I Viola (The Purples / The Violets) I Gigliati (The Lilies)
Founded
29 August 1926; 98 years ago (29 August 1926), asAssociazione Calcio Fiorentina 1 August 2002; 22 years ago (1 August 2002), asFlorentia Viola thenACF Fiorentina
The performance of Fiorentina in the Italian football league structure since the first season of a unified Serie A (1929–30)
ACF Fiorentina,[1][2] commonly referred to asFiorentina (pronounced[fjorenˈtiːna]), is an Italian professionalfootballclub based inFlorence,Tuscany. The original team was founded by a merger in August 1926, while the current club was refounded in August 2002 following bankruptcy. Fiorentina have played at the top level of Italian football for the majority of their existence; only four clubs have played in moreSerie A seasons.
Fiorentina is one of fifteen European teams that have played in the finals of all three majorcontinental competitions (the European Cup/Champions League, the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup and the UEFA Cup/Europa League) and in 2023, by reaching the Europa Conference League final, Fiorentina became the first team to reach all four major European club competition finals (excluding the one-off match of the UEFA Super Cup).
Since 1931, the club have played at theStadio Artemio Franchi, which currently has a capacity of 43,147. The stadium has used several names over the years and has undergone several renovations. Fiorentina are known widely by the nicknameViola, a reference to their distinctive purple colours.[4]
After a rough start and three seasons in lower leagues, Fiorentina reachedSerie A in 1931. That same year saw the opening of the new stadium, originally named afterGiovanni Berta, a prominent fascist, but now known asStadio Artemio Franchi. At the time, the stadium was a masterpiece of engineering, and its inauguration was monumental. To be able to compete with the best teams in Italy, Fiorentina strengthened their team with some new players, notably the UruguayanPedro Petrone, nicknamedel Artillero. Despite enjoying a good season and finishing in fourth place, Fiorentina were relegated the following year, although they would return quickly toSerie A. In 1941, they won their firstCoppa Italia, but the team were unable to build on their success during the 1940s due to World War II and other troubles.
The first Italian champion Fiorentina, 1955–56 season
In 1950, Fiorentina started to achieve consistent top-five finishes in the domestic league. The team consisted of players such as well-known goalkeeperGiuliano Sarti,Sergio Cervato, Francesco Rosella,Guido Gratton,Giuseppe Chiappella, Aldo Scaramucci, BrazilianJulinho, and ArgentinianMiguel Montuori. This team won Fiorentina's firstscudetto (Italian championship) in1955–56, 12 points ahead of second-placeMilan. Milan beat Fiorentina to top spot the following year. Fiorentina became the first Italian team to play in aEuropean Cup final, when a disputed penalty led to a 2–0 defeat at the hands ofAlfredo Di Stéfano'sReal Madrid.Fiorentina were runners-up again in the three subsequent seasons. In the1960–61 season, the club won the Coppa Italia again and was also successful in Europe, winning the firstCup Winners' Cup against Scottish sideRangers.
After several years of runner-up finishes, Fiorentina dropped away slightly in the 1960s, bouncing from fourth to sixth place, although the club won the Coppa Italia and theMitropa Cup in 1966.
Kurt Hamrin scored 150 goals for Fiorentina when he represented the club 1958–1967. This means that he is in second place for most goals in the club's history.
