| G.91Y | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
| A G91Y at Bremgarten in September 1992 | |
| Role | Ground attack Type of aircraft |
| National origin | Italy |
| Manufacturer | Fiat Aviazione Aeritalia |
| First flight | 27 December 1966 |
| Introduction | July 1968 |
| Retired | 1994 |
| Primary user | Italian Air Force |
| Produced | 1966-1972 |
| Number built | 2 prototypes + 65[1] |
| Developed from | Fiat G.91 |
TheFiat (laterAeritalia)G.91Y is an Italian ground-attack and reconnaissance aircraft which first flew in 1966. Although resembling its predecessor, theFiat G.91, the aircraft was in fact a complete redesign, a major difference being that it was equipped with a new twin-engine configuration, replacing the original single engine.
The G.91Y was an increased-performance version of theFiat G.91 funded by the Italian government. Based on the G.91T two-seat trainer variant, the singleBristol Orpheusturbojet engine of this aircraft was replaced by twoafterburningGeneral Electric J85 turbojets which increased thrust by 60% over the single-engined variant.[2] Structural modifications to reduceairframe weight increased performance further and an additional fuel tank occupying the space of the G.91T's rear seat provided extra range. Combat manoeuvrability was improved with the addition of automaticleading edge slats.[2]
Theavionics equipment of the G.91Y was considerably upgraded with many of the American, British and Canadian systems being licence-manufactured in Italy.[2]
Flight testing of three pre-production aircraft was successful, with one aircraft reaching a maximum speed ofMach 0.98. Airframe buffeting was noted and subsequently rectified in production aircraft by raising the position of thetailplane slightly.
An initial order of 55 aircraft for the Italian Air Force was completed byFiat in March 1971, by which time the company had changed its name toAeritalia (from 1969, when Fiat aviazione merged with Aerfer). The order was increased to 75 aircraft with 67 eventually being delivered. In fact, the development of the new G.91Y was quite long, with the first order being for about 20 pre-series examples that followed the two prototypes. The first pre-series 'Yankee' (the nickname of the new aircraft) flew in July 1968.
AMI (Italian Air Force) placed orders for two batches; 35 fighters followed by another 20, later cut to 10. The last one was delivered around mid 1976, making a total of two prototypes, 20 pre-series and 45 series aircraft. No export success followed. These aircraft served with 101° Gruppo/8° Stormo (Cervia-S.Giorgio) from 1970, and later, from 1974, they served with the 13° Gruppo/32° Stormo (Brindisi).[3] Those 'Gruppi' (Italian equivalent of British 'squadrons', usually equipped with 18 aircraft) lasted until the early '90s, as the only ones equipped with the 'Yankee', using them as attack/reconnaissance machines, both over ground and sea, until theAMX replaced them.
Data fromThe Observer's Book of Aircraft.[4]
General characteristics
Performance
Armament
Related development
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
Related lists
