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Fatehpur district | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Fort inFatehpur | |
 Location of Fatehpur district in Uttar Pradesh | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Uttar Pradesh |
| Division | Prayagraj |
| Headquarters | Fatehpur |
| Tehsils | Fatehpur,Bindki andKhaga |
| Government | |
| • District collector | Ravinder Singh (IAS)[1] |
| • Lok Sabha constituencies | Fatehpur (Lok Sabha constituency) |
| • Vidhan Sabha constituencies | |
| Area | |
• Total | 4,152 km2 (1,603 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 2,632,733 |
| • Density | 634.1/km2 (1,642/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 321,993 (12.2%) |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 67.4% |
| • Sex ratio | 901 |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Vehicle registration | UP-71 |
| Major highways | NH 19 |
| Website | fatehpur |
Fatehpur district is one of the 75districts of theIndian state ofUttar Pradesh. The district has a population of 2,632,733 (2011 Census).Fatehpur city is its administrative headquarters.
Fatehpur district is named after its headquarters, the townFatehpur. According to local legends, the name is derived from a battle won byIbrahim Shah of Jaunpur over Raja Sita Nand of Athgarhia. The name of the conqueror is sometimes given as Jalal-ud-din, the ruler ofBengal. According to another tradition, the name originates from Fateh-mand Khan who supposedly founded the town. This tradition is based on a fragmentary inscription found at Denda Sai in Tehsil Khaga, which mentions that an officer of Sultan Ala-ud-din named Fatehmand Khan obtained aFarman from Fateh-mand Khan in 1519 A.D. However, there was no known king by the name Ala-ud-din at the time, meaning the title of the Sultan must be wrong for the date to be correct. Also, Denda Sai is about 48 kilometres (30 mi) from Fatehpur.[2]
Grand Trunk Road passes through the district; it is one of Asia's major trading routes which back at least 2500 years. Fatehpur was mentioned in thePuranic literature.Bhitaura, the site of thesageBhrigu, was historically an important source of learning.
In the 18th century, Fatehpur district was part of thesubah of Korah and was under the rule of theWazir ofAwadh. In 1736, the district was captured by theMarathas, who retained possession of it until 1750 when they were ousted by thePathans of Fatehpur. In 1753, the district was reconquered by theNawab of Awadh. A 1764 treaty between the BritishEast India Company and the Nawab turned Korah over to the Emperor in Delhi. The Emperor retained it until 1774 when it was restored to the Nawab Wazir. In an 1801 treaty, the Nawab reconveyed it to the East India Company in return for the defense of his country.
During theIndian Rebellion of 1857, the district rebelled againstthe rule of the East India Company in June. However, order was reestablished after theSiege of Lucknow. It also witnessed theBawani Imli massacre, where on 28 April 1858, 52 freedom fighters were hanged to death on a tamarind tree..[3]
Fatehpur district is part ofPrayagraj division. It is situated between two important cities,Prayagraj andKanpur of the state ofUttar Pradesh, being 117 kilometres (73 mi) from Prayagraj and 76 kilometres (47 mi) from Kanpur. The state capitalLucknow is 137 kilometres (85 mi) away. The north boundary of the district is the riverGanges and its southern boundary is the riverYamuna. The district covers an area of 4,152 square kilometres (1,603 sq mi).
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 681,848 | — |
| 1911 | 672,459 | −0.14% |
| 1921 | 648,065 | −0.37% |
| 1931 | 684,218 | +0.54% |
| 1941 | 801,574 | +1.60% |
| 1951 | 902,928 | +1.20% |
| 1961 | 1,066,028 | +1.67% |
| 1971 | 1,278,549 | +1.83% |
| 1981 | 1,572,751 | +2.09% |
| 1991 | 1,899,387 | +1.90% |
| 2001 | 2,308,384 | +1.97% |
| 2011 | 2,632,733 | +1.32% |
| source:[4] | ||
| Religion | Percent | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hinduism | 86.40% | |||
| Islam | 13.32% | |||
| Other or not stated | 0.28% | |||
| Distribution of religions | ||||
According to the2011 Census of India, Fatehpur district has apopulation of 2,632,733.[6] It ranks of 154th in India (out of a total of640).[6] The district has a population density of 634 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,640/sq mi).[6] Itspopulation growth rate over the decade 2001 to 2011 was 14.05%.[6] Fatehpur has asex ratio of 901females for every 1000 males.[6] Itsliteracy rate is 67.43%. 12.23% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes make up 24.75% of the population.[6]
At the time of the 2011 Census, 97.48% of the population in the district spokeHindi and 2.49%spoke Urdu as their first language.[7] The local dialect isAwadhi. This district's main religion isHinduism, including 86.4% of the population, followed byIslam, which includes 13.32 % of the population.
The district is divided into threesub-districts (tehsils):Fatehpur,Bindki, andKhaga.
These sub-districts are further divided into thirteen development blocks:
Fatehpur district includes several towns which are culturally significant.
Ghazipur is an ancient town that was visited by the Chinese monkHuan Tsuang in the mid-600s. It includes numerous historic structures and sites including Paina Quila (fort), Ghazipur Quila (fort; now a police station),Dargah (tomb), Tuglaki Masjid (mosque), and Murchaura (battlefield). It also includes the Subhas Market and Purani Bazaar
Korari is archaeologically important. It has two brick temples with intricate carvings on the outer faces; each panel has a different design. One temple is tilted in its axis about four degrees.
Bhitaura is situated on the bank of the Ganges where the river flows to the north; this is significant to the Hindu religion. This site is also whereSaint Bhrigu was worshipped, giving it the name Bhrigu Thaura. Theghats of Bhitaura andAsani were described as sacred in thepuranas.
Dhata is famous for its statue ofRavana and the Temple of Dadua in Kabraha. Dhata is located at the end of Fatehpur district and consists of twelve Purvas.
Fatehpur is connected to other parts ofUttar Pradesh andIndia by national and state highways. TheNational Highway 19 (NH19) passes through Fatehpur. There are frequent buses toKanpur,Prayagraj,Banda, andLucknow.
Fatehpur is on the Howrah-Delhi train route between Prayagraj and Kanpur. Fatehpur Station is on the main route ofNew Delhi-Howrah. It has the longest platform of any station on the route from Howrah to Delhi.
On 10 July 2011, aderailment near Malwan killed seventy passengers and injured more than 300.[8]
The nearest airport isKanpur Airport which is 69.6 kilometres (43.2 mi) from Fatehpur. It is also accessible fromPrayagraj Airport which is 124 kilometres (77 mi) from Fatehpur.
One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in thepublic domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Fatehpur".Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 10 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 199.
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