While the 1960s did result in some trophies and goodSerie A finishes for Fiorentina, nobody believed that the club could challenge for the title. The1968–69 season started with Milan as frontrunners, but on matchday 7, it lost toBologna and was overtaken byGigi Riva'sCagliari. Fiorentina, after an unimpressive start, then moved to the top of the Serie A, but the first half of its season finished with a 2–2 draw againstVarese, leaving Cagliari as outright league leader. The second half of the season was a three-way battle between the three contending teams, Milan, Cagliari and Fiorentina. Milan fell away, instead focusing its efforts on the European Cup, and it seemed that Cagliari would retain top spot. After Cagliari lost againstJuventus, however, Fiorentina took over at the top. The team then won all of its remaining matches, beating rivals Juve inTurin on the penultimate matchday to seal its second, and last, national title. In the European Cup competition the following year, Fiorentina had some good results, including a win in theSoviet Union againstDynamo Kyiv, but was eventually knocked out in the quarter-finals after a 3–0 defeat inGlasgow toCeltic.[6]
Viola players began the 1970s decade withscudetto sewed on their breast, but the period was not especially fruitful for the team. After a fifth-place finish in 1971, they finished in mid-table almost every year, even flirting with relegation in 1972 and 1978. TheViola did win theAnglo-Italian League Cup in 1974 and won the Coppa Italia again in 1975. The team consisted of young talents likeVincenzo Guerini and Moreno Roggi, who suffered bad injuries, and above allGiancarlo Antognoni, who would later become an idol to Fiorentina's fans. The young average age of the players led to the team being called "Fiorentina Ye-Ye".
In 1980, Fiorentina was bought by Flavio Pontello, who came from a rich housebuilding family. He quickly changed the team's anthem and logo, leading to some complaints by the fans, but he started to bring in high-quality players such asFrancesco Graziani andEraldo Pecci fromTorino;Daniel Bertoni fromSevilla;Daniele Massaro fromMonza; and a youngPietro Vierchowod fromComo. The team was built around Giancarlo Antognoni, and in1982, Fiorentina were involved in an exciting duel with rivals Juventus. After a bad injury to Antognoni, the league title was decided on the final day of the season when Fiorentina were denied a goal against Cagliari and were unable to win. Juventus won the title with a disputed penalty and the rivalry between the two teams erupted.
The following years were strange for Fiorentina, who vacillated between high finishes and relegation battles. Fiorentina also bought two interesting players,El PunteroRamón Díaz and, most significantly, the youngRoberto Baggio.
In 1990, Fiorentina fought to avoid relegation right up until the final day of the season, but did reach theUEFA Cup final, where they again faced Juventus. The Turin team won the trophy, but Fiorentina'stifosi once again had real cause for complaint: the second leg of the final was played inAvellino (Fiorentina's home ground was suspended), a city with many Juventus fans, and emerging star Roberto Baggio was sold to the rival team on the day of the final. Pontello, suffering from economic difficulties, was selling all the players and was forced to leave the club after serious riots in Florence's streets. The club was then acquired by the famous filmmakerMario Cecchi Gori.
Cecchi Gori era: from Champions League to bankruptcy
Gabriel Batistuta, the most prominent Fiorentina player of the 1990s
The first season under Cecchi Gori's ownership was one of stabilisation, after which the new chairman started to sign some good players likeBrian Laudrup,Stefan Effenberg,Francesco Baiano and, most importantly,Gabriel Batistuta, who became an iconic player for the team during the 1990s. In 1993, however, Cecchi Gori died and was succeeded as chairman by his son,Vittorio. Despite a good start to the season, Cecchi Gori fired the coach,Luigi Radice, after a defeat againstAtalanta,[7] and replaced him withAldo Agroppi. The results were dreadful: Fiorentina fell into the bottom half of the standings and were relegated on the last day of the season.
Claudio Ranieri was brought in as coach for the 1993–94 season, and that year, Fiorentina dominatedSerie B, Italy's second division. Upon their return to Serie A, Ranieri put together a good team centred around new top scorer Batistuta, signing the young talentRui Costa fromBenfica and the new world champion Brazilian defenderMárcio Santos. The former became an idol to Fiorentina fans, while the second disappointed and was sold after only a season. TheViola finished the season in tenth place.
The following season, Cecchi Gori bought other important players, namely Swedish midfielderStefan Schwarz. The club again proved its mettle in cup competitions, winning the Coppa Italia against Atalanta and finishing joint-third in Serie A. In the summer, Fiorentina became the first non-national champions to win theSupercoppa Italiana, defeating Milan 2–1 at theSan Siro.
