Federmesser group is an archaeological umbrella term including the lateUpper Paleolithic toMesolithic cultures of theNorthern European Plain, dating to between 14,000 and 12,800 years ago (the lateMagdalenian).^[1] It is closely related to the Tjongerian culture, as both have been suggested.^[2]It includes theTjongerian sites atLochtenrek in the Frisian part of the Netherland, spanning the area of Belgium, the Netherlands, northern France, northern Germany, southernDenmark, and Poland (Tarnowian andWitowian cultures). It is also closely related to theCreswellian culture to the west and theAzilian to the south. The name is derived from the characteristic small backed flint blades, in German termedFedermesser ("quill knife"). It is succeeded by theAhrensburg culture after 12,800 BP.

• Late Glacial Maximum – Circa 24,000–16,000 BCE; most recent era when ice sheets were at their greatest extentPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
• Ahrensburg culture – Late Upper Paleolithic nomadic hunter culture
• Hamburg culture – Late Upper Paleolithic culture
• Magdalenian – Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic cultures
• Kozarnika – Cave and archaeological site in BulgariaPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
• Laacher See – Volcanic crater lake in western Germany

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