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Timeline of first images of Earth from space

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(Redirected fromFirst image of Earth)

Photography and other imagery of planetEarth fromouter space[a] started in the 1940s, first fromrockets insuborbital flight, subsequently fromsatellites around Earth, and then fromspacecraft beyond Earth's orbit.

Timeline

[edit]
ImageDateCraft or missionEvent


October 24, 1946V-2First images of Earth from outer space,[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] flight monitoring continuous imaging, resulting in atimelapse-movie reel. Not published asEarth observation images until 1950.[9] Taken by theV-2 No. 13suborbital spaceflight, the eighth successful US spaceflight andone of the first over-all.
March 7, 1947First dedicated and first published Earth observation images from outer space, first published on March 25, 1947.[9][10][11][12]
July 26, 1948First prepared wide-angle panorama of Earth from outer space (the 1946 flight did already record a panorama swing).[citation needed]
October 5, 1954Aerobee AJ10-24

RTV-N-10b

The first color image from space as part in the left corner of this first color photomosaic of Earth from space,[13] composed of 117 images taken from an altitude of 100 miles (160 km).[14][15]
[image needed]February–March 1959Vanguard 2First attempt of a scanner, in which a singlephotocell mounted at the focus of telescope would scan Earth due to the satellite movement; resulting images were poor.[16]
August 14, 1959Explorer 6First image of Earth fromorbit, showing a sunlit area of the Central Pacific Ocean and its cloud cover.[17][18][19][20]
[image needed]1959Explorer 7The first "coarse maps of the solar radiation reflected by the Earth and the infrared radiation emitted by the Earth", from a mission launched on October 13, 1959.[21]
1960TIROS-1First television image of Earth from space and firstweather satellite picture.[22]
August 18, 1960CORONA"First space-based Earth observation system";[23] its first successful mission wasDiscoverer 14 on 19 August 1960 with the recovery ofphotographic film from an orbiting satellite.[23][24]
External image
image icon[1]
[image needed]
August 6, 1961Vostok 2First image, color images and movie of Earth from space taken by a person, by cosmonautGherman Titov – the first photographer from space.[25][26]
Dmiddeclass2senegalafrica1963KH-7 GambitFirst high-resolution (sub-meterspatial resolution) satellite photography (classified).[27]
1964QuillFirstradar images of Earth from space, using asynthetic aperture radar (SAR).[28] This shows part ofRichmond, Virginia.
March 18, 1965Voskhod 2First image and movie of Earth with a human (Alexei Leonov) floating in space (the first everEVA).[29]
External image
image icon[2]
[image needed]|
March 18, 1965Voskhod 2First drawing of Earth from space andart made in space (by Leonov, the first artist in space).[30]
External image
image icon[3]
[image needed]
May 30, 1966Molniya 1–3First full-disk pictures of the Earth, published inReview of Popular Astronomy July–August.[31][20]
August 23, 1966Lunar Orbiter 1First image of Earth from anotherastronomical object (the Moon) and first picture of both Earth and the Moon from space.[32][33][34][7][19] The image (frame 1102; image 102 of Lunar Orbiter 1) consists of three parts h1-h3.[35] Since its original publication its raw analog data has been used to digitally produce the image (includingits wide angle version) in higher resolution (see) and clarity (see).[36]
December 11, 1966ATS-1First picture of both Earth and the Moon from the Earth's orbit.[37]
First full-disk pictures of the Earth from ageostationary orbit.[37]
[image needed]January 1967First movie of Earth from space made without a humancamera operator (contrast to Titov's 1961 movie).[37]
April 24, 1967[38]Surveyor 3First images showing both sunset and sunrise over Earth at the same time, taken from the Moon's surface during asolar eclipse caused by Earth (rather than the Moon).[39][40]
April 30, 1967First color image of Earth from the surface of another astronomical object, from the Moon's surface.[41]
September 20, 1967 (released November 10th)[42]DODGEFirst full-disk black-and-white filtered[42] color picture of the Earth.[6]
November 10, 1967ATS-3First full-disk "true color"[43] picture of the Earth;[44] subsequently used on the cover of the firstWhole Earth Catalog.[45][44]
External image
image icon13 X 18 cm image
September 14, 1968Zond-5Black-and-white image of a half-disk of the Earth withAfrica andArabian Peninsula clearly visible.[46][47] The images were taken approximately 90,000 km away from Earth. They were taken on the film camera with 400mm focal length.
December 21, 1968 (December solstice)Apollo 8First full-disk image of Earth from space taken by a person (astronautWilliam Anders).[48]
December 24, 1968The first photograph of Earth taken by a person (William Anders)[49] from another astronomical object (the Moon).[50][51] For a colorized version seethis image.
TheEarthrise image is the first color image of Earth by a person (William Anders) from the moon,[33][6][19] moments after his black-and-white photograph.
July 21, 1969Apollo 11The much reproduced full frame image AS11-40-5903 of Buzz Aldrin; happens to be the first indirect image of Earth taken by a person from the surface of another astronomical object (from the Moon), having by accident in his visor a reflection of Earth.[52]
First direct image of Earth taken by a person from the surface of another astronomical object (from the Moon), (AS11-40-5923).[20][53]
November 24, 1969Apollo 12First images (black-and-white and 16mm color film) of a solar eclipse with the Earth, taken by a human, when the Apollo 12 spacecraft aligned its view of the Sun with the Earth.[54][55]
December 7, 1972Apollo 17First fully illuminated color image of the Earth by a person (AS17-148-22725).[56] This photo was taken just before another picture was taken with the same perspective, which cropped and processed became the widely usedBlue Marble picture (AS17-148-22727).[57][58]
July–September 1973Skylab 3Early color image of an aurora by a human from space.[59][60]
November 1973 (components) / 1999 (composition)Mariner 10Mariner took the first high resolution digital color images of Earth from heliocentric orbit in interplanetary space at 2.6 million kilometers, as in this mosaic and composite size comparison image of Earth and the Moon produced in 1999 with images from Mariner 10.[61]
[image needed]1977KH-11First real-time satellite imagery.[62]
September 18, 1977Voyager 1First full-disk picture and first single frame picture of Earth and the Moon together.[37]
February 14, 1990ThePale Blue Dot is the first image of Earth from beyond all of the other Solar System planets. It is part of the first picture of the full extent of theplanetary system, known as theFamily Portrait.[19][63]

December 11, 1990GalileoFirst interplanetary fly-by image of Earth during the second everEarth fly-by,[64] which is also the first frame of the first movie of a full rotation of Earth.[65]
External image
image icon[4]
[image needed]
October 13, 1999IKONOSFirst commercial high-resolution (sub-meter) satellite photography (non-classified); it made the cover ofThe New York Times.[66]
May 8, 2003 13:00UTCMars Global SurveyorFirst image of Earth (and the Moon) from another planet (in orbit aroundMars);[67] notice South America is visible.[33][6]
March 11, 2004Spirit Mars Exploration roverFirst image taken of Earth from the surface of Mars and any celestial body other than the Moon.
July 27, 2006Cassini–HuygensThePale Blue Orb is the first image of Earth fromSaturn.[68]

August 9, 2021Parker Solar ProbeImage and video of Earth from within the outersolar corona, taken during the second time that any probe has ever reached the corona.[69]
September 5, 2024CuriosityFirst image of Earth withPhobos (from the surface of Mars).[70]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^Within the context of this timeline, outer space is considered as starting at theKármán line, 100 kilometres (62 miles)above mean sea level (AMSL).

References

[edit]
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