Fiorentina's 1996–97 season was disappointing in the league, but they did reach theCup Winners' Cup semi-final by beatingGloria Bistrița,Sparta Prague and Benfica. The team lost the semi-final to the eventual winner of the competition,Barcelona (away 1–1; home 0–2). The season's main signings wereLuís Oliveira andAndrei Kanchelskis, the latter of whom suffered from many injuries.
At the end of the season, Ranieri left Fiorentina forValencia in Spain, with Cecchi Gori appointingAlberto Malesani as his replacement. Fiorentina played well but struggled against smaller teams, although they did manage to qualify for the UEFA Cup. Malesani left Fiorentina after only a season and was succeeded byGiovanni Trapattoni. With Trapattoni's expert guidance and Batistuta's goals, Fiorentina challenged for the title in1998–99 but finished the season in third, earning them qualification for theChampions League. The following year was disappointing in Serie A, butViola played some historical matches in the Champions League, beatingArsenal 1–0 at the oldWembley Stadium andManchester United 2–0 in Florence. They were ultimately eliminated in the second group stage.
At the end of the season, Trapattoni left the club and was replaced by Turkish coachFatih Terim. More significantly, however, Batistuta was sold toRoma, who eventually won the title the following year. Fiorentina played well in2000–01 and stayed in the top half of Serie A, despite the resignation of Terim and the arrival ofRoberto Mancini. They also won the Coppa Italia for the sixth and last time.
The year 2001 heralded major changes for Fiorentina, as the terrible state of the club's finances was revealed: they were unable to pay wages and had debts of around US$50 million. The club's owner, Vittorio Cecchi Gori, was able to raise some more money, but this soon proved to be insufficient to sustain the club. Fiorentina were relegated at the end of the2001–02 season and went into judicially-controlled administration in June 2002. This form of bankruptcy (sports companies cannot exactly fail in this way in Italy, but they can suffer a similar procedure) meant that the club was refused a place in Serie B for the2002–03 season, and as a result effectively ceased to exist.
Della Valle era: from fourth tier to Europe (2000s and 2010s)
The club was promptly re-established in August 2002 asAssociazione Calcio Fiorentina e Florentia Viola with shoe and leather entrepreneur Diego Della Valle as new owner and the club was admitted intoSerie C2, the fourth tier of Italian football. The only player to remain at the club in its new incarnation wasAngelo Di Livio, whose commitment to the club's cause further endeared him to the fans. Helped by Di Livio and 30-goal strikerChristian Riganò, the club won its Serie C2 group with considerable ease, which would normally have led to a promotion toSerie C1. Due to the bizarreCaso Catania (Catania Case), the club skipped Serie C1 and was admitted into Serie B, something that was only made possible by theItalian Football Federation (FIGC)'s decision to resolve theCatania situation by increasing the number of teams in Serie B from 20 to 24 and promoting Fiorentina for "sports merits".[8] In the 2003 off-season, the club also bought back the right to use the Fiorentina name and the famous shirt design, and re-incorporated itself asACF Fiorentina. The club finished the2003–04 season in sixth place and won theplayoff againstPerugia to return to top-flight football.
Cesare Prandelli, the club's longest-serving manager (2005–2010, 2020–2021)
In their first season back in Serie A, the club struggled to avoid relegation, only securing survival on the last day of the season on head-to-head record againstBologna andParma. In 2005, Della Valle decided to appointPantaleo Corvino as new sports director, followed by the appointment ofCesare Prandelli as head coach inthe following season. The club made several signings during the summer transfer market, most notablyLuca Toni andSébastien Frey. This drastic move earned them a fourth-place finish with 74 points and a Champions League qualifying round ticket. Toni scored 31 goals in 38 appearances, the first player to pass the 30-goal mark sinceAntonio Valentin Angelillo in the1958–59 season, for which he was awarded theEuropean Golden Boot. On 14 July 2006, Fiorentina were relegated to Serie B due to their involvement in theCalciopoli scandal and given a 12-point penalty. The team was reinstated to the Serie A on appeal, but with a 19-point penalty for the2006–07 season. The team's2006–07 Champions League place was also revoked.[9] After the start of the season, Fiorentina's penalisation was reduced from 19 points to 15 on appeal to the Italian courts. In spite of this penalty, they managed to secure a place in the UEFA Cup.
