 The Monastery | |
 Interactive map of Fenek monastery Manastir Fenek Манастир Фенек | |
| Monastery information | |
|---|---|
| Full name | Манастир Фенек |
| Order | Serbian Orthodox |
| Established | 15th century |
| Diocese | Eparchy of Srem |
| People | |
| Founder | Stefan Branković |
| Important associated figures | Angelina Branković |
| Site | |
| Location | Surčin municipality,Belgrade,Serbia |
TheFenek Monastery (Serbian:Манастир Фенек,romanized: Manastir Fenek) is the malemonastery in the eparchy ofSrem of the SerbianOrthodox Church. The monastery is situated near the village ofJakovo, 25 km fromBelgrade, former Municipality ofZemun and nowSurčin.[1] Although geographically it does not belong toFruška gora there is a huge historical connection with Fruška gora monasteries. The monastery church was dedicated toSt. Martyr Paraskeva (celebrated on 26 July, that is, 8 August according to the new calendar).
According to the folk tradition, the monastery was built in the second half of the 15th century and its founders were Stefan and АngelinaBranković. The first written record[2] about the monastery is found in theminej (religious liturgy book) of the monkZaharije from 1563. Unlike otherFruška gora monasteries, Fenek remained under theOttoman government until 1717. The records from the 18th century testify that the old monastery church was built in the second half of the 15th century in the spirit of Serbian medieval architecture.[3] The new church was built in the period from 1793-1797, and consecrated during the time whenVikentije Rakić was the abbot; he also wrote the history of the monastery. The monastery chapel dedicated toSt Petka was built in 1800, on the site of the old one, above the well, which was believed to have been built by the motherAngelina Branković. People believed that the water from this well had some healing powers.[4] By the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th century, the Fenek Monastery was the venue of the several historical events. In 1788, dukeAleksa Nenadović and Austrian emperorЈоsef II met in the monastery. After the collapse of theFirst Serbian Uprising in 1813Karađorđe and his son Aleksa stayed in a monastery for a month. There is a memorial plaque as a testimony. Also on the same occasion, until 1815, monks fromStudenica stayed there, along with the relics ofSt. King Stefan Prvovenčani. The monastery was also the place where Karađorđe met archpriestМаtija Nenadović. In theFirst World War the monastery was set on fire, and in theSecond World War in 1942 it was almost completely devastated.
The monastery complex consists of the church, thechapel, the mansion and the economic part. The church, built in 1797 and dedicated to St. Petka dominates the complex. The church was built as a one-naveBaroque building with the bell tower above the western part and the smaller dome above the transept. The iconostasis[5] inside the church from 1798 was the work of the famous woodcutter fromNovi Sad,Аksentije Marković .[6] The icons are the work of Petar Radosavljević, a painter fromPančevo, with characteristic elements ofclassicism. The frescoes on the walls, the work of a Zemun sculptor and painterDimitrije Petrović from 1859, have not been saved up to now. The mansion which is placed inside the monastery complex date back from the late 18th and early 19th century. According to the archive records they were built long before that but were demolished over time and used for the construction of the new ones. The rich library, which was known as one of the most importantFruška Gora monastery, was situated in the mansion, but during theFirst World War it was completely destroyed. The records of the doctorArchibald Reiss testify about that event.[7] In the immediate vicinity of the church, there is a monastery chapel dedicated to St. Petka. It was built above the well, which was believed to have been built by mother Angelina Branković. People believed that the water from this well had miraculous healing power.
The milestone, also known as „The Golden Cross“ proves the large size of the monastery property. It is placed on the right side of the road connectingJakovo andBoljevci, about 400 m after the Fenek monastery turning. On 20 January 1743 the EmpressMaria Theresa assigned „the privilege“ to the Fenek monastery, according to which the property was granted to the monastery. Immediately after that, the bounding of the monastery property was done. The milestone was erected in 1747, thanks to Nikola Marković, and it got the name after the folk tradition, according to which the Serbs rushed to get hold of this milestone, since they felt safe on the monastery property. That is why the monument bears the name Golden cross – as the symbol of salvation.
Within the property of the Fenek monastery and its protected environment there are several archaeological sites: Fenek Mnastery (Middle Ages), Monastery Prnjavor (late Middle Ages) and Monastery fields (Neolithic). The monastery was reconstructed in 1991, and nowadays it is completely renewed. Until 2006, three older nuns lived in the monastery, one of them, sister Agripina died, and the remaining two were moved to other monasteries, mother Paraskeva to the monastery Greteg and Abbotess Magdalina to Radovašnica. By the decision of the competentarchimandrites ofSrem Vasilije and OfRaška andPrizren Аrtemije the new male monkhood arrived to the monastery in the middle of 2006, Marko fromSopoćani and Makarije fromDečani. Since then, the visits to the monastery increased and the reconstruction of the mansion is in progress.[8] The patron saint of the monastery is Venerable mother Paraskeva, celebrated on 27 October, the folk gathering and the fair is on 7 August.[9]
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44°44′24″N20°13′28″E / 44.74000°N 20.22444°E /44.74000; 20.22444
