Theflag and coat of arms of Johor are the official state symbols ofJohor, which has been astate ofMalaysia since 1963. As with other Malaysian states with Malay royalty, Johor's symbols reflect the influence of its royal institution, as well as elements ofIslam and the state's political and natural heritage. Many of these symbols, including the present flag and coat of arms, predate modern Malaysia. They were already in use when Johor functioned as a more sovereign kingdom, and continued after the state came under the indirect control of theUnited Kingdom in 1885 and later a part of the BritishUnfederated Malay States.
 | |
| Use | Civil andstate flag  |
|---|---|
| Proportion | 1:2 |
| Adopted | 1871 |
| Design | Navy blue with a bright red field on the upper left canton, containing a white crescent and five-pointed star |
Johor's state flag bears acanton pattern, a predominantlynavy blue design with a bright redfield on the upper leftcanton (quarter), which contains a whitecrescent and a white five-pointed star.[1] Running slightly less than half the length of the flag, the field unconventionally occupies roughly three fifths of the flag'shoist. In addition, the crescent is not aligned upright, tilting to the right towards the lowerfly end and wrapping slightly around the star, which is positioned towards the lower right corner of the field.[1]
The flag in general attempts to symbolise Johor as a whole. The navy blue, which occupies roughly three quarters of the flag, represents the universe,[1] or the state government.[2] The red represents the warriors that defend the state, while the white crescent and white star denoteIslam and Johor's sovereign ruler, respectively.[1][2]
The vast majority of flags in use or formerly used by officials and government branches in the state borrow elements of the state flag, some of which are merely recolours. With the introduction of a unified state flag, many of them became obsolete, with the exception of the Royal Standards.
A series ofRoyal Standards are flown by theSultan of Johor and his family, which lower-ranking members are assigned specific Standards. In addition, standards were also adopted for traditional high-ranking officials, including thebendahara, theTemenggung and the Sultan's Marshall.[1][3]
The Standards are typically plain flags with a star (of varying numbers of points) and crescent, withtruncating triangles placed on each corner of the flag; only the Standards of the Sultan and the Crown Prince are depicted without the truncations. In addition, each flag, with the exception of the Sultan's Enquerries, are coloured in only two colours, including white, blue, red and yellow. The number of points on the star also determines the rank of the Standard holder: The Sultan's Standard depicts a nine-pointed star, while the Standard for other members of the royal family depicts a five-pointed star.
The series of Standards include:[3][4]
As of 1939, flags were flown by numerous state officials in Johor, including the governing heads of state or district. The vast majority of flag consist of only a plain coloured flag with a five-pointed star and crescent similar to that from the state flag, with some divided diagonallya laparty per bend. They include:[5]
In addition,pennants were known to be flown, illustrated as a triangular flag containing the same five pointed star and crescent. The "State Officials' Pennant" was coloured blue with a white star and crescent, while another variant of unknown use was coloured yellow with a blue star and crescent.[8]
Johor has tenadministrative districts (daerah), each assigned their own district-level flags.[9] They were introduced on 3 March 2015.
| District | Flag | Banner | Field colour | Symbolisation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Johor Bahru |  | .svg) | Red White Blue | A red-blue per bend divided flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. |
| Kulai |  | .svg) | Red White Blue | An orthogonally quartered flag with the first and fourth quarters coloured red, and the second and third quarters coloured blue with white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. |
| Pontian |  | .svg) | Red White Blue | A red-blue horizontally divided flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. |
| Batu Pahat | | .svg) | Red White Black | A red-black per bend divided flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. |
| Muar | | .svg) | Red White Black Yellow | An orthogonally quartered flag with the first quarter coloured red with a white five-pointed star and crescent, the second and third quarters coloured black, and the fourth quarter coloured yellow with a red five-pointed star and crescent. |
| Tangkak |  | .svg) | Red White Blue | A blue triangle on a red field flag with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. The triangle symboliseMount Ledang, a highest mountain in Johor. |
| Segamat | | .svg) | Red White Yellow | A red-white per bend divided flag with a yellow five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. |
| Kluang |  | .svg) | Red White Blue | A blue field with a red diagonal band from the lower hoist side to the upper fly side with a white five-pointed star and crescent in the centre. |
| Mersing |  | .svg) | Red White Blue | Two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and blue with a red isosceles triangle based on the hoist side with a white five-pointed star and crescent at the hoist. The white at an upper field symboliseSouth China Sea. |
| Kota Tinggi |  | .svg) | Red White Blue | A diagonal tricolour of red, white and blue radiating from the lower hoist side corner with white five-pointed star and crescent at the upper hoist side. The white at a centre field symboliseJohor River where the oldSultanate of Johor was established here on 1528. |
| City | Flag | Field colour | Symbolisation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Johor Bahru City |  | Red White Blue | Three equal horizontal bands of red, white and blue, with a yellow crescent and star in the middle of the white band similar to flag ofLabuan. The City Flag was adopted when Johor Bahru became a City on 1 January 1994. According to official sources of the city's local authority, the yellow crescent and star represents Islam as the city's official religion, red represents the city's prosperity and progress, blue represents the city council's role in servicing and developing the city and white represents harmony and unity of the city's populace.[10][11] |
The Johorean flag is known to date back as early as the 1850s, when a flag that consisted of a simple black flag with a white canton shaped as a square was flown by the Sultanate between 1855 and 1865. The design was also adopted byTrumong, in present-dayIndonesia.[1][12][13]
.svg)
.svg)
| Coat of arms of Johor | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Armiger | Johor |
| Adopted | 1892 (latest version) |
| Crest | The Royal Crown of Johor proper |
| Shield | Argent, a crescent and a mullet between four smaller mullets |
| Supporters | Two tigers rampant proper |
| Compartment | Mirrored flora Or |
| Motto | کفد الله برسراه (Kepada Allah Berserah) 'To Allah We Surrender' or 'Unto God Resigned' in Jawi Script |
Johor's coat of arms (Malay:Jata Johor) derives its layout heavily from Westernheraldry, consisting of a centralshield topped by acrown, sided by twosupporters, and includes acompartment andmotto at the bottom. Details of the arms' elements are:
There were two versions of Johor State Arms prior to the current one adopted in 1892. The first one adopted in 1858 consisted of the Royal Crown, an oval shield featuring a crescent and star and pepper and gambier branches. The second one adopted in 1888 feature three asterisks orCloves (Bunga Cengkih) surrounding a crescent and star on a white shield.