Despite Toni's departure toBayern Munich, Fiorentina had a strong start to the2007–08 season and were tipped byItaly national team head coachMarcello Lippi, among others, as a surprise challenger for thescudetto,[10] and although this form tailed off towards the middle of the season, theViola managed to qualify for the Champions League. In Europe, the club reached the semi-final of theUEFA Cup, where they were ultimately defeated by Rangers on penalties. The2008–09 season continued this success, a fourth-place finish assuring Fiorentina's spot in2010's Champions League playoffs. Their European campaign was also similar to that of the previous run, relegated to the2008–09 UEFA Cup and were eliminated byAjax in the end.
In the2009–10 season, Fiorentina started their domestic campaign strongly before steadily losing momentum and slipped to mid-table positions at the latter half of the season. In Europe, the team proved to be a surprise dark horse: after losing their first away fixture againstLyon, they staged a comeback with a five-match streak by winning all their remaining matches (including defeatingLiverpool home and away). TheViola qualified as group champions, but eventually succumbed to Bayern Munich due to theaway goals rule. This was controversial due to a mistaken refereeing decision byTom Henning Øvrebø, who allowed a clearly offside goal for Bayern in the first leg. Bayern eventually finished the tournament as runners-up, making a deep run all the way to thefinal. The incident called into attention the possible implementation of video replays in football. Despite a good European run and reaching the semi-finals in the Coppa Italia, Fiorentina failed to qualify for Europe.
During this period, on 24 September 2009, Andrea Della Valle resigned from his position as chairman of Fiorentina, and announced all duties would be temporarily transferred to Mario Cognini, Fiorentina's vice-president until a permanent position could be filled.[11]
In June 2010, theViola bid farewell to long-time manager Cesare Prandelli, by then the longest-serving coach in the team's history, who was departing to coach the Italy national team. Catania managerSiniša Mihajlović was appointed to replace him. The club spent much of the early2010–11 season in last place, but their form improved and Fiorentina ultimately finished ninth. Following a 1–0 defeat toChievo in November 2011, Mihajlović was sacked and replaced byDelio Rossi.[12] After a brief period of improvements, theViola were again fighting relegation, prompting the sacking of Sporting DirectorPantaleo Corvino in early 2012 following a 0–5 home defeat to Juventus. Their bid for survival was kept alive by a number of upset victories away from home, notably at Roma and Milan. During a home game againstNovara, trailing 0–2 within half an hour, manager Rossi decided to substitute midfielderAdem Ljajić early. Ljajić sarcastically applauded him in frustration, whereupon Rossi retaliated by physical assaulting his player, an action that ultimately prompted his termination by the club.[13] His replacement, caretaker managerVincenzo Guerini, then guided the team away from the relegation zone to a 13th-place finish to end the turbulent year.
To engineer a resurrection of the club after the disappointing season, the Della Valle family invested heavily in the middle of 2012, buying 17 new players and appointingVincenzo Montella as head coach. The team began the season well, finishing the calendar year in joint third place and eventually finishing the2012–13 season in fourth, enough for a position in the2013–14 Europa League.
