steckbrief".Auswärtiges Amt (in German). Retrieved6 March 2025.
  19. ^"Ambassade de Suisse à San Salvador" (in German). Retrieved3 January 2025.
  20. ^"Diplomatic Relations"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 30 December 2017. Retrieved30 December 2016.
  21. ^"Canciller Martínez apoya solución pacífica y negociada en el Sahara Occidental" (in Spanish). Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de El Salvador. 2010-11-29. Retrieved2012-03-16.
  22. ^"Countries with which Jamaica has Established Diplomatic Relations". 16 April 2021. Archived fromthe original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved16 April 2021.
  23. ^"Countries with which Guyana has Establishment Diplomatic Relations"(PDF). Archived fromthe original(PDF) on 7 March 2016. Retrieved16 July 2016.
  24. ^"Maroc: Message de félicitations à SM le Roi du Président du Salvador à l'occasion de la Fête de l'Indépendance" (in French). 21 November 2024. Retrieved22 November 2024.
  25. ^"Landtag, Regierung und Gerichte 2015"(PDF) (in German). p. 120.
  26. ^"Haïti - Diplomatie : Accréditation de deux nouveaux ambassadeurs" (in French). 6 September 2017. Retrieved27 January 2025.
  27. ^abcd"El Salvador se abre a África" (in Spanish). 19 September 2023. Retrieved19 September 2023.
  28. ^"Cabo Verde estabelece Relações Diplomáticas com Belize e República de El Salvador" (in Portuguese). 16 February 2024. Retrieved5 March 2024.
  29. ^[1][permanent dead link]
  30. ^Government of Canada, Foreign Affairs Trade and Development Canada (9 September 2013)."Embassy of Canada to El Salvador".GAC. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  31. ^"El Salvador and Cuba reestablish diplomatic ties".Google.com. Archived fromthe original on March 15, 2011. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  32. ^"República Dominicana y la República de El Salvador celebran hoy 3 de julio, 140 años de amistad". 3 July 2022. Retrieved12 July 2022.
  33. ^"Inicio".Embamex.sre.gob.mx. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  34. ^Ministry of Foreign Affairs of El Salvador
  35. ^"El Salvador".State.gov. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  36. ^"Embajada de El Salvador en Washington D.C. - Inicio".Elsalvador.org. Archived fromthe original on 4 October 2017. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  37. ^"Embassy of the United States in San Salvador (in English and Spanish)".Sansalvador.usembassy.gov. Archived fromthe original on 14 October 2014. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  38. ^"El Salvador expels Venezuelan diplomats, recognizes Juan Guaido | DW | 03.11.2019".Deutsche Welle.
  39. ^中国与萨尔瓦多建立外交关系 [China and El Salvador establish diplomatic ties].CCTV network (in Simplified Chinese). Archived fromthe original on February 9, 2022. Retrieved2018-08-21.
  40. ^"Embajada de El Salvador en India - Inicio".Embajadaindia.rree.gob.sv. Archived fromthe original on 4 October 2017. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  41. ^"Embassy of El Salvador in Qatar". Archived fromthe original on 2019-10-30. Retrieved2019-11-12.
  42. ^Luxner, Larry (22 November 2010)."Push for Diplomatic Recognition Creates Tricky Precedents, Strange Bedfellows".The Washington Diplomat. Retrieved2011-08-01.
  43. ^Government of El Salvador (2 May 2011)."Iniciativa para reconocer a Palestina como Estado independiente". Legislative Assembly. Archived fromthe original on 2011-10-02. Retrieved2011-08-01.
  44. ^Government of El Salvador (6 May 2011)."Analizarán emitir pronunciamiento en apoyo a Palestina". Legislative Assembly. Archived fromthe original on 2011-10-02. Retrieved2011-08-01.
  45. ^Government of Honduras (2 August 2011)."Presidente Lobo Sosa pide de nuevo a empresarios tocarse el corazón" (in Spanish). Office of the President. Archived fromthe original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved2011-03-10.
  46. ^Staff writer (6 August 2011)."CARICOM-Palestine seeking CARICOM support for homeland".Caricom News Network. CSME Network News. Archived fromthe original on 2012-03-27. Retrieved2011-08-15.
  47. ^Medzini, Ronen (22 August 2011)."Central America 'battles' over PA's UN bid".Ynet News. Retrieved2011-08-27.
  48. ^Government of El Salvador (25 August 2011)."El Salvador reconoce a Palestina como Estado libre, soberano e independiente" (in Spanish). Ministry of Exterior Relations. Retrieved2011-08-26.
  49. ^"Embajada salvadoreña lleva jornada móvil de servicios consulares a Belén (in Spanish)". Archived fromthe original on 2019-02-07. Retrieved2019-02-05.
  50. ^"Ministro Castaneda recibe copias de estilo de parte del embajador del Estado de Palestina (in Spanish)". Archived fromthe original on 2019-02-07. Retrieved2019-02-05.
  51. ^"Countries and Regions > Latin America and Caribbean > List of the Countries".Mofa.go.kr. Archived fromthe original on 22 January 2014. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  52. ^"II.Bilateral Relations (Main Documents)". Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Turkey.
  53. ^"Relations between Turkey and El Salvador".
  54. ^"Arrin nota verbale nga El Salvadori". Kosovo MFA. 4 July 2013. Retrieved19 October 2014.
  55. ^"Republika e Kosovës vendos marrëdhëniet diplomatike me Republikën e El Salvadorit". Kosovo MFA. 18 October 2014. Retrieved19 October 2014.
  56. ^"Embajada de El Salvador en España - Inicio".Embajadaespana.rree.gob.sv. Archived fromthe original on 18 February 2013. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  57. ^"Páginas - Embajada de España en El Salvador".Exteriores.gob.es. Archived fromthe original on 27 October 2018. Retrieved4 October 2017.
  58. ^Diplomat Magazine (30 April 2019)."El Salvador".Diplomat Magazine.Archived from the original on 7 February 2025. Retrieved2 January 2025.
  59. ^"British Embassy San Salvador".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 11 February 2025. Retrieved24 January 2024.
  60. ^Foreign & Commonwealth Office (18 July 2019)."UK and Central America sign continuity agreement".GOV.UK.Archived from the original on 18 July 2019. Retrieved24 December 2023.
  61. ^"El Salvador - United Kingdom BIT (1999)".UN Trade and Development.Archived from the original on 1 May 2021. Retrieved13 February 2024.
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