Fladungen | |
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 Fladungen seen from the east | |
 Coat of arms | |
Location of Fladungen within Rhön-Grabfeld district  | |
 Location of Fladungen | |
  Fladungen  Fladungen | |
| Coordinates:50°31′16″N10°8′43″E / 50.52111°N 10.14528°E /50.52111; 10.14528 | |
| Country | Germany |
| State | Bavaria |
| Admin. region | Unterfranken |
| District | Rhön-Grabfeld |
| Municipal assoc. | Fladungen |
| Subdivisions | 7Stadtteile |
| Government | |
| • Mayor(2020–26) | Michael Schnupp[1] |
| Area | |
• Total | 46.34 km2 (17.89 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 414 m (1,358 ft) |
| Population (2023-12-31)[2] | |
• Total | 2,190 |
| • Density | 47.3/km2 (122/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| Postal codes | 97650 |
| Dialling codes | 09778 |
| Vehicle registration | NES |
| Website | www.fladungen.de |
Fladungen (German pronunciation:[ˈflaːdʊŋən]ⓘ) is a town in theRhön-Grabfeld district, inBavaria,Germany. It is situated in theRhön Mountains, 11 km northwest ofOstheim, 20 km west ofMeiningen, and 33 km east ofFulda. It is the northernmost town in Bavaria, borderingHesse to the northwest andThuringia to the northeast.
Fladungen lies at the southern edge of theRhön Mountains, and theRhön Biosphere Reserve begins a few kilometers outside of town. It is at the head of the riverStreu, which flows southeast through it to join theFranconian Saale nearBad Neustadt. The region around the town is popular for hiking and cycling, especially in the summer and early autumn.
The town is a service center for the surrounding agricultural region. There are also some small industries, including a cement factory and abiogas plant. The 2021 population was estimated at 2,200.
Fladungen first appears in a public record in 789 AD; the town was granted "Stadtrechte" (city rights) byLouis IV, Holy Roman Emperor, in 1335. From the 16th century onwards it was part of thePrince-Bishopric of Würzburg; the town coat of arms still shows the figure of a bishop with a sword andcrozier, symbolizing the Prince-Bishop's combination of religious and secular power. The region around Fladungen was religiously contested during theReformation, theCounter-Reformation and theThirty Years War, but ultimately the town became predominantly Catholic, and remains so today.
Fladungen became part of the Kingdom of Bavaria after theTreaty of Paris in 1814. From the 18th to the mid-20th century, Fladungen was the primary market town for the Franconian Rhön, a relatively rural and underpopulated region whose economy was dominated by agriculture, sheep-herding and timber. During theCold War, the border withEast Germany ran through the hills around Fladungen, and the town was cut off from much of its traditional hinterland. (A portion of the old border fence has been preserved as a memorial in the Rhön-Biosphere park, a few kilometers north of the town.)
The municipal elections in Bavaria in March 2020 led to the following composition of the city council:[3]
Fladungen is noted for the "Freilandmuseum", an open-air museum of historical houses that includes more than a dozen farmhouses as well as a church and a mill. The town hall is unusually large; it was built by Michael Kaut, architect of theMarienberg Fortress inWürzburg, in 1628. The town hall was renovated in 2012-13 and includes a "Museum of the Rhön". Also noteworthy are the Maulaffenturm, a medieval tower that served for centuries as the local jail; the town walls, dating back to the 14th century and renovated repeatedly, most recently in the 1970s; and the Gangolfskapelle, a 16th-century chapel with an adjacent early 20th century-grotto atop a hill (the "Kapellenberg") 1 km outside the town center. Much of the town was destroyed by fire in the 17th century, but the town center includes many half-timbered buildings dating from the late 17th and 18th centuries.
A steam-powered train, the "Rhön-Zügle", runs from Fladungen toMellrichstadt on alternate Sundays from May to October.
The town has a public swimming pool and its own football club. There is a kindergarten and a school for grades 1-4. Regular bus services connect Fladungen to the nearby towns ofOstheim,Mellrichstadt andBad Neustadt. There is a hotel with a conference center, along with more than twenty smaller inns and guest houses.
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