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Afake passport is acounterfeit of apassport (or othertravel document) issued by a nation or authorised agency. Such counterfeits are copies of genuine passports, or illicitly modified genuine passports made by unauthorized persons, sometimes called cobblers.[2] Its purpose is to be used deceptively as if it were a legitimate travel or identity document. A passport obtained from an authorized issuer by providing false information may also be considered fake.
These falsified passports can be used to leave a country from which exit is barred,illegal immigration to a country into which entry is barred,identity theft,age fabrication,organized crime, and to bypassknow your customer protocols.[3]
Other comparable documents includecamouflage passports, which are not copies of a valid form of document, but are designed to look like a passport issued by a body that cannot issue legitimate passports, such as "Republic of Mainau", or a "Baltic Trade Mission" diplomatic document.Fantasy passports, such as theWorld Passport, are passport-like documents issued by non-official organizations ormicronations as a novelty or souvenir, to make a political statement, or to show loyalty to a political or other cause.
Adolf Eichmann (high-ranking Nazi often referred to as "the architect of theHolocaust") after the end ofWorld War II traveled toArgentina using a fraudulently obtainedlaissez-passer issued by theInternational Red Cross and lived there under a false identity.
The "Great Train Robber"Ronnie Biggs entered Australia in 1965 with a fake passport, following his escape from prison. His wife and children also used fake passports to join him the following year.[4]
Alexander Solonik (Russian hitman in the early 1990s) lived inGreece with a fake passport, which he had obtained from the Greek consulate inMoscow.[citation needed]
In October 2000,Alexander Litvinenko (Russiandissident and writer) fled toTurkey fromUkraine on aforged passport using the alias Chris Reid, as his actual passport was impounded by Russian authorities after criminal charges were filed against him.[citation needed]
In May 2001,Kim Jong-nam, the son ofNorth Korean leaderKim Jong-il, wasarrested atNarita International Airport, inTokyo,Japan, travelling on a fakeDominican Republic passport. He was detained by immigration officials and later deported to thePeople's Republic of China. The incident caused Kim Jong-il to cancel a planned visit to China due to the embarrassment caused by the incident.[5][6]
In June 2005, American actorWesley Snipes was detained inSouth Africa atJohannesburg International Airport for allegedly trying to pass through the airport with a fake South African passport. Snipes was allowed to return home because he had a valid U.S. passport.[7]
In early 2020, the Brazilian soccer playerRonaldinho and his brother were detained inParaguay while allegedly trying to enter the country with fake Paraguayan passports.[8]
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