Femonationalism, sometimes known asfeminationalism, is the association between anationalist ideology and somefeminist ideas when driven by xenophobic motivations, especially in the context ofIslamophobia.[1][2][3][4] Femonationalism is short for "feminist and femocratic nationalism".[2]
The term was originally proposed by the researcherSara R. Farris.[5] Farris first wrote of Femonationalism in her 2012 article,Femonationalism and the “Regular” Army of Labor Called Migrant Women, then again in her bookIn the Name of Women's Rights: The Rise of Femonationalism. Femonationalism is used to refer to the usage of feminist ideas in order to justify islamophobic,aporophobic,racist, and xenophobic positions, arguing thatimmigrants aresexist and thatWestern society is entirelyegalitarian.[5][6]The term was developed following theSeptember 11 attacks, as stereotypes and concerns over arab/islamic people rose that governments sought to address.[7]
The main critiques of this phenomenon focus on the partial andsectarian use of thefeminist movement to further ends based onsocial intolerance, ignoring the sexism and lack of realsocial equality in Western society as a whole.[8][9] An example of this would be political endorsement of anti-muslim policies by feminists.[10] Also, Sara Farris critiques that money is taken from state programs for gender inequality and given to programs for women in minority groups that lead them to work inSocial reproduction jobs such as cleaning and providing childcare.[10] Social reproduction jobs such as these were a point of contention inSecond-wave feminism in the US.[10] Farris also states that Femonationalist public figures contribute to the painting of Islam as misogynistic.[10]
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