The club lost fan favouriteStevan Jovetić during the middle of 2013, selling him to English Premier League clubManchester City for a €30 million transfer fee. They also sold Adem Ljajić to Roma andAlessio Cerci to Torino, using the funds to bring inMario Gómez,Josip Iličić andAnte Rebić, among others. During the season, Fiorentina topped their Europa League group, moving on to the round of 32 to face Danish sideEsbjerg fB, which Fiorentina defeated 4–2 on aggregate. In the following round of 16, however, they then lost to Italian rivals Juventus 2–1 on aggregate, ousting Fiorentina from the competition. At the end of the season, the team finished fourth again in the league, and also finishing the year as Coppa Italia runners-up after losing 3–1 to Napoli in the final.
In 2014–15, during the 2015 winter transfer window, the team club sold star wingerJuan Cuadrado toChelsea for €30 million but were able to secure the loan ofMohamed Salah in exchange, who was a revelation in the second half of the season. Their2014–15 Europa League campaign saw them progress to the semi-finals, where they were knocked-out by Spanish sideSevilla, the eventual champions. In the2014–15 domestic season, Fiorentina once again finished fourth, thus qualifying for the2015–16 Europa League. In June 2015,Vincenzo Montella was sacked as manager after the club grew impatient with the coaches inability to prove his commitment to the club,[14] and was replaced byPaulo Sousa, who lasted until June 2017 and the appointment ofStefano Pioli.[15] Club captainDavide Astori died suddenly at the age of 31 in March 2018.[16] Astori had suffered acardiac arrest while in a hotel room before an away game. The club subsequently retired Astori's kit number, 13.[17] Fiorentina suffered during the2018–19 Serie A campaign and ended the season on a 14 match winless streak, finishing in 16th place with only 41 points, 3 points from the relegation zone. On 9 April 2019, Pioli resigned as manager and was replaced by Montella.[18]
On 6 June 2019, the club was sold to Italian-American billionaireRocco Commisso for around 160 million euros.[19] The sale marked the end of the Della Valle family's seventeen-year association with the club.[20]Vincenzo Montella was confirmed as coach for the first season of the new era despite the team's poor end to the previous campaign, which saw them finish only three points clear of the relegation zone.[21] Fiorentina continued their struggles from the previous year, spending the majority of the season in lower midtable. Montella was sacked on 21 December after a 7 match winless run which left the club in 15th place, and was replaced byGiuseppe Iachini. In November 2020Cesare Prandelli returned to Fiorentina, replacing Giuseppe Iachini as coach.[22]
Under coachVincenzo Italiano, who arrived in 2021, Fiorentina reached and lost two consecutive finals of theUEFA Europa Conference League, in the2022–23 and2023–24 editions, being the first club to record two consecutive final appearances in the competition's history, and becoming the first team to lose two consecutive European finals sinceBenfica in 2013 and 2014 UEFA Europa League finals.[23]
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined underFIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined underFIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined underFIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined underFIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Fiorentina have had many managers and head coaches throughout their history. Below is a chronological list from the club's foundation in 1926 to the present day.[27]
The badge used by Florentia Viola, consisting solely of thefleur-de-lis of FlorenceFormer crest of Fiorentina, used until 2022
The official emblem of the city ofFlorence, a redfleur-de-lis on a white field, has been the staple in the all-round symbolism of the club.[28]
Over the course of the club's history, they have had several badge changes, all of which incorporated Florence's fleur-de-lis in some way.[29] The first one was nothing more than the city's coat of arms, a white shield with the red fleur-de-lis inside.[30][28] It was soon changed to a very stylised fleur-de-lis, always red, and sometimes even without the white field.[28] The most common symbol, adopted for about 20 years, had been a whitelozenge with the flower inside.[28] During the season they were Italian champions, the lozenge disappeared and the flower was overlapped with thescudetto.[31]
The logo introduced by owner Flavio Pontello in 1980 was particularly distinct, consisting of one-half of the city of Florence's emblem and one-half of the letter "F", for Fiorentina. People disliked it when it was introduced, believing it was a commercial decision and, above all, because the symbol bore more of a resemblance to ahalberd than a fleur-de-lis.[29]
