TheF-segment is the 6th category and largest of theEuropean segments for passenger cars, and always belongs to "luxury cars".[1][2][3]
The equivalent categories arefull-size luxury sedan (or "large luxury sedan") in the United States,luxury saloon (or "luxury limousine") in the United Kingdom, andOberklasse in Germany. Extended-wheelbaselimousines andarmored sedans are also considered as F-segment.
F-segment is a niche of the European market (approximately 0.2–0.3% in the 2010s) and the range is limited to only a few models.[4]
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Most F-segment cars use asedan body style; however, some have been produced aswagons/estates or have ahatchback rear door.
Extended wheelbase variants of these cars are common, as many of the luxury features are placed for the rear-seat occupants. In some markets (depending on the manufacturer), short wheelbase models are excluded completely, and only long wheelbase variants are sold. As of 2021[update], the average F-segment car has a length exceeding 5 metres (16 ft).
Ultra-luxury cars are also included in F-segment.
In 2020, the highest selling F-segment cars in Europe were the BMW 8 Series, BMW 7 Series, Mercedes-Benz S-Class, Jaguar XJ, Porsche Panamera and Audi A8 / S8.[5]
1000–10,000 sales(best-selling)
Fewer than 1000 sales
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Fewer than 1000 sales(ultra-luxury models)
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| 2020 rank | Brand | Model | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | % change (2020–2021) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mercedes-Benz | S-Class | 8,736 | 17,669 | 16,583 | 14,967 | 14,757 | 14,373 | 10,571 | 6,239 | 11,069 |  +77% |
| 2 | BMW | 8 Series | – | – | – | – | – | 1,299 | 6,640 | 7,486 | 5,873 |  –22% |
| 3 | BMW | 7 Series | 5,980 | 5,307 | 5,985 | 13,320 | 11,533 | 9,552 | 9,248 | 6,346 | 5,235 | –18% |
| 4 | Porsche | Panamera | 5,679 | 5,676 | 4,191 | 3,140 | 10,478 | 9,454 | 8,436 | 4,308 | 5,097 | +18% |
| 5 | Audi | A8 /S8 | 5,486 | 6,556 | 6,717 | 5,372 | 5,887 | 5,791 | 4,477 | 3,648 | 2,865 | –21% |
| 6 | Mercedes-Benz | EQS | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 1,027 | New |
| 7 | Bentley | Flying Spur | 313 | 624 | 555 | 627 | 637 | 359 | 54 | 438 | 451 | +3% |
| 8 | Rolls-Royce | Ghost | 255 | 189 | 233 | 180 | 166 | 113 | 92 | 89 | 186 | +109% |
| 9 | Lexus | LS | 370 | 173 | 131 | 83 | 101 | 636 | 248 | 98 | 117 | +19% |
| 10 | Maserati | Quattroporte (Ceased production in 2023) | 452 | 812 | 815 | 682 | 562 | 459 | 251 | 116 | 115 | –1% |
| 11 | Rolls-Royce | Phantom | 120 | 105 | 97 | 124 | 95 | 171 | 100 | 46 | 41 | –11% |
| 12 | Bentley | Mulsanne (Ceased production in 2020) | 156 | 185 | 209 | 227 | 186 | 108 | 112 | 69 | 19 | –72% |
| 13 | Genesis | G90 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 16 | New |
| 14 | Jaguar | XJ (Ceased production in 2020) | 2,287 | 1,905 | 1,616 | 1,847 | 1,495 | 1,099 | 724 | 247 | 11 | –96% |
| – | Aston Martin | Rapide (Ceased production in 2020) | 250 | 165 | 197 | 108 | 124 | 74 | 86 | 34 | – | –100% |
| Segment Total | 31,877 | 41,127 | 38,807 | 40,754 | 45,928 | 42,189 | 41,039 | 29,164 | 32,122 | +10% | ||
| Source | [6] | [7] | [8] | [9] | [10] | [11] | [12] | [13] | [14] |
2019 - Sales of limousines in Europe were down 6% in 2019 to just over 41,000 sales which makes this the second consecutive year of decline for the segment.[15]
2020 - European sales of limousines and upper class vehicles were down 29% in 2020, to just over 29,000 deliveries. This lowers their share to 0.2% of the total European car market, down from 0.3% the year before.[16]
In China,Hongqi CA72 was launched in 1958, making it the oldest Chinese F-segment car.[17]
The first F-segment car from an Asian manufacturer for an outside market was the 1989Lexus LS400. Before the debut of luxury orientated Japanese manufacturers such asLexus orInfiniti, most flagship models were limited for Japan only. Examples included theToyota Century andNissan President.
In South Korea, early F-segment cars were the result of partnerships with long-established manufacturers, for example the 1999Hyundai Equus (based on the Mitsubishi Proudia/Dignity). More recent F-segment cars from South Korea include theGenesis G90.
The lineage of Mercedes-Benz's current F-segment car begins with the 1951Mercedes-Benz W187. The W187 was replaced by theMercedes-Benz W180 (nicknamed "Ponton") in 1954, which was replaced by theMercedes-Benz W111 in 1959, which was replaced by theMercedes-Benz W108 in 1965. The W108 was replaced by theMercedes-Benz S-Class in 1972, which has been produced for six generations and remains in production today.
Jaguar's first F-segment car was the 1951Jaguar Mark VII. The Mark VII was replaced by the 1956Jaguar Mark VIII, then the 1959Jaguar Mark IX and the 1961Jaguar Mark X, which was renamed the "Jaguar 420G" in 1966. The 420G was replaced by theJaguar XJ in 1968, which has been produced for four generations and has just ceased production in 2020.
The 1952–1963BMW 501/502 sedans are predecessors to BMW's current line of F-segment cars. The successor to the 501/502 was theBMW New Six (also known as E3), introduced in 1977. The E3 was replaced by theBMW 7 Series in 1978, which has been produced for six generations and remains in production today.
TheMaserati Quattroporte was released in 1963 and is currently in its sixth generation.
The first F-segment car from Audi was the 1988Audi V8. The Audi V8 was replaced by theAudi A8 in 1994, which has been produced for four generations and remains in production today.
F-segment cars are known as "full-size luxury cars" in the United States, and form part of thefull-size car category (along with non-luxury large cars and the smaller E-segment cars).