Ezhou 鄂州市 | |
|---|---|
  .jpg) .jpg)  Left to right, top to bottom: Central Yanglan Lake, Guanyin Pavilion, Lingquan Temple, Yu Liang Gate (looking south), the city viewed from Yanglan Lake | |
.png) Location in Hubei and the PRC | |
  Ezhou Location in Hubei | |
| Coordinates (Ezhou municipal government):30°23′29″N114°53′42″E / 30.3914°N 114.8949°E /30.3914; 114.8949 | |
| Country | People's Republic of China |
| Province | Hubei |
| Municipal seat | Echeng District |
| Area | |
| 1,593.54 km2 (615.27 sq mi) | |
| • Urban | 1,593.54 km2 (615.27 sq mi) |
| • Metro | 963.4 km2 (372.0 sq mi) |
| Population (2020 census)[2] | |
| 1,079,353 | |
| • Density | 677.330/km2 (1,754.28/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 1,079,353 |
| • Urban density | 677.330/km2 (1,754.28/sq mi) |
| • Metro | 1,152,559 |
| • Metro density | 1,196/km2 (3,099/sq mi) |
| GDP[3] | |
| • Prefecture-level city | CN¥ 73.0 billion US$ 11.7 billion |
| • Per capita | CN¥ 68,924 US$ 11,066 |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HB-07 |
| Licence plate prefixes | 鄂G |
| Website | 鄂州市政府门户网站 (in Simplified Chinese) |
| Ezhou | |||||||||||||||||
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| Chinese | 鄂州 | ||||||||||||||||
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Ezhou (Chinese:鄂州) is aprefecture-level city in easternHubei Province, China. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 1,079,353, of which 695,697 lived in the coreEcheng District. The Ezhou -Huanggang built-up (or metro) area was home to 1,152,559 inhabitants made of the Echeng and Huangzhou, Huanggang Districts.
Ezhou lies on the southern bank of theYangtze River east of the southern section ofWuchang, across the river from the city ofHuanggang, to which it is connected by theEhuang Bridge. Lying between the cities of Wuhan andHuangshi, Ezhou has a relatively small area of 1,504 square kilometers (581 sq mi).[4]
There are many lakes in Ezhou, including theLiangzi Lake inLiangzihu District andYanglan Lake, along with more than 133 lakes and pools. The city is the origin ofWuchang Bream and as a result is nicknamed "city of one hundred lakes" and "the land of fish and rice".[citation needed]
| Climate data for Ezhou, elevation 35 m (115 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 22.6 (72.7) | 29.7 (85.5) | 34.7 (94.5) | 34.5 (94.1) | 36.2 (97.2) | 37.8 (100.0) | 40.6 (105.1) | 39.9 (103.8) | 38.5 (101.3) | 35.6 (96.1) | 29.4 (84.9) | 23.5 (74.3) | 40.6 (105.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.3 (46.9) | 11.5 (52.7) | 16.2 (61.2) | 22.6 (72.7) | 27.4 (81.3) | 30.3 (86.5) | 33.4 (92.1) | 33.2 (91.8) | 29.2 (84.6) | 23.6 (74.5) | 17.3 (63.1) | 11.0 (51.8) | 22.0 (71.6) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 4.9 (40.8) | 7.6 (45.7) | 11.9 (53.4) | 18.0 (64.4) | 22.9 (73.2) | 26.2 (79.2) | 29.3 (84.7) | 28.9 (84.0) | 24.8 (76.6) | 19.1 (66.4) | 12.9 (55.2) | 7.0 (44.6) | 17.8 (64.0) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 2.2 (36.0) | 4.6 (40.3) | 8.6 (47.5) | 14.3 (57.7) | 19.2 (66.6) | 23.0 (73.4) | 26.0 (78.8) | 25.5 (77.9) | 21.4 (70.5) | 15.7 (60.3) | 9.6 (49.3) | 4.1 (39.4) | 14.5 (58.1) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −6.0 (21.2) | −5.1 (22.8) | −1.5 (29.3) | 3.7 (38.7) | 9.1 (48.4) | 13.8 (56.8) | 19.3 (66.7) | 17.5 (63.5) | 12.4 (54.3) | 5.0 (41.0) | −2.5 (27.5) | −6.7 (19.9) | −6.7 (19.9) |
| Averageprecipitation mm (inches) | 61.7 (2.43) | 76.8 (3.02) | 103.1 (4.06) | 150.4 (5.92) | 166.8 (6.57) | 223.6 (8.80) | 234.4 (9.23) | 120.6 (4.75) | 73.2 (2.88) | 66.7 (2.63) | 57.7 (2.27) | 36.9 (1.45) | 1,371.9 (54.01) |
| Average precipitation days(≥ 0.1 mm) | 10.8 | 11.4 | 14.0 | 12.9 | 12.4 | 13.0 | 12.4 | 10.5 | 7.5 | 8.7 | 9.0 | 7.8 | 130.4 |
| Average snowy days | 3.5 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 7.4 |
| Averagerelative humidity (%) | 76 | 75 | 75 | 74 | 74 | 79 | 77 | 76 | 74 | 74 | 75 | 73 | 75 |
| Mean monthlysunshine hours | 104.9 | 106.2 | 130.4 | 164.7 | 184.3 | 175.7 | 230.9 | 234.0 | 187.7 | 163.3 | 144.2 | 133.0 | 1,959.3 |
