| Lion Diesel Engine Family | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Production | 2004–present |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | 60°V6, 90°V8 |
| Displacement | 2.7 L (2,720 cc) 3.0 L (2,993 cc) 3.6 L (3,630 cc) 4.4 L (4,367 cc) |
| Cylinder bore | 81 mm (3.19 in) 84 mm (3.31 in) |
| Piston stroke | 88 mm (3.46 in) 90 mm (3.54 in) |
| Cylinder block material | Compacted graphite iron cross bolted |
| Cylinder head material | High strength aluminium |
| Valvetrain | DOHC4 valves x cyl. withVVT |
| Compression ratio | 16.4:1, 17.3:1 |
| Combustion | |
| Turbocharger | Variable geometry single ortwin-turbo with air-to-airintercooler |
| Fuel system | Common raildirect injection |
| Management | Siemens |
| Fuel type | Diesel |
| Cooling system | Water cooled |
| Output | |
| Power output | 140–225 kW (190–306 PS; 188–302 hp) |
| Torque output | 440–700 N⋅m (325–516 lbf⋅ft) |
| Dimensions | |
| Dry weight | 202 kg (445 lb) |
TheAJD/"Lion" is a family ofV6 andV8turbodiesel engines developed byFord of Europe for its then-subsidiariesJaguar andLand Rover, as well as for its then partnerPSA Group working under the Gemini joint development and production agreement. The project to develop the engines was known as "Lion" and the engines are called theAJD-V6 in Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles and theDT17/DT20 byCitroën andPeugeot.
The engines use a clean-sheet design andvariable valve timing, with the V6 and V8 sharing the same bore/stroke ratio, with the V6 version displacing 2.7 L (2,720 cc) and the V8 version displacing 3.6 L (3,630 cc). The V6 and the V8 were launched in 2004 and 2006 respectively. The V6 engine meets the Euro IV emissions standards. ADT20 3.0 L (2,993 cc) was added in 2009 and is based on theDT17 2.7 L (2,720 cc). The V6 is used across many vehicles, from theCitroën C5 andC6, to theLand Rover Discovery,Range Rover, multiple cars in the Jaguar range, and also theFord Territory and next genFord Ranger.
The engine family utilisestwin overhead camshafts andmulti-valves, single ortwin-turbochargers with an air-to-airintercooler, and innovativecompacted graphite iron (CGI) block construction that leads to a low weight of 202 kg (445 lb) dry. Fuel supply is high-pressurecommon raildirect injection.
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To improve the engine's low-speed torque range for off-roading and towing applications, the Land Rover variant utilised a large capacity single-turbocharger, rather than use the twin-turbo design; in addition the engine is fitted with a large engine driven cooling fan to support low speed, high load driving as may be encountered in desert conditions. Furthermore, the Land Rover variant of the Lion V6 includes a deeper, high capacity sump with improved baffles to maintain oil pressure at off-roading extreme angles and multi-layered seals to keep dust, mud and water at bay and different transmission bell housing bolt pattern. The Lion V6 – constructed fromcompacted graphite iron[1] – is a member of theFord Duratorq family and is produced at Ford's Dagenham engine plant; 35,000 engines were produced from April to December 2004.
The 3.0-litre design, known as the Gen III, superseded the 2.7-litre, and uses turbochargers on a series-sequential system and has an uprated common rail injection system incorporating fuel injectors with piezo crystals fitted nearer to the tip to reduce engine noise and a metering mode to reduce oversupplying fuel, decreasingfuel consumption and unused fuel temperature over the 2.7-litre model.The sequential turbocharger system utilizes the smaller of the two turbos when the engine is running at low revolutions; once the engine has reached 2,800 rpm, the larger turbocharger is also used to pressurize the intake.
Jaguar tested fitting the engine to itsXK model but didn't carry the project over to production.
The 3.0-litre variants used by Land Rover feature the 2.7-litre's off-roading adaptations plus calibration of the engine's electronics to allow the use of low-quality fuels.
60-degree V6 engine, single- and twin-turbo diesel, 2.7 L (2,720 cc; 166.0 cu in), bore x stroke 81 mm × 88 mm (3.19 in × 3.46 in), compression ratio 17.3:1
Compacted graphite iron cross bolted block
High strength aluminium, DOHC with four valves per cylinder
Single turbocharger or twin-turbochargers with air-to-air intercooler, electronically actuated variable geometry with transient over-boost capability, port deactivation system
Siemens Common rail (CR) direct diesel injection, maximum injection pressure of 1,650 bars (23,900 psi), piezo injectors
60-degree V6 engine, twin-turbo diesel, 3.0 L (2,993 cc; 182.6 cu in), bore x stroke 84 mm × 90 mm (3.31 in × 3.54 in), compression ratio 16.4:1
Compacted graphite iron cross bolted block
High strength aluminium, DOHC with 4 valves per cylinder
Twin-turbochargers with air-to-air intercooler, electronically actuated variable geometry with transient over-boost capability, port deactivation system
Bosch Common rail (CR) direct diesel injection, utilising a Bosch EDC17CP11 engine management control unit and maximum injection pressure of 2,000 bars (29,000 psi), piezo injectors
Built at Ford's Dagenham engine plant in Essex, the 3.6-litre V8 twin-turbo diesel engine began production in April 2006. The 4.4 L variant is built in Ford'sChihuahua Engine plant inMexico.
Much speculation in the United States was focused on this engine as a possible Diesel entrant in theF-150 pickup truck andExpedition SUV.[2] It was announced that the new F-150 engine was to be based on this engine and enlarged to 4.4 L, but that program was later cancelled. TheCleveland Engine plant recently began small-scale production of the exoticcompacted graphite iron (CGI) used in the block's construction, leading many to expect production of the engine there. Ultimately, Ford went with the 3.0 L Lion V6 modified for US truck use, utilising a single turbocharger.
90-degreeV8 engine, twin-turbo diesel, 3.6 L (3,630 cc; 221.5 cu in), bore x stroke 81 mm × 88 mm (3.19 in × 3.46 in), compression ratio 17.3:1
Compacted graphite iron cross bolted block
High strength aluminium, DOHC with 4 valves per cylinder
Twin-turbochargers with air-to-air intercooler, electronically actuated variable geometry with transient over-boost capability, maximum boost pressure of 1.6 bars (23 psi), piezo injectors
Media related toFord AJ-V6D/PSA DT17 engine at Wikimedia Commons