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Fokker Spin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fokker Spin
Fokker in his Spin
General information
TypeExperimental Aircraft
ManufacturerFokker
Designer
Number built25
History
First flight1910

TheFokkerSpin was the firstairplane built by Dutch aviation pioneerAnthony Fokker. The many bracing wires used to strengthen the aircraft made it resemble a giant spider, hence its nameSpin, Dutch for "spider".[1]

History

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Fokker built theSpin in1910 while he was a student inGermany, assisted by Jacob Goedecker and a business partner, Franz von Daum, who procured the engine. The aircraft started out as an experimental design to provide Fokker with a means to explore his interest in flying. The firstSpin was destroyed when Von Daum flew it into a tree, but the engine was still salvageable and was used to build the second version.[1] This was built soon afterwards and was used by Fokker to teach himself to fly and to obtain hispilot license. This aircraft was also irreparably damaged by Von Daum.[2]

In hisSpin, Fokker flies around theGrote Kerk in Haarlem on 1 September 1911

In Fokker's third model, he gained fame in his home country of theNetherlands by flying around the tower of theGrote or St.-Bavokerk, a church in his hometownHaarlem, on 1 September 1911.[3] After this success he founded anaircraft factory and flying school nearBerlin. There, the M.1 through M.4 were developed for the German Army, based on theSpin.

The M.1 was a two-seatmonoplane built in small numbers as the M.3. It was first flown in 1911 and by 1913 had been transferred to military flying schools. The M.2 was a true military version of theSpin. The airplane had a 75 kW (100 hp) Argus or Mercedes engine and was capable of 97 km/h (60 mph). The ten M.2s ordered for 299,880 Marks included 10 Daimler trucks to move the aircraft with the Army, per plans of the German General Staff at the time. The M.2 was a much refined aircraft with a streamlined fuselage, first flown in 1912. The M.4 was developed from the M.3, and included a nose wheel. It did not gain further sales.

From 1912 to 1913, a total of 25 FokkerSpin-aircraft were built (including a few two-seat variants), used mostly for pilot training.[4]

One of the lastSpins was brought by Fokker to the Netherlands afterWorld War I. It was incomplete and rebuilt in the early 1920s. DuringWorld War II, the plane was taken to an aviation museum in Berlin as a war trophy by the Germans occupying the Netherlands. After the war it was brought toPoland. Not until 1986 was it returned to the Netherlands where it was restored. A second survivingSpin was built byFokker personnel in1936 to commemorate the twenty-fifth anniversary of Anthony Fokker's first flight. Both of these planes are preserved at theAviodrome aviation museum atLelystad Airport, the Netherlands.

Construction

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The fuselage simply consists of two wooden beams with cross members on which the pilot is seated and on which anArgus four-cylinder water-cooled engine is mounted in the front. The radiators are placed on the side of the fuselage. The wings and tail consist of two steel tubes withbamboo ribs. The landing gear is also constructed of steel tubing. The whole structure is held together with steel wire. Later versions have a more streamlined fuselage.

Specifications (M.2)

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Fokker Spin, 3rd model

Data from Die deutschen Militärflugzeuge 1919-1934 : mit 143 Vierseitenrissen im Massstab 1:144[5]

General characteristics

  • Crew: 1
  • Length: 8.25 m (27 ft 1 in)
  • Wingspan: 13.2 m (43 ft 4 in)
  • Height: 2.97 m (9 ft 9 in)
  • Empty weight: 374 kg (825 lb)
  • Gross weight: 574 kg (1,265 lb)
  • Fuel capacity: Fuel and oil 40 kg (88 lb)
  • Powerplant: 1 ×Argus As I 4-cylinder water-cooled in-line piston engine, 75 kW (100 hp)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 100 km/h (62 mph, 54 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 90 km/h (56 mph, 49 kn)
  • Range: 120 km (75 mi, 65 nmi)

References

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  1. ^ab"Fokker Spin (Spider) 1: A first experiment..."dutch-aviation.nl. Retrieved14 January 2007.
  2. ^"Fokker Spin (Spider) 2: Improved version".dutch-aviation.nl. Retrieved14 January 2007.
  3. ^JAC. C. M. Jr. (2 September 1911)."Fokker vliegt over den St. Bavo" [Fokker flies over the St. Bavo].Haarlem's Dagblad (in Dutch). Haarlem. p. 1.Gistermiddag laat is 't gebeurd!
  4. ^"Fokker Spin (Spider) 3: A first production model".dutch-aviation.nl. Retrieved14 January 2007.
  5. ^Kroschel, Gunter; Stützer, Helmut (1994).Die deutschen Militärflugzeuge 1919-1934 : mit 143 Vierseitenrissen im Massstab 1:144 (in German) (Lizenzausg ed.). Augsberg: Weltbild. p. 119.ISBN 3893506934.

Further reading

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  • Herris, Jack (2020).Fokker Aircraft of WWI: Volume 1: Spinne–M.10 & Watercraft: A Centennial Perspective on Great War Airplanes. Great War Aviation Centennial Series. Vol. 51. n.p.: Aeronaut Books.ISBN 978-1-953201-05-8.
  • Leaman, Paul (2001).Fokker Aircraft of World War One. Marlborough, UK: Crowood Press.ISBN 1-86126-353-8.

External links

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Media related toFokker Spin at Wikimedia Commons

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