Until the 2022–23 season, when the club unveiled a new, stylistically simplified badge, the logo was a kite shaped doublelozenge bordered in gold. The outer lozenge had a purple background with the letters "AC" in white and the letter "F" in red, standing for the club's name. The inner lozenge was white with a gold border and the red Giglio of Florence.[29] This logo had been in use from 1992 to 2002, but after the financial crisis and resurrection of the club the new one couldn't use the same logo.[30] Florence'scomune instead granted Florentia Viola use of the stylised coat of arms used in other city documents.[30] Diego Della Valle acquired the current logo the following year in a judicial auction for a fee of €2.5 million, making it the most expensive logo in Italian football.[30]
Gabriel Batistuta holding his old Fiorentina jersey at a 2014 ceremony inducting him into the club's Hall of Fame
When Fiorentina was founded in 1926, the players wore red and white halved shirts derived from the colour of the city emblem.[32] The more well-known and highly distinctive purple kit was adopted in 1928 and has been used ever since, giving rise to the nicknameLa Viola ("The Purple (team)").[33] Tradition has it that Fiorentina got their purple kit by mistake after an accident washing the old red and white coloured kits in the river.[34]
The away kit has always been predominantly white, sometimes with purple and red elements, sometimes all-white.[28] The shorts had been purple when the home kit was with white shorts.[33] In the 1995–96 season, it was all-red with purple borders and twolilies on the shoulders.[35] The red shirt has been the most worn 3rd shirt by Fiorentina, although they also wore rare yellow shirts ('97–'98, '99–'00 and '10–'11) and a sterling version, mostly in theCoppa Italia, in 2000–01.[28]
For the 2017–18 season and the first time in its history, the club used five kits during the season, composing of one home kit (all-purple) and four away kits, each one representing one historicquartiere of the city ofFlorence: all-blue (Santa Croce), all-white (Santo Spirito), all-green (San Giovanni) and all-red (Santa Maria Novella).[36]
"Canzone Viola" (Purple Song) is the title of the Fiorentina's song, nowadays better known as "Oh Fiorentina".[37] It is the oldest official football anthem in Italy and one of the oldest in the world.[38] Dated 1930 and born only four years after the creation of the club, the song was written by a 12-year-old child, Enzo Marcacci, and musically arranged by maestro Marco Vinicio.[38] It was published for the first time by the publisher Marcello Manni, who later became the owner of the rights.[citation needed] It soon achieved notoriety thanks to the printed media and the Ordine del Marzocco, a sort of original viola-club, which printed the lyrics of the song and distributed it to a home match on November 22, 1931.[39]
The song was recorded byNarciso Parigi in 1959 and again in 1965; the latter version replaced the original edition as the Fiorentina anthem.[citation needed] Subsequently, Narciso Parigi himself acquired the ownership of the rights, which he donated in 2002 to the supporter club Collettivo Autonomo Viola.[37]
A.C. Fiorentina S.p.A. was unable to register for2002–03 Serie B due to financial difficulties, and then the sports title was transferred to a new company thanks toArticle 52 of N.O.I.F., while the old company was liquidated. At that time the club was heavily relying on windfall profit from selling players, especially in pure player swap or cash plus player swap that potentially increased the cost by the increase inamortisation of player contracts (anintangible assets). For example,Marco Rossi joined Fiorentina for Lire 17 billion in 2000, but at the same timeLorenzo Collacchioni moved toSalernitana for Lire 1 billion, meaning the club had a player profit of Lire 997 million and extra Lire 1 billion to be amortised in 5-years.[46] In 1999,Emiliano Bigica also swapped withGiuseppe Taglialatela,[47] which the latter was valued for Lire 10 billion.[46] The operating income (excluding windfall profit from players trading) of 2000–01 season was minusLire 113,271,475,933 (minus €58,499,835).[46] It was only boosted by the sales ofFrancesco Toldo andRui Costa in June 2001 (a profit of Lire 134.883 billion; €69.661 million).[46] However, it was alleged they were to transfer to Parma[46] for a reported Lire 140 million.[48] The two players eventually joined Inter Milan and A.C. Milan in 2001–02 financial year instead, for undisclosed fees. Failing to have financial support from the ownerVittorio Cecchi Gori, the club was forced to windup due to its huge imbalance in operating income.
Since re-established in 2002,ACF Fiorentina S.p.A. are yet to self-sustain to keep the team in top division as well as in European competitions. In the 2005 financial year, which cover thefirst Serie A season, the club made a net loss of €9,159,356,[49] followed by a net loss of €19,519,789. In 2006 (2005–06 Serie A and2006–07 Serie A), Fiorentina heavily invested on players, meaning the amortisation of intangible asset (the player contract) had increased from €17.7 million to €24 million.[50] However the club suffered from the2006 Italian football scandal, which meant the club did not qualify for Europe. In 2007 Fiorentina almost broke-even, with a net loss of just €3,704,953. In the 2007 financial year the TV revenue increased after they qualified to the2007–08 UEFA Cup.[51] Despite qualifying to the2008–09 UEFA Champions League, Fiorentina made a net loss of €9,179,484 in 2008 financial year after the increase in TV revenue was outweighed by the increase in wage.[52] In the 2009 financial year, Fiorentina made a net profit of €4,442,803, largely due to the profit on selling players (€33,631,489 from players such asFelipe Melo,Giampaolo Pazzini andZdravko Kuzmanović; increased from about €3.5 million in 2008). However it was also offset by the write-down of selling players (€6,062,545, from players such asManuel da Costa,Arturo Lupoli andDavide Carcuro).[53]
After the club failed to qualify to Europe at the end of2009–10 Serie A, as well as lack of player profit, Fiorentina turnover was decreased from €140,040,713 in 2009 to just €79,854,928, despite the wage bill also falling,la Viola still made a net loss of €9,604,353.[54][55] In the 2011 financial year, the turnover slipped to €67,076,953, as the club's lack of capital gains from selling players and 2010 financial year still included the instalments from UEFA for participating2009–10 UEFA Europa League. Furthermore, the gate income had dropped from €11,070,385 to €7,541,260. The wage bill did not fall much and in reverse the amortisation of transfer fee had sightly increased due to new signings.La Viola had savings in other costs but counter-weighted by huge €11,747,668 write-down for departed players, due to D'Agostino, Frey and Mutu, but the former would counter-weight by co-ownership financial income, which all made the operating cost remained high as worse as last year. Moreover, in 2010 the result was boosted by acquiring the asset from subsidiary (related to AC Fiorentina) and the re-valuation of its value in separate balance sheet. If deducting that income (€14,737,855), 2010 financial year was net loss 24,342,208 and 2011 result was worse with €8,131,876 only in separate balance sheet.[56][57] In 2012, the club benefited from the sales ofMatija Nastasić andValon Behrami,[58][59] followed byStevan Jovetić andAdem Ljajić in 2013.[60][61] In 2014, due to €28.4 million drop from the windfall profit of selling players, the club recorded their worst financial results since re-foundation, despite the fact the club maintained the same level of windfall profit, the result was still worse than in 2013.[62][63][64] Moreover, Fiorentina also revealed that the club had a relevant football net income of minus €19.5 million in the first assessment period ofUEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations in the 2013–14 season (in May 2014).[65] (aggregate of 2012 and 2013 results), which within the limit of minus €45 million, as well as minus €25.5 million in assessment period 2014–15 (aggregate of 2012, 2013 and 2014 results). However, as the limit was reduced to minus €30 million in assessment period 2015–16, 2016–17 and 2017–18 season, the club had to achieve a relevant net income of positive €5.6 million in 2015 financial year.La Viola soldJuan Cuadrado to Chelsea in January 2015 for €30 million fee, to make the club eligible to 2016–17 edition of UEFA competitions.[62]
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