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| Company type | Public |
|---|---|
| Industry | Role-playing game publisher,Play-by-mail game moderator |
| Founded | January 1970; 55 years ago (1970-01)[1] |
| Headquarters | Scottsdale, Arizona |
Key people | Rick Loomis,Steve MacGregor, John Ward (Webbed Sphere CEO) |
| Products | Tunnels & Trolls,Nuclear War |
| Website | www |
Flying Buffalo Inc. (FBI) is a game company with a line ofrole playing games,card games, and other gaming materials. The company's founder,Rick Loomis, began game publishing withNuclear Destruction, aplay-by-mail game which started the professional PBM industry in the United States. Loomis added games and players while introducingcomputer moderation and soon incorporated into the company Flying Buffalo Inc. The company published games in other genres, including card games such asNuclear War and a role playing game calledTunnels & Trolls, a game similar toDungeons & Dragons. Flying Buffalo acquired its 10,000th customer account number in 1980 and reached its largest size of 21 employees in 1983.
In July 2021,Webbed Sphere bought Flying Buffalo with plans to incorporate Flying Buffalo's products. The PBM games were not included in the sale and were continued by a separate company called Rick Loomis PBM Games.
Flying Buffalo Inc. was founded in January 1970.[2] That year,Rick Loomis invented a game calledNuclear Destruction, aplay-by-mail game, for which he moderated multiplayer games.[3]: 34 Nuclear Destruction started the professional PBM industry.[4] He soon had more than 200 players involved across multiple games, and asked fellow soldierSteve MacGregor to write a computer program to help moderate the games; they started renting time on a computer nearFort Shafter, using the name Flying Buffalo devised by Loomis.[3]: 34 [5]
Loomis published the first issue of his bi-monthly magazine in September 1971—one two-sided page.[6][a] Initially calledThe Flying Buffalo's Favorite Magazine, Loomis eventually renamed it toFlying Buffalo Quarterly.[7]
After leaving the military in 1972, Rick Loomis incorporated his PBM company as Flying Buffalo, Inc., or FBI.[3]: 34 Loomis used his savings to purchase aRaytheon 704 minicomputer to run turns for the PBM games.[3]: 35 According to Loomis in 1971, the computer cost $15,000 and had "4000 words of memory ... ateletypewriter, and apaper [tape] reader/punch".[8]
Also in 1972, Loomis acquired and publishedNuclear War; it soon became one of Flying Buffalo's best sellers.[3]: 35 In 1975 they publishedTunnels & Trolls, a fantasy role playing game generally similar toDungeons & Dragons, andViva!: Revolution in Mexico, a board wargame. Later products included background materials for fantasy role playing games, which became the "Catalyst" series. In 1976 the company started running a space exploration/conquest PBM game titledStarweb. In 1978 they purchased aboard wargame titledSchutztruppe from game designer Jim Bumpas.[9] Also in 1978 the company began publishingSorcerer's Apprentice.[10] The company's gross sales in 1978 was $125,000 with expenses at $130,000.[11][b] 1979 brought some additional changes. Flying Buffalo's Vice President, Dave Slight, died, slowing PBM operations. The company purchased another Raytheon computer from a local doctor's office, which promised to speed printing by an order of magnitude (although it initially was missing some key required equipment).[11]
In 1980, the company stated that it had more than 3,000 players worldwide.[12] The staff reached its largest size of over 21 employees in 1983.[13]: 2529 The company also ran a gaming store at various locations inTempe, Arizona until 1985. In 1985, Flying Buffalo reached a milestone, assigning its 10,000th account number.[14] The company noted that, although account No. 1 went to its founder, Rick Loomis, account No. 10,000 went to a customer from Athens, Alabama.[14]
In 1992, the fiction bookMage's Blood and Old Bones: A Tunnels & Trolls Shared World Anthology was published by Flying Buffalo.[15] Following the dissolution ofTSR in 1997, Flying Buffalo remains the oldest pen-and-paper role-playing game publisher in the world.[13]: 115
In July 2021,Webbed Sphere purchased Flying Buffalo Inc. with plans for Flying Buffalo to join its existing product lines.[16] The PBM games were not included in the sale and a separate company, Rick Loomis PBM Games, continues to run nine PBM games originally published by Flying Buffalo, includingHeroic Fantasy,Nuclear Destruction,Starweb, and others.[17]
Flying Buffalo noted in their 14-years history to 1985, some of their PBM games had been run hundreds of times each, including over 870 games ofStarweb, 930 ofBattle Plan, and 720 ofNuclear Destruction.[14] The company was also up to No. 50 in its print run ofFlying Buffalo Quarterly, its company magazine.[14][c] The company published various play-by-mail games.[19]
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The company produced a range of unusual dice such asRunedice, as well as a set to determine which toppings to order on pizza, and currently hold the printing rights to theAce of Aces andLost Worlds flip book systems.[citation needed]
The company also produced a beta version of a video game calledBuffalo Tales.[20]
Various Flying Buffalo games have won awards.[21]
TheOrigins Hall of Fame award is given to game designers who have the best contributions of their field. Multiple Flying Buffalo writers and designers have won this award.