All 16 local governments in Johor have their own emblem, which evolved in design throughout history. Each design may reflect a municipality's identities and or the roles and responsibilities of its local authority. Since 2018, two elements of the state coat of arms – the two rampant tigers and the royal crown of Johor have been incorporated by the state government, and become the common features of all the state's local government emblems to reflect the state's rapid economic development; although slightly differ in appearance. This results in emblems that look almost similar in style to the State Coat of Arms.[14]
| Emblem | Municipality | Local government | Other notable element(s) | Motto(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 | Batu Pahat | Batu Pahat Municipal Council |
| Majlis Perbandaran Batu Pahat (Batu Pahat Municipal Council) Maju dan Sejahtera (Progress and Prosper) |
| Iskandar Puteri | Iskandar Puteri City Council |
| Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri (Iskandar Puteri City Council) | |
 | Johor Bahru | Johor Bahru City Council |
| Berkhidmat, Berbudaya, Berwawasan (Service, Cultured, Visionary) Bandaraya Johor Bahru (City of Johor Bahru) |
| Kluang | Kluang Municipal Council |
| Maju Sejahtera (Progress, Prosper) Majlis Perbandaran Kluang (Kluang Municipal Council) | |
| Kota Tinggi | Kota Tinggi District Council |
| 1528 (Year of the Foundation ofJohor Sultanate at Pekan Tua) Harmoni Berbudaya (Harmonious, Cultural) Majlis Daerah Kota Tinggi (Kota Tinggi District Council) | |
 | Kulai | Kulai Municipal Council |
| 2004 (Year of establishment of the Municipal Council) Majlis Perbandaran Kulai (Kulai Municipal Council) |
| Labis | Labis District Council |
| Majlis Daerah Labis (Labis District Council) Berkhidmat untuk Rakyat (Serve the People) | |
| Mersing | Mersing District Council |
| MDM (Acronym for Mersing District Council) Perkhidmatan Untuk Rakyat (Service for the People) | |
| Muar | Muar Municipal Council |
| Kepada Allah Berserah (State motto in Jawi script) Majlis Perbandaran Muar (Muar Municipal Council) | |
 | Pasir Gudang | Pasir Gudang City Council |
| Majlis Bandaraya Pasir Gudang (Pasir Gudang City Council) |
| Pengerang | Pengerang Municipal Council |
| Majlis Perbandaran Pengerang (Pengerang Municipal Council) | |
| Pontian | Pontian Municipal Council |
| 1976 (Year of establishment of the District Council) Majlis Perbandaran Pontian (Pontian Municipal Council) Setia Khidmat (Faithfully We Serve) | |
 | Segamat | Segamat Municipal Council |
| Khidmat Untuk Rakyat (Serve the People) Majlis Perbandaran Segamat (Segamat Municipal Council) |
| Simpang Renggam | Simpang Renggam District Council |
| Usaha Maju Jaya (Effort Progress Success) Majlis Daerah Simpang Renggam (Simpang Renggam District Council) | |
| Tangkak | Tangkak District Council |
| Berusaha Untuk Makmur (Strive To Prosper) Majlis Daerah Tangkak (Tangkak District Council) | |
| Yong Peng | Yong Peng District Council |
| Majlis Daerah Yong Peng (Yong Peng District Council) |
| |||||||||||||||
| General topics |
|  | |||||||||||||
| Administrative divisions |
| ||||||||||||||
| City councils (Majlis Bandaraya) |
| ||||||||||||||
| Municipal councils (Majlis Perbandaran) |
| ||||||||||||||
| District councils (Majlis Daerah) |
| ||||||||||||||