| Percentagepossible sunshine | 32 | 34 | 35 | 42 | 43 | 42 | 54 | 58 | 51 | 47 | 46 | 42 | 44 |
| Source:China Meteorological Administration[5][6] | |||||||||||||
The name "Ezhou" dates to theHan dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE) and derives from the nearby ancientZhou dynasty (1046–256 BCE) vassalState of E. Although the administrative seat of the city changed several times, the name remained unchanged until theThree Kingdoms era (220−280) at which time it became the capital of the state ofEastern Wu ruled bySun Quan and was renamed "Wuchang". This name remained in use as late as 1915, which proved confusing to travelers, as it was also applied to the much larger city of Wuchang, itself shortly to become part of Wuhan.[7]
Throughout China's history, Ezhou has remained an important city politically, economically, and militarily with its strategic position along the middle part of the Yangtze River. It is also an important location in the history of thePure Land Sect of Buddhism.[citation needed]
Ezhou has threedistricts:[1][8][9]
| # | Name | Chinese (S) |
|---|---|---|
| Districts | ||
| 1 | Echeng District | 鄂城区 (the central urban area) |
| 2 | Huarong District | 华容区 |
| 3 | Liangzihu District (Liangzi Lake District) | 梁子湖区 |
| Map |
|---|
Ezhou has six ports on the Yangtze including one than can handle up to 10,000-tonne (9,800-long-ton; 11,000-short-ton) vessels. Many important rail lines and national highways cross the area. This infrastructure make it a major logistics and distribution center. Important industries include metallurgy, construction materials, textiles, chemicals, and machinery.[citation needed]
Ezhou is served by the E-Huang Expressway,China National Highways106 and316, theWuhan–Jiujiang Railway, the Wuhan–Huangshi intercity railway of theWuhan Metropolitan Area Intercity Railway andEzhou Huahu International Airport. Ezhou hastwo bridges over the Yangtze.[citation needed]
Ezhou railway station (30°21′48″N114°51′38″E / 30.363343°N 114.860499°E /30.363343; 114.860499), located southwest of downtown, has an interesting layout, somewhat similar to that of theSecaucus Junction inNew Jersey. Until 2014, there was just one rail line there: the north–southWuhan–Jiujiang Railway, which is served by a large number of trains traveling from Wuhan toNanchang and points further east and south (Fujian, Zhejiang, etc.). Until 2013, there were no commuter trains in per se in Hubei, but it took only about one hour (usually, with a stop atHuarong) to reach one of Wuhan's train stations (such asWuchang railway station) train station from Ezhou using any of those trains. The distance from the Ezhou railway station to Wuchang by rail is 82 kilometers (51 mi).[10] In 2014, the Wuhan-Huangshi intercity railway of theWuhan Metropolitan Area Intercity Railway, the region's new commuter line system, was opened. This line, which runs east–west in the area, has crossed the Wuhan–Jiujiang Railway tracks at the right angle just south of the previously existing Ezhou station. To accommodate the new line, the Ezhou Station was expanded in 2013–2014, with platforms constructed on the new commuter line, providing a possibility for an easy transfer between the two lines. This is said to be the first station in China with this layout.[11]
The trains on the commuter line travel toWuhan Railway Station (56 km or 35 mi, 30–40 min from Ezhou).
The commuter line has one more station in Ezhou, farther to the east. It is Ezhou East, 64 km (40 mi) from Wuhan Railway Station.
Ezhou has several tourism sites, including the West Hill (which is in the center of the city), and the nearby Lotus Hill.[citation needed] There are also three lakes,Liangzi Lake,Yanglan Lake (洋澜湖) and Honglian Lake.
1996年，全市面积1504平方千米，{...}辖鄂城、华容、梁子湖3个市辖区，
六、人口的分布 全市常住人口地区分布如下：地 区 人口数（人）全市合计 1048672 鄂城区 303315 华容区 172599 梁子湖区 142608 葛店开发区（含葛店镇） 64734 鄂州开发区 31013 凤凰办 138032 古楼办 127600 西山办 68771
统计用区划代码 名称 420701000000 市辖区 420702000000 梁子湖区 420703000000 华容区 420704000000 鄂